In fiscal year 2020, we completed a public offering of 2,703 shares of our Class A common stock at a public offering price of $56.00 per share. The offering resulted in net proceeds to us of $144,790, after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and offering expenses. The net proceeds from the offering were used for general corporate purposes, including acquisitions or development of new operations or assets with the goal of complementing or expanding our business, and for working capital and capital expenditures.

The holders of the Class A common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held. The holders of the Class B common stock are entitled to ten votes for each share held, except for the election of one director, who is elected by the holders of the Class A common stock exclusively. The Class B common stock is convertible into Class A common stock on a share-for-share basis at the option of the shareholder.

2016 Incentive Plan. In the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, we adopted the 2016 Incentive Plan (“2016 Plan”). Under the 2016 Plan, we may grant awards up to an aggregate amount of shares equal to the sum of: (i) 2,250 shares of Class A common stock (subject to adjustment in the event of stock splits and other similar events), plus (ii) such additional number of shares of Class A common stock (up to 2,723 shares) as is equal to the sum of the number of shares of Class A common stock that remained available for grant under the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan ("2006 Plan") immediately prior to the expiration of the 2006 Plan and the number of shares of Class A common stock subject to awards granted under the 2006 Plan that expire or otherwise result in shares not being issued.

As of December 31, 2022, there were 797 Class A common stock equivalents available for future grant under the 2016 Plan, inclusive of additional Class A common stock equivalents that were previously issued under terminated plans and have become available for grant because such awards expired or otherwise resulted in shares not being issued.

Stock options are granted at a price equal to the prevailing fair value of our Class A common stock at the date of grant. Generally, stock options granted have a term not to exceed ten years and vest over a one year to five year period from the date of grant.

The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which requires extensive use of accounting judgment and financial estimation, including estimates of: the expected term, calculated based on the weighted average historical life of the vested stock options, giving consideration to vesting schedules and historical exercise patterns; the risk-free interest rate, based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve for the period of the expected life of the stock option; and the expected volatility, calculated using the weekly historical volatility of our Class A common stock over the expected life of the stock option.

Restricted stock and restricted stock units are granted at a price equal to the fair value of our Class A common stock at the date of grant. The fair value of each market-based performance stock unit is estimated using a Monte Carlo pricing model, which requires extensive use of accounting judgment and financial estimation, including the estimated share price appreciation plus the value of dividends of our Class A common stock as compared to the Russell 2000 Index over the requisite service period.

Restricted stock granted to non-employee directors vest incrementally over a three year period beginning on the first anniversary of the date of grant. Restricted stock units granted to non-employee directors vest in full on the first anniversary of the grant date. Restricted stock units vest incrementally over an identified service period beginning on the grant date based on continued employment. Market-based performance stock units vest at a future date following the grant date and are based on the attainment of performance targets and market achievements.

A summary of stock option activity is as follows:


	Stock Options	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2021	77	$	15.68
Granted	75	$	82.47
Exercised	(23)	$	8.56
Forfeited or expired	—	$	—

Outstanding, December 31, 2022	129	$	55.60	7.2	$	3,307
Exercisable, December 31, 2022	49	$	12.88	3.3	$	3,248

The fair value of stock options granted in fiscal year 2022 were calculated assuming no expected dividend yield using a weighted average expected life of 6.1 years, a risk-free interest rate of 2.7%, and an expected volatility of 30.5%.

The Black-Scholes valuation model requires extensive use of accounting judgment and financial estimation. Application of alternative assumptions could produce significantly different estimates of the fair value of stock-based compensation and consequently, the related amounts recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.

A summary of restricted stock, restricted stock unit and performance stock unit activity is as follows:


	Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, and Performance Stock Units (1)	Weighted Average Grant Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, December 31, 2021	249	$	55.40
Granted	83	$	94.14
Class A common stock vested	(126)	$	50.05
Forfeited or canceled	(37)	$	68.02
Outstanding, December 31, 2022	169	$	75.52	1.6	$	13,410
Unvested, December 31, 2022	268	$	79.06	1.6	$	21,219

(1)Market-based performance stock unit grants are included at 100%. Attainment of maximum performance targets and market achievements would result in the issuance of an additional 99 shares of Class A common stock currently included in unvested. The market-based performance stock unit grants that vested in fiscal year 2022 resulted in the issuance of 84 additional shares of Class A common stock.

As of December 31, 2022, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to outstanding restricted stock was $34, which will be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.2 years. As of December 31, 2022, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to outstanding restricted stock units was $3,670, which will be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.7 years. As of December 31, 2022, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to performance stock units based on our estimated achievement of the established performance criteria was $4,847, which will be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.6 years.

The weighted average fair value of market-based performance stock units granted during fiscal year 2022 was $103.84 per award, which was calculated using a Monte Carlo pricing model assuming a risk-free interest rate of 1.9% and an expected volatility of 34.8% assuming no expected dividend yield. Risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve for the expected service period of the award. Expected volatility is calculated using the daily volatility of our Class A common stock over the expected service period of the award.

The Monte Carlo pricing model requires extensive use of accounting judgment and financial estimation. Application of alternative assumptions could produce significantly different estimates of the fair value of stock-based compensation and consequently, the related amounts recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax is a component of stockholders' equity included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and includes, as applicable, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of our cash flow hedges and the changes in fair value of our marketable securities.

The changes in the balances of each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax are as follows:


	Interest Rate Swaps
Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	(6,041)

Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	(11,184)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	3,679
Income tax benefit related to items in other comprehensive loss	2,029
Other comprehensive loss	(5,476)
Balance as of December 31, 2020	(11,517)

Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	3,737
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	4,763
Income tax provision related to items in other comprehensive income	(2,086)
Other comprehensive income	6,414
Balance as of December 31, 2021	(5,103)

Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	15,297
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	1,443
Income tax provision related to items in other comprehensive income	(4,095)
Other comprehensive income	12,645
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	7,542

A summary of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax for fiscal years 2022, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:


	Fiscal Year Ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Details About Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax Components	Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax						Affected Line Item in the Consolidated Statements of Operations
Interest rate swaps	$	1,443	$	4,763	$	3,679	Interest expense
	(1,443)		(4,763)		(3,679)		Income before income taxes
	98		(1,142)		(2,029)		Provision (benefit) for income taxes
	$	(1,541)	$	(3,621)	$	(1,650)	Net income