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Revenue and Contracts with Customers
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue from Contract with Customer REVENUE AND CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS
Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table presents revenue from SWU and uranium sales disaggregated by geographical region based on the billing addresses of customers (in millions):

Three Months Ended March 31,
20232022
United States$58.7 $12.6 
Foreign 0.1 5.1 
Revenue - SWU and uranium$58.8 $17.7 

Refer to Note 12, Segment Information, for disaggregation of revenue by segment. SWU sales are made primarily to electric utility customers and uranium sales are made primarily to other nuclear fuel related companies. Technical Solutions revenue resulted primarily from services provided to the U.S. government and its contractors. SWU and uranium revenue is recognized at a point in time and Technical Solutions revenue is generally recognized over time.
Accounts Receivable
March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
($ millions)
Accounts receivable:
Billed$25.7 $29.0 
Unbilled *7.2 9.1 
Other **1.2 — 
Accounts receivable$34.1 $38.1 
* Billings under certain contracts in the Technical Solutions segment are invoiced based on approved provisional billing rates. Unbilled revenue represents the difference between actual costs incurred and invoiced amounts. The Company expects to invoice and collect the unbilled amounts after actual rates are submitted to the customer and approved. Unbilled revenue also includes unconditional rights to payment that are not yet billable under applicable contracts pending the compilation of supporting documentation.

**Other receivables relates to proceeds from the Company’s ATM issuances received after March 31, 2023. See Note 10, Stockholder’s Equity.

Contract Liabilities

The following table presents changes in contract liability balances (in millions):
March 31, 2023December 31, 2022Year-To-Date Change
Accrued loss on HALEU Operation Contract:
Current - Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
$14.5 $20.0 $(5.5)
Deferred revenue - current$258.5 $258.4 $0.1 
Advances from customers - current$14.8 $14.8 $— 
Advances from customers - noncurrent$46.2 $46.2 $— 

Previously deferred sales recognized in revenue totaled $0 and $0.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

LEU Segment

The SWU component of LEU typically is bought and sold under contracts with deliveries over several years. The Company’s agreements for natural uranium sales generally are shorter-term, fixed-commitment contracts. The Company’s sales under contract in the Order Book extend to 2029. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Order Book was approximately $1.0 billion. The Order Book represents the estimated aggregate dollar amount of revenue for future SWU and uranium deliveries under contract and includes approximately $320 million and $319 million of Deferred Revenue and Advances from Customers at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Most of the Company’s customer contracts provide for fixed purchases of SWU during a given year. The Company’s Order Book is partially based on customers’ estimates of the timing and size of their fuel requirements and other assumptions that are subject to change. For example, depending on the terms of specific contracts, the customer may be able to increase or decrease the quantity delivered within an agreed range. The Company’s Order Book estimate also is based on the Company’s estimates of selling prices, which may be subject to change. For example, depending on the terms of specific contracts, prices may be adjusted based on escalation using a general inflation index, published SWU price indicators prevailing at the time of delivery, and other factors, all of which are variable. The Company uses external composite forecasts of future market prices and inflation rates in its pricing estimates.
Technical Solutions Segment

Revenue for the Technical Solutions segment, representing the Company’s technical, manufacturing, engineering, procurement, construction, and operations services offered to public and private sector customers, is recognized over the contractual period as services are rendered.

In 2019, the Company entered into a cost-share contract with the DOE, the HALEU Demonstration Contract, to deploy a cascade of centrifuges to demonstrate production of HALEU for advanced reactors. The DOE agreed to reimburse the Company for 80% of its costs incurred in performing the contract. The DOE modified the contract several times to increase the total contract funding to $173.0 million and to extend the period of performance to November 30, 2022. The impact to Cost of Sales in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, is $0 and $0.5 million, respectively, for previously accrued contract losses attributable to work performed in the periods. As of March 31, 2023, a total of $19.6 million of previously accrued contract losses have been realized and the accrued contract loss balance included in Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 is $0. The Company has received aggregate cash payments under the HALEU Demonstration Contract of $171.1 million through March 31, 2023.

In 2022, DOE elected to move the operational portion of the demonstration to a subsequent, competitively-awarded contract that will allow for a much longer period of operation than would have been possible under the original contract. On November 10, 2022, after a competitive solicitation, the DOE awarded the HALEU Operation Contract to the Company with work beginning December 1, 2022. The base contract value is approximately $150 million in two phases through 2024. Phase 1 includes an approximately $30 million cost share contribution from Centrus matched by approximately $30 million from the DOE to complete construction of the cascade, begin operations and produce the initial 20 kilograms of HALEU UF6 by December 31, 2023.

Phase 2 of the contract includes continued operations and maintenance, and production for a full year at an annual production rate of 900 kilograms of HALEU UF6, by no later than December 31, 2024. The DOE will own the HALEU produced from the demonstration cascade and Centrus will be compensated on a cost-plus-incentive-fee basis, with an expected Phase 2 contract value of approximately $90 million, subject to appropriations. The HALEU Operation Contract also gives DOE options to pay for up to nine additional years of production from the cascade beyond the base contract; those options are at the DOE’s sole discretion and subject to the availability of Congressional appropriations.

The impact to Cost of Sales in the three months ended March 31, 2023 is $5.5 million for previously accrued contract losses attributable to work performed in the period. As of March 31, 2023, a total of $6.8 million of previously accrued contract losses has been realized. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the remaining accrued contract loss balance of $14.5 million and $20.0 million, respectively, are included in Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities. The HALEU Operation Contract is funded incrementally and the DOE currently is obligated for costs up to approximately $33.0 million of the $120.1 million estimated transaction price for Phases 1 and 2. The Company has received aggregate cash payments under the HALEU Operation Contract of $4.1 million through March 31, 2023.

The Company currently does not have a contractual obligation to perform work in excess of the funding provided by the DOE. If the DOE does not commit to additional costs above the existing funding, the Company may incur material additional costs or losses in future periods that could have an adverse impact on its financial condition and liquidity.