Stock-Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

A summary of stock-based compensation costs follows (in millions):



	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2017		2016		2017		2016

Total stock-based compensation costs:
Restricted stock units	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	0.1
Stock options	0.1		0.1		0.3		0.3
Expense included in selling, general and administrative expense	$	0.1	$	0.1	$	0.3	$	0.4

Total recognized tax benefit	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

As of September 30, 2017, there was $0.5 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock-based payments granted, of which $0.4 million relates to stock options and $0.1 million relates to unvested restricted stock units. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.2 years.

Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. Stock options vest and become exercisable in equal annual installments over a three- or four-year period and expire 10 years from the date of grant.

Assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model to value option grants follow. There were no option grants in the nine months ended September 30, 2017.



	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
Risk-free interest rate	1.9%
Expected volatility	75%
Expected option life (years)	6
Weighted-average grant date fair value	$1.77
Options granted (in thousands)	15

A total of 30,000 restricted stock units were issued to non-employee, independent members of the Board of Directors in the nine months ended September 30, 2017, including 5,000 restricted stock units in the three months ended September 30, 2017. The restricted stock units vest on the earlier of May 31, 2018, or the date of the 2018 Annual Meeting, absent a defined event that would accelerate vesting. Settlement of restricted stock units is made in shares of Class A Common Stock only upon the director’s retirement or other end of service.