<SEC-DOCUMENT>0000950142-25-002060.txt : 20250731
<SEC-HEADER>0000950142-25-002060.hdr.sgml : 20250731
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20250731161524
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0000950142-25-002060
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		14
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20250731
ITEM INFORMATION:		Material Modifications to Rights of Security Holders
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20250731
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20250731

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			AVIS BUDGET GROUP, INC.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000723612
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	SERVICES-AUTO RENTAL & LEASING (NO DRIVERS) [7510]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	07 Trade & Services
		EIN:				060918165
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-10308
		FILM NUMBER:		251171849

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		379 INTERPACE PARKWAY
		CITY:			PARSIPPANY
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07054
		BUSINESS PHONE:		973-496-4700

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		379 INTERPACE PARKWAY
		CITY:			PARSIPPANY
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07054

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	CENDANT CORP
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19971218

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	CUC INTERNATIONAL INC /DE/
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19920703

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	COMP U CARD INTERNATIONAL INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19870914
</SEC-HEADER>
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<p style="font: 18pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>UNITED STATES</b></p>

<p style="font: 18pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: center"><b>WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b></b></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b></b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>CURRENT REPORT</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>PURSUANT TO SECTION&#160;13 OR 15(d)&#160;OF THE</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 6pt; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 6pt; text-align: center"><b></b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 6pt; text-align: center">(Registrant&#8217;s telephone number, including
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>N/A</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(Former name or former address, if changed since last
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: left">Check the appropriate box below if the Form
8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (<span style="text-decoration: underline">see</span> General Instruction A.2.):</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: left">Securities registered pursuant to Section&#160;12(b)&#160;of
the Act:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 32%; text-align: center"><b>Name of Each Exchange on Which<br/>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: left">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 0">Emerging growth company&#160;<span style="font-family: Segoe UI Symbol,sans-serif"><span id="xdx_90F_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20250731__20250731_zno2HmNiiq4a"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2025-07-31" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000028" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check
mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting
standards provided pursuant to Section&#160;13(a)&#160;of the Exchange Act.&#160;<span style="font-family: Segoe UI Symbol,sans-serif">&#9744;</span></p>

<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>



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<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Material Modification to Rights of Security Holders.</b></span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">As previously disclosed, on May 14, 2025, Avis Budget Group, Inc. (the
&#8220;Company&#8221;) held its 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the &#8220;Annual Meeting&#8221;). At the Annual Meeting, stockholders
approved, among other things, certain amendments to the Company&#8217;s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the &#8220;Charter&#8221;) to (i)
revise the vote requirement for removal of directors, (ii) allocate the voting privileges over amendments solely affecting holders of
shares of preferred stock of the Company and (iii) provide for officer exculpation and make certain housekeeping changes (collectively,
the &#8220;Charter Amendments&#8221;). Detailed descriptions of the foregoing amendments were set forth in Proposals Six, Eight and Nine,
respectively, in the Company&#8217;s Definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on March 27, 2025 (the &#8220;Proxy Statement&#8221;), which descriptions are incorporated by reference herein. On July 31, 2025, the
Company filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware an Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation reflecting the
Charter Amendments (the &#8220;Amended and Restated Certificate&#8221;).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">The foregoing description of the Charter Amendments does not purport to
be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Amended and Restated Certificate, which is attached hereto and is incorporated
herein by reference.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt">The following exhibits are filed as part of this report:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Description</b></span></td></tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><a href="eh250656068_ex0301.htm">Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Avis Budget Group, Inc., dated as of July 31, 2025.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt">3.2</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><a href="eh250656068_ex0302.htm">Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Avis Budget Group, Inc., dated as of July 31, 2025 (marked to show changes from prior version).</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-size: 10pt">104</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt">&#160;</p>






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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 12pt; text-align: center"><span style="text-transform: uppercase"><b>SIGNATURE</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereto duly authorized.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0"></p>

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<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <td>&#160;</td>
  <td colspan="2"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>AVIS BUDGET GROUP, INC.</b></span></td>
  <td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <td style="width: 55%">&#160;</td>
  <td style="width: 5%">&#160;</td>
  <td style="width: 30%">&#160;</td>
  <td style="width: 10%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <td>&#160;</td>
  <td>&#160;</td>
  <td>&#160;</td>
  <td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <td>&#160;</td>
  <td>By:</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">/s/ Jean M. Sera</td>
  <td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <td>&#160;</td>
  <td>Name:</td>
  <td>Jean M. Sera</td>
  <td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <td>&#160;</td>
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  <td>&#160;</td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Date: July 31, 2025</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0"></p>

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<TYPE>EX-3.1
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<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 3.1
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: right"><B>EXHIBIT 3.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: center"><B>AMENDED AND RESTATED<BR>
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION<BR>
OF<BR>
AVIS BUDGET GROUP, INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt">Avis Budget Group, Inc., a corporation organized and existing under
the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the &#8220;Corporation&#8221;), does hereby certify as follows:</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(1)</TD><TD>The name of the Corporation is Avis Budget Group, Inc.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(2)</TD><TD>The name under which the Corporation was originally incorporated was Comp-U-Card of America, Inc. and the original Certificate of
Incorporation of the Corporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on August 1, 1974.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(3)</TD><TD>This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (hereinafter, this &#8220;Certificate of Incorporation&#8221;) was duly adopted
in accordance with the provisions of Sections 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(4)</TD><TD>The text of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation is hereby amended and restated to read in its
entirety, as follows:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">1.</TD><TD>The name of the Corporation is Avis Budget Group, Inc. (hereinafter, the &#8220;Corporation&#8221;).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">2.</TD><TD>The address of its registered office in the State of Delaware is Corporation Service Company, 251 Little Falls Drive, in the City
of Wilmington, County of New Castle, 19808. The name of its registered agent at such address is Corporation Service Company.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">3.</TD><TD>The nature of the business or purposes to be conducted or promoted is:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in">To engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations
may be organized under the General Corporation Law of Delaware, as amended (the &#8220;<U>DGCL</U>&#8221;).</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">4.</TD><TD>Capital Stock</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in">The total number of shares of all classes of stock which the
Corporation shall have authority to issue is 260,000,000, consisting of (i) 250,000,000 shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share
(&#8220;Common Stock&#8221;), and (ii) 10,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share (&#8220;Preferred Stock&#8221;).
No stockholder shall have any preemptive right to subscribe to or purchase any additional shares of stock of the Corporation or any securities
convertible into any such shares or representing a right or option to purchase any such shares.</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">A.</TD><TD>Common Stock</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in">The Corporation shall have the authority to issue shares of
Common Stock in one series. Such series of Common Stock shall be designated as Common Stock.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in">The total number of shares of Common Stock which the Corporation
shall have the authority to issue shall initially be 250,000,000. The Board of Directors shall have the authority to increase or decrease
from time to time the total number of shares of Common Stock which the Corporation shall have the authority to issue, but not above the
number which would exceed the total number of shares of Common Stock that the Corporation has the authority to issue, and not below the
number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in">The powers, preferences and rights, and the qualifications,
limitations and restrictions of the Common Stock are as follows:</P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">1.</TD><TD>Voting. Each stockholder represented at a meeting of the stockholders shall be entitled to cast one (1) vote in person or by proxy
for each share of the Common Stock entitled to vote thereat held by such stockholder. Except as otherwise required by law, holders of
Common Stock shall not be entitled to vote on any amendment to this Certificate of Incorporation (including any Preferred Stock designated
per Section B below and any other amendment thereto) that relates solely to the terms, number of shares, powers, designations, preferences,
or relative participating, optional or other special rights (including, without limitation, voting rights), or to qualifications, limitations
or restrictions thereon, of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock if the holders of such affected series are entitled, either
separately or together with the holders of one more other such series, to vote thereon pursuant to this Certificate of Incorporation or
pursuant to the DGCL.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">2.</TD><TD>No Cumulative Voting. The holders of shares of Common Stock shall not have cumulative voting rights.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">3.</TD><TD>Dividends; Stock Splits. Subject to the rights of the holders of Preferred Stock, and subject to any other provisions of this Certificate
of Incorporation, holders of shares of the Common Stock shall be entitled to receive such dividends and other distributions in cash, stock
or property of the Corporation when, as and if declared thereon by the Board of Directors from time to time out of assets or funds of
the Corporation legally available therefor.</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">B.</TD><TD>Preferred Stock</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in">The Board of Directors is expressly authorized to adopt, from
time to time, a resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of Preferred Stock in one or more series, to fix the number of shares
in each such series (subject to the aggregate limitations thereon in this Article) and to fix the designations and the powers, preferences
and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions, of each such series.
The authority of the Board of Directors with respect to each such series shall include</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in">determination of the following (which may vary as between the
different series of Preferred Stock):</P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">a.</TD><TD>The number of shares constituting the shares and the distinctive designation of the series;</TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">b.</TD><TD>The dividend rate on the shares of the series and the extent, if any, to which dividends thereon shall be cumulative;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">c.</TD><TD>Whether shares of the series shall be redeemable and, if redeemable, the redemption price payable on redemption thereof, which price
may, but need not, vary according to the time or circumstances of such redemption;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">d.</TD><TD>The amount or amounts payable upon the shares of the series in the event of voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding
up of the Corporation prior to any payment or distribution of the assets of the Corporation to any class or classes of stock of the Corporation
ranking junior to the Preferred Stock;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">e.</TD><TD>Whether the shares of the series shall be entitled to the benefit of a sinking or retirement fund to be applied to the purchase or
redemption of shares of the series and, if so entitled, the amount of such fund and the manner of its application, including the price
or prices at which the shares may be redeemed or purchased through the application of such fund;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">f.</TD><TD>Whether the shares of the series shall be convertible into, or exchangeable for, shares of any other class or classes or of any other
series of the same or any other class or classes of stock of the Corporation, and, if so convertible or exchangeable, the conversion price
or prices, or the rates of exchange, and the adjustments thereof, if any, at which such conversion or exchange may be made, and any other
terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">g.</TD><TD>The extent, if any, to which the holders of shares of the series shall be entitled to vote on any question or in any proceedings or
to be represented at or to receive notice of any meeting of stockholders of the Corporation;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">h.</TD><TD>Whether, and the extent to which, any of the voting powers, designations, preferences, rights and qualifications, limitations or restrictions
of any such series may be made dependent upon facts ascertainable outside of the Certificate of Incorporation, or outside the resolution
or resolutions providing for the issuance of such series adopted by the Board of Directors, provided that the manner in which such facts
shall operate upon the voting powers, designations, preferences, rights and qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such series
is clearly and expressly set forth in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of such series adopted by the Board of
Directors; and</TD></TR></TABLE>


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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">i.</TD><TD>Any other preferences, privileges and powers and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and qualifications, limitations
or restrictions of such series, as the Board of Directors may deem advisable, which shall not affect adversely any other class or series
of Preferred Stock at the time outstanding and which shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1.25in">Shares of Common Stock and of Preferred Stock may be issued
from time to time as the Board of Directors shall determine and on such terms and for such consideration, not less than par value, as
shall be fixed by the Board of Directors. No consent by any series of Preferred Stock shall be required for the issuance of any other
series of Preferred Stock unless the Board of Directors in the resolution providing for the issuance of any series of Preferred Stock
expressly provides that such consent shall be required.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1.25in">Subject to the rights, if any, of holders of shares of Preferred
Stock from time to time outstanding, dividends may be paid upon the Common Stock as and when declared by the Board of Directors out of
any funds legally available therefor.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1.25in">Except as otherwise provided by law or as otherwise expressly
provided in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of shares of any series of the Preferred Stock, the holders of shares
of the Common Stock shall have the exclusive right to vote for the election of directors and for all other purposes. Each holder of shares
of Common Stock of the Corporation entitled at any time to vote shall have one vote for each share thereof held. Except as otherwise provided
with respect to shares of Preferred Stock authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, the exclusive voting power for all purposes
shall be vested in the holders of shares of Common Stock.</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">C.</TD><TD>Dissolution, Liquidation or Winding Up</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in">Upon the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Corporation,
subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of any outstanding series of Preferred Stock, the holders of the Common Stock shall be entitled
to receive the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its stockholders ratably in proportion to the number of shares
of Common Stock held by them.</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">5.</TD><TD>The Corporation is to have perpetual existence.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">6.</TD><TD>In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">a.</TD><TD>To make, alter, or repeal the By-Laws of the Corporation.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">b.</TD><TD>To authorize and cause to be executed mortgages and liens upon the real and personal property of the Corporation.</TD></TR></TABLE>


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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">c.</TD><TD>To set apart out of any of the funds of the Corporation available for dividends a reserve or reserves for any proper purpose and to
abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">d.</TD><TD>Subject to the provisions of the By-Laws, to designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors
of the Corporation. Subject to the provisions of the By-Laws, the Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate
members of any committee, who shall replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee in the manner specified
in such designation. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board of Directors adopted in accordance with
the By-Laws of the Corporation, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of
the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require
it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority in reference to amending the Certificate of Incorporation, adopting an agreement
of merger or consolidation, recommending to the stockholders a dissolution of the Corporation or a revocation of a dissolution, or amending
the By-Laws of the Corporation; and, unless the resolution or By-Laws expressly so provide, no such committee shall have the power or
authority to declare a dividend or to authorize the issuance of stock.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">e.</TD><TD>When and as authorized by the stockholders in accordance with statute, to sell, lease, or exchange all or substantially all of the
property and assets of the Corporation, including its goodwill and its corporate franchises, upon such terms and conditions and for such
consideration, which may consist in whole or in part of money or property, including shares of stock in, and/or other securities of, any
other corporation or corporations, as its Board of Directors shall deem expedient and for the best interests of the Corporation.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">7.</TD><TD>Meetings of stockholders may be held within or without the State of Delaware, as the By-Laws may provide. The books of the Corporation
may be kept (subject to any provision contained in the statues) outside the State of Delaware at such place or places as may be designated
from time to time by the Board of Directors or in the By-Laws of the Corporation. Elections of directors need not be by written ballot
unless the By-Laws of the Corporation shall so provide.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">8.</TD><TD>For the management of the business and for the conduct of the affairs of the Corporation, and in further creation, definition, limitation
and regulation of the power of the Corporation and of its directors and of its stockholders, it is further provided:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">a.</TD><TD><U>Election of Directors</U>. Elections of Directors need not be by written ballot unless the By-Laws of the Corporation shall so
provide.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">b.</TD><TD><U>Number, Election and Terms of Directors</U>. The number of Directors of the Corporation shall be fixed from time to time by or
pursuant to the By-Laws. The Directors shall hold office for a term expiring at the annual meeting of</TD></TR></TABLE>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in">stockholders to be held in the year following the year of their
election, with the members to hold office until their successors are elected and qualified. At each annual meeting of the stockholders
of the Corporation, the Directors whose term expires at that meeting shall be elected to office for a term expiring at the annual meeting
of stockholders held in the year following the year of their election.</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">c.</TD><TD><U>Stockholder Nomination of Director Candidates</U>. Advance notice of nominations for the election of Directors, other than by the
Board of Directors or a Committee thereof, shall be given in the manner provided in the By-Laws.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">d.</TD><TD><U>Newly Created Directorships and Vacancies</U>. Newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of Directors
and any vacancies on the Board of Directors resulting from the death, resignation, disqualification, or removal of a director shall be
filled solely by the affirmative vote of the majority of the remaining Directors then in office, even though less than a quorum of the
Board of Directors. Any Director elected (a) to fill any vacancy resulting from the death, resignation, disqualification or removal of
a Director shall hold office for the remainder of the full term of the Director whose death, resignation, disqualification or removal
created such vacancy or (b) to fill any vacancy resulting from a newly created directorship shall hold office until the next annual meeting
of stockholders and, in each case, until such Director&#8217;s successors shall have become elected and qualified. No decrease in the
number of Directors constituting the Board of Directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent Director.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">e.</TD><TD><U>Removal of Directors</U>. Any Director may be removed from office with or without cause only by the affirmative vote of the holders
of a majority of the shares then entitled to vote on the election of directors.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">f.</TD><TD><U>Stockholder Action</U>. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the Corporation must be effected at
a duly called annual or special meeting of such holders and may not be effected by any consent in writing by such holders. Except as otherwise
required by law, special meetings of stockholders of the Corporation may be called only by the Chairman of the Board, the President or
the Board of Directors pursuant to a resolution approved by a majority of the entire Board of Directors.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">g.</TD><TD><U>By-Law Amendments</U>. The Board of Directors shall have power to make, alter, amend and repeal the By-Laws (except so far as the
By-Laws adopted by the stockholders shall otherwise provide). Any By-Laws made by the Directors under the powers conferred hereby may
be altered, amended or repealed by the Directors or by the stockholders. Notwithstanding the foregoing and anything contained in this
Certificate of Incorporation to the contrary, Sections 1, 2 and 3 of Article II of the By-Laws shall not be altered, amended or repealed
and no provision inconsistent therewith shall be adopted without the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 80% of the voting power
of all the shares of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of Directors, voting together as a single</TD></TR></TABLE>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in">class and Sections 1, 2 and 3 of Article III of the By-Laws
shall not be altered, amended or repealed and no provision inconsistent therewith shall be adopted without the affirmative vote of the
holders of at least a majority of the voting power of all shares of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of Directors,
voting together as a single class.</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">h.</TD><TD><U>Amendment, Repeal</U>. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Certificate of Incorporation to the contrary, the affirmative
vote of the holders of at least 80% of the voting power of all shares of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of
Directors, voting together as a single class, shall be required to alter, amend, or adopt any provision inconsistent with, or repeal,
Article&nbsp;8 a., c., d., f., g., or h.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">9.</TD><TD>(a) Vote Required for Certain Business Combinations.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">A.</TD><TD><U>Higher Vote for Certain Business Combinations</U>. In addition to any affirmative vote required by law or this Certificate of Incorporation,
and except as otherwise expressly provided herein:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">1.</TD><TD>any merger or consolidation of the Corporation or any Subsidiary (as hereinafter defined) with (a) any Interested Stockholder (as
hereinafter defined) or (b) any other corporation (whether or not itself an Interested Stockholder) which is, or after such merger or
consolidation would be, an Affiliate (as hereinafter defined) of an Interested Stockholder; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">2.</TD><TD>any sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition (in one transaction or a series of transactions) to or
with any Interested Stockholder or any Affiliate of any Interested Stockholder of any assets of the Corporation or any Subsidiary having
an aggregate Fair Market Value of $10 million or more; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">3.</TD><TD>the issuance or transfer by the Corporation or any Subsidiary (in one transaction or series of transactions) of any securities of
the Corporation or any subsidiary to any Interested Stockholder or to any Affiliate of any Interested Stockholder in exchange for cash,
securities or other property (or a combination thereof) having an aggregate Fair Market Value of $10 million or more; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">4.</TD><TD>the adoption of any plan or proposal for the liquidation or dissolution of the Corporation proposed by or on behalf of any Interested
Stockholder or any Affiliate of any Interested Stockholder; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">5.</TD><TD>any reclassification of securities (including any reverse stock split), or recapitalization of the Corporation, or any merger or consolidation
of the Corporation with any of its Subsidiaries or any other transaction (whether or not with or into or otherwise involving an Interested
Stockholder) which has the effect, directly or indirectly, of increasing the proportionate share of the outstanding shares of any class
of Equity Security (as</TD></TR></TABLE>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1.5in">hereinafter defined) of the Corporation or any Subsidiary
which is directly or indirectly owned by any Interested Stockholder or any Affiliate of any Interested Stockholder; shall require the
affirmative vote of the holders of at least 80% of the voting power of the then outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation
entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (the &#8220;Voting Stock&#8221;), voting together as a single class (it being
understood that for the purposes of Article 9, each share of the Voting Stock shall have one vote). Such affirmative vote shall be required
notwithstanding the fact that no vote may be required, or that a lesser percentage may be specified, by law or in any agreement with any
national securities exchange or otherwise.</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">B.</TD><TD><U>Definition of &#8220;Business Combination</U>&#8221;. The term &#8220;Business Combination&#8221; used in this Article&nbsp;9 shall
mean any transaction which is referred to in any one or more of clauses (1) through (5) of Paragraph A hereof.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.4in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(b)</TD><TD><U>When Higher Vote is Not Required</U>. The provisions of Article&nbsp;9(a) shall not be applicable to any particular Business Combination,
and such Business Combination shall require only such affirmative vote as is required by law and any other provision of this Certificate
of Incorporation, if all of the conditions specified in either of the following Paragraphs A and B are met:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">A.</TD><TD><U>Approval by Disinterested Directors</U>. The Business Combination shall have been approved by majority of the Disinterested Directors
(as hereinafter defined).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">B.</TD><TD><U>Price and Procedure Requirements</U>. All of the following conditions shall have been met:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">i.</TD><TD>The aggregate amount of the cash and the Fair Market Value (as hereinafter defined) as of the date of the consummation of the Business
Combination of consideration other than cash to be received per share by holders of Common Stock in such Business Combination shall be
at least equal to the higher of the following:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 2in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">a.</TD><TD>(if applicable) the highest per share price (including any brokerage commissions, transfer taxes and soliciting dealers&#8217; fees)
paid by the Interested Stockholder for any shares of Common Stock acquired by it (1) within the two-year period immediately prior to the
first public announcement of the terms of the proposed Business Combination (the &#8220;Announcement Date&#8221;) or (2) in the transaction
in which it became an Interested Stockholder, whichever is higher; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 2in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">b.</TD><TD>the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the Announcement Date or on the date on which the Interested Stockholder became
an Interested Stockholder (such latter date</TD></TR></TABLE>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 2.25in">is referred to in this Paragraph 9 as the &#8220;Determination
Date&#8221;), whichever is higher.</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">ii.</TD><TD>The aggregate amount of the cash and the Fair Market Value as of the date of the consummation of the Business Combination of consideration
other than cash to be received per share by holders of shares of any other class of outstanding Voting Stock shall be at least equal to
the higher of the following:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 2in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">a.</TD><TD>(if applicable) the highest per share price (including any brokerage commissions, transfer taxes and soliciting dealers&#8217; fees)
paid by the Interested Stockholder for any shares of Common Stock acquired by it (1) within the two-year period immediately prior to the
Announcement Date or (2) in the transaction in which it became an Interested Stockholder, whichever is higher; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 2in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">b.</TD><TD>the Fair Market Value per share of such class of Voting Stock on the Announcement Date or on the Determination Date, whichever is
higher.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">iii.</TD><TD>The consideration to be received by holders of Voting Stock shall be in cash or in the same form as the Interested Stockholder has
previously paid for shares of such class of Voting Stock. If the Interested Stockholder has paid for any Voting Stock with varying forms
of consideration, the form of consideration for such Voting Stock shall be either cash or the form used to acquire the largest number
of shares of such Voting Stock previously acquired by it. The price determined in accordance with paragraphs B(i) and B(ii) of this Article&nbsp;9(b)
shall be subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of any stock dividend, stock split, combination of shares or similar event.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">iv.</TD><TD>After such Interested Stockholder has become an Interested Stockholder and prior to the consummation of such Business Combinations:
(a) there shall have been (1) no reduction in the annual rate of dividends paid on the Common Stock (except as necessary to reflect any
subdivision of the Common Stock), except as approved by a majority of the Disinterested Directors, and (2) an increase in such annual
rate of dividends as necessary to reflect any reclassification (including any reverse stock split), recapitalization, reorganization or
any similar transaction which has the effect of reducing the number of outstanding shares of the Common Stock, unless the failure so to
increase such annual rate is approved by a majority of the Disinterested Directors; and (b) such Interested Stockholder shall have not
become the beneficial owner of any additional shares of Voting Stock except as part of the transaction which results in such Interested
Stockholder becoming an Interested Stockholder.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.4in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(c)</TD><TD><U>Certain Definitions</U>. For the purpose of this Article&nbsp;9:</TD></TR></TABLE>


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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">A.</TD><TD>A &#8220;person&#8221; shall mean any individual, firm, corporation or other entity.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">B.</TD><TD>&#8220;Interested Stockholder&#8221; shall mean any person (other than the Corporation or any Subsidiary) who or which:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">i.</TD><TD>is the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of 5% or more of the voting power of the outstanding Voting Stock; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">ii.</TD><TD>is an Affiliate of the Corporation and at any time within the two-year period immediately prior to the date in question was the beneficial
owner, directly or indirectly, of 5% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding Voting Stock; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">iii.</TD><TD>is an assignee of or has otherwise succeeded to any shares of Voting Stock which were at any time within the two-year period immediately
prior to the date in question beneficially owned by any Interested Stockholder, if such assignment or succession shall have occurred in
the course of a transaction or series of transactions not involving a public offering within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">C.</TD><TD>A person shall be a &#8220;beneficial owner&#8221; of any Voting Stock:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">i.</TD><TD>which such person or any of its Affiliates or Associates (as hereinafter defined) beneficially owns directly or indirectly; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">ii.</TD><TD>which such person or any of its Affiliates or Associates has (a) the right to acquire (whether such right is exercisable immediately
or only after the passage of time), pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding or upon the exercise of conversion rights,
exchange rights, warrants or options, or otherwise, or (b) the right to vote pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding;
or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">iii.</TD><TD>which are beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by any other person with which such person or any of its Affiliates or Associates
has any agreement, arrangement or understanding for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting or disposing of any shares of Voting Stock.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">D.</TD><TD>For the purpose of determining whether a person is an interested Stockholder pursuant to paragraph B of this Article 9(c), the number
of shares of Voting Stock deemed to be outstanding shall include shares deemed owned through application of paragraph C of the Article
9(c) but shall not include any other shares of Voting Stock which may be issuable pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding,
or upon exercise of conversion rights, warrants or options, or otherwise.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">E.</TD><TD>&#8220;Affiliate&#8221; or &#8220;Associate&#8221; shall have the respective meanings ascribed to such terms in Rule 12b-2 of the
General Rules and Regulations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as in effect on January 1, 1985.</TD></TR></TABLE>


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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">F.</TD><TD>&#8220;Subsidiary&#8221; means any corporation of which a majority of any class of Equity Security is owned, directly or indirectly,
by the Corporation, provided, however, that for the purposes of the definition of Interested Stockholder set forth in paragraph B of this
Article&nbsp;9(c), the term &#8220;Subsidiary&#8221; shall mean only a corporation of which a majority of each class of Equity Security
is owned, directly or indirectly, by the Corporation.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">G.</TD><TD>&#8220;Disinterested Director&#8221; means any member of the Board of Directors who is unaffiliated with the Interested Stockholder
and was a member of the Board of Directors prior to the time that the Interested Stockholder became an Interested Stockholder, and any
successor of a Disinterested Director who is unaffiliated with the Interested Stockholder and is recommended to succeed a Disinterested
Director by a majority of Disinterested Directors then on the Board of Directors.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">H.</TD><TD>&#8220;Fair Market Value&#8221; means: (i) in the case of stock, the highest closing bid quotation with respect to a share of such
stock during the 30-day period preceding the date in question on the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. Automated Quotation
System or any system then in use, or, if such stock is then listed on an exchange, the highest closing sale price during the 30-day period
immediately preceding the date in question of a share of such stock on the Composition Tape for New York Stock Exchange--Listed Stocks,
or, if such stock is not quoted on the Composite Tape, on the New York Stock Exchange, or, if such stock is not listed on such Exchange,
on the principal United States securities exchange registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 on which such stock is listed,
or, if such stock is not listed on any such exchange or quoted as aforesaid, the fair market value on the date in question of a share
of such stock as determined by the Board of Directors in good faith; and (ii) in the case of property other than cash or stock, the fair
market value of such property on the date in question as determined by the Board of Directors, in good faith.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">I.</TD><TD>In the event of any Business Combination in which the Corporation survives, the phrase &#8220;consideration other than cash to be
received&#8221; as used in paragraphs B(i) and (ii) of Article&nbsp;9(b) shall include the shares of Common Stock retained by the holders
of such shares.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">J.</TD><TD>&#8220;Equity Security&#8221; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section&nbsp;3(a)(11) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as in effect on January 1, 1985.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(d)</TD><TD><U>Powers of the Board of Directors</U>. A majority of the Directors shall have the power and duty to determine for the purposes of
this Article&nbsp;9 on the basis of information known to them after reasonable inquiry, (A) whether a person is an Interested Stockholder,
(B) the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by any person, (C) whether a person is an Affiliate or Associate of another
(D) whether the assets which are the subject of any Business Combination have, or the consideration to be received for an issuance of
transfer of securities by the Corporation or any Subsidiary in any Business Combination has, or an issuance or transfer of securities
by the Corporation or any Subsidiary in any</TD></TR></TABLE>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 31.5pt">Business Combination has, an aggregate Fair Market Value
of $10 million or more. A majority of the Directors shall have the further power to interpret all of the terms and provisions of this
Article&nbsp;9.</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(e)</TD><TD><U>No Effect on Fiduciary Obligations of Interested Shareholders</U>. Nothing contained in this Article&nbsp;9 shall be construed
to relieve any Interested Stockholder from any fiduciary obligation imposed by law.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(f)</TD><TD><U>Amendment, Repeal, etc.</U> Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation or the By-Laws (and notwithstanding
the fact that a lesser percentage may be specified by law, this Certificate of Incorporation or the By-Laws) the affirmative vote of the
holders of 80% or more of the outstanding Voting Stock, voting together as a single class, shall be required to amend or repeal, or adopt
any provisions inconsistent with this Article&nbsp;9.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">10.</TD><TD>To the fullest extent permitted under the DGCL, no director or officer of the Corporation shall be personally liable to the Corporation
or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty by such director as a director; provided, however, that this Article&nbsp;10
shall not eliminate or limit the liability of a director or officer to the extent provided by applicable law (i) for any breach of the
director&#8217;s or officer&#8217;s duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith
or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) under section 174 of the General Corporation Law of the State
of Delaware, or (iv) for any transaction from which the director or officer derived an improper personal benefit. No amendment to or repeal
of this Article&nbsp;10 shall apply to or have any effect on the liability or alleged liability of any director of the Corporation for
or with respect to any acts or omissions of such director or officer occurring prior to such amendment or repeal.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has caused this Amended
and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be executed this 31st day of July, 2025.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0"></P>

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&#160;</TD>
  <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>AVIS BUDGET GROUP, INC.</B></FONT></TD>
  <TD>&#160;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD STYLE="width: 55%">&#160;</TD>
  <TD STYLE="width: 5%">&#160;</TD>
  <TD STYLE="width: 30%">&#160;</TD>
  <TD STYLE="width: 10%">&#160;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&#160;</TD>
  <TD>&#160;</TD>
  <TD>&#160;</TD>
  <TD>&#160;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&#160;</TD>
  <TD>By:</TD>
  <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">/s/ Jean M. Sera</TD>
  <TD>&#160;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&#160;</TD>
  <TD>Name:</TD>
  <TD>Jean M. Sera</TD>
  <TD>&#160;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&#160;</TD>
  <TD>Title:</TD>
  <TD>Senior Vice President, General Counsel, Chief Compliance Officer and Corporate Secretary</TD>
  <TD>&#160;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0">&#160;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">[Signature Page to Amended and Restated Certificate
of Incorporation]<BR></P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-3.2
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>eh250656068_ex0302.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 3.2
<TEXT>
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<HEAD>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: right"><B>EXHIBIT 3.2</B></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right; color: blue"><FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double"><B>EXECUTION
VERSION</B></FONT></P>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: right"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>AMENDED
AND RESTATED <FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><BR> </FONT>CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION<FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><BR> </FONT>OF </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>CENDANT
CORPORATION</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><BR> AVIS BUDGET GROUP,
INC.</FONT></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt"><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Cendant Corporation</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>Avis
Budget Group, Inc.</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">, a corporation organized and existing under the </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>laws</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>General
Corporation Law</B></FONT> <FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">of the State of Delaware (the &#8220;Corporation&#8221;), does hereby certify
as follows:</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The name of the Corporation is </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Cendant Corporation</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>Avis
Budget Group, Inc</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The name under which the Corporation was originally incorporated was Comp-U-Card of America, Inc. and
the original Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on August
1, 1974.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation <FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>(hereinafter,
this &#8220;Certificate of Incorporation&#8221;) </B></FONT>was duly adopted in accordance with the provisions of Sections 242 and 245
of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The text of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>as
amended</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>is</B></FONT> <FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">hereby
</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>is</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>amended
and</B></FONT> <FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">restated to read in its entirety, as follows:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The name of the Corporation is Avis Budget Group, Inc. (hereinafter, the &#8220;Corporation&#8221;).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The address of its registered office in the State of Delaware is Corporation Service Company, </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>2711
Centerville Road, Suite 400</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>251 Little
Falls Drive</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">, in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle<FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>,
19808</B></FONT>. The name of its registered agent at such address is Corporation Service Company.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The nature of the business or purposes to be conducted or promoted is:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in">To engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations
may be organized under the General Corporation Law of Delaware<FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>, as amended
(the &#8220;DGCL&#8221;)</B></FONT>.</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">4.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Capital Stock </FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in">The total number of shares of all classes of stock which the
Corporation shall have authority to issue is 260,000,000, consisting of (i) 250,000,000 shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share
(&#8220;Common Stock&#8221;), and (ii) 10,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share (&#8220;Preferred Stock&#8221;).
No stockholder shall have any preemptive right to subscribe to or purchase any additional shares of stock of the Corporation or any securities
convertible into any such shares or representing a right or option to purchase any such shares.</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">A.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Common Stock </FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The Corporation shall have the
authority to issue shares of Common Stock in one series. Such series of Common Stock shall be designated as Common Stock. </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>When</STRIKE></FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in"><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>the filing of this Amended
and Restated Certificate of Incorporation becomes effective, each share of Common Stock (previously classified as Cendant Corporation-CD
Common Stock) (and outstanding certificates that had theretofore represented shares of Cendant Corporation-CD Common Stock) outstanding
immediately prior thereto shall automatically be reclassified as one share of Common Stock (and outstanding certificates that had theretofore
represented shares of Cendant Corporation-CD Common Stock shall thereupon represent an equal number of shares of Common Stock despite
the absence of any indication thereon to that effect)</STRIKE>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in">The total number of shares of Common Stock which the Corporation
shall have the authority to issue shall initially be 250,000,000. The Board of Directors shall have the authority to increase or decrease
from time to time the total number of shares of Common Stock which the Corporation shall have the authority to issue, but not above the
number which would exceed the total number of shares of Common Stock that the Corporation has the authority to issue, and not below the
number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in">The powers, preferences and rights, and the qualifications,
limitations and restrictions of the Common Stock are as follows:</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Voting. Each stockholder represented at a meeting of the stockholders shall be entitled to cast one
(1) vote in person or by proxy for each share of the Common Stock entitled to vote thereat held by such stockholder. <FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>Except
as otherwise required by law, holders </B></FONT></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: green">of
Common Stock </FONT></B><B><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue">shall not be entitled to vote
on any amendment to this </FONT></B><B><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: green">Certificate of Incorporation
</FONT></B><B><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue">(including any Preferred Stock designated
per Section B below and any other amendment thereto) that relates solely to the terms, </FONT></B><B><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: green">number
of shares</FONT></B><B><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue">, powers, designations, preferences,
or relative participating, optional or other special rights (including, without limitation, voting rights), or to qualifications, limitations
or restrictions thereon, of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock if the holders of such affected series are entitled, either
separately or together with the holders of one more other such series, to vote thereon pursuant to this Certificate of Incorporation or
pursuant to the DGCL.</FONT></B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">No Cumulative Voting. The holders of shares of Common Stock shall not have cumulative voting rights.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Dividends; Stock Splits. Subject to the rights of the holders of Preferred Stock, and subject to any
other provisions of this </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Amended and Restated </STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Certificate
of Incorporation</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>, as it may be amended from time to time</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">,
holders of shares of the Common Stock shall be entitled to receive such dividends and other distributions in cash, stock or property of
the Corporation when, as and if declared thereon by the Board of Directors from time to time out of assets or funds of the Corporation
legally available therefor. </FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">B.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Preferred Stock </FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in">The Board of Directors is expressly authorized to adopt, from
time to time, a resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of Preferred Stock in one or more series, to fix the number of shares
in each such series (subject to the aggregate limitations thereon in this Article) and to fix the designations and the powers, preferences
and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions, of each such series.
The authority of the Board of Directors with respect to each such series shall include determination of the following (which may vary
as between the different series of Preferred Stock):</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">a.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The number of shares constituting the shares and the distinctive designation of the series;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">b.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The dividend rate on the shares of the series and the extent, if any, to which dividends thereon shall
be cumulative;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">c.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Whether shares of the series shall be redeemable and, if redeemable, the redemption price payable on
redemption thereof, which price may, but need not, vary according to the time or circumstances of such redemption;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">d.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The amount or amounts payable upon the shares of the series in the event of voluntary or involuntary
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation prior to any payment or distribution of the assets of the Corporation to any
class or classes of stock of the Corporation ranking junior to the Preferred Stock;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">e.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Whether the shares of the series shall be entitled to the benefit of a sinking or retirement fund to
be applied to the purchase or redemption of shares of the series and, if so entitled, the amount of such fund and the manner of its application,
including the price or prices at which the shares may be redeemed or purchased through the application of such fund;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">f.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Whether the shares of the series shall be convertible into, or exchangeable for, shares of any other
class or classes or of any other series of the same or any other class or classes of stock of the Corporation, and, if so convertible
or exchangeable, the conversion price or prices, or the rates of exchange, and the adjustments thereof, if any, at which such conversion
or exchange may be made, and any other terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">g.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The extent, if any, to which the holders of shares of the series shall be entitled to vote on any question
or in any proceedings or to be represented at or to receive notice of any meeting of stockholders of the Corporation;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">h.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Whether, and the extent to which, any of the voting powers, designations, preferences, rights and qualifications,
limitations or restrictions of any such series may be made dependent upon facts ascertainable outside of the </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Amended
and Restated </STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Certificate of Incorporation</FONT> <FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>or of
any amendment thereto</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">, or outside the resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance
of such series adopted by</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1.25in">the Board of Directors, provided that the manner in which
such facts shall operate upon the voting powers, designations, preferences, rights and qualifications, limitations or restrictions of
such series is clearly and expressly set forth in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of such series adopted by the
Board of Directors; and</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">i.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Any other preferences, privileges and powers and relative, participating, optional or other special
rights, and qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such series, as the Board of Directors may deem advisable, which shall not
affect adversely any other class or series of Preferred Stock at the time outstanding and which shall not be inconsistent with the provisions
of this </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Amended and Restated </STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Certificate of Incorporation.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1.25in">Shares of Common Stock and of Preferred Stock may be issued
from time to time as the Board of Directors shall determine and on such terms and for such consideration, not less than par value, as
shall be fixed by the Board of Directors. No consent by any series of Preferred Stock shall be required for the issuance of any other
series of Preferred Stock unless the Board of Directors in the resolution providing for the issuance of any series of Preferred Stock
expressly provides that such consent shall be required.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1.25in">Subject to the rights, if any, of holders of shares of Preferred
Stock from time to time outstanding, dividends may be paid upon the Common Stock as and when declared by the Board of Directors out of
any funds legally available therefor.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1.25in">Except as otherwise provided by law or as otherwise expressly
provided in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of shares of any series of the Preferred Stock, the holders of shares
of the Common Stock shall have the exclusive right to vote for the election of directors and for all other purposes. Each holder of shares
of Common Stock of the Corporation entitled at any time to vote shall have one vote for each share thereof held. Except as otherwise provided
with respect to shares of Preferred Stock authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, the exclusive voting power for all purposes
shall be vested in the holders of shares of Common Stock.</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">C.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Reverse Stock Split</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>Dissolution,
Liquidation or Winding Up</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in"><FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>Upon
the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Corporation, subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of any outstanding series
of Preferred Stock, the holders of the Common Stock shall be entitled to receive the assets of the Corporation available for distribution
to its stockholders ratably in proportion to the number of shares </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double; color: green">of
Common Stock </FONT></B><B><FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double; color: blue">held by them.</FONT></B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>1.</STRIKE></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Upon this amendment becoming effective (the &#8220;Effective Time&#8221;), a one-for-ten reverse
stock split of each of the par value $0.01 Common Stock (&#8220;Old Common Stock&#8221;) shall become effective, such that (a) every ten
(10) shares of $0.01 par value Old Common Stock of the Corporation either issued and outstanding or held by the Corporation as</STRIKE></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: Red"><STRIKE>treasury stock immediately
prior to the Effective Time, will be automatically reclassified, combined and converted into one (1) share of $0.01 par value Common
Stock of the Corporation.</STRIKE></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>2.</STRIKE></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Notwithstanding the immediately preceding sentence, no fractional shares of Common Stock shall be
issued to holders of record of Old Common Stock in connection with the foregoing reclassification of shares of Old Common Stock. In lieu
thereof, the Corporation shall pay cash equal to such fraction multiplied by the then fair value per share of Common Stock, as applicable,
as determined by the Board of Directors of the Corporation.</STRIKE></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>3.</STRIKE></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Each stock certificate that, immediately prior to the Effective Time, represented shares of Old Common
Stock, as applicable, shall, from and after the Effective Time, automatically and without the necessity of presenting the same for exchange,
represent that number of whole shares of Common Stock into which the shares of Old Common Stock, as applicable, represented by such certificate
shall have been reclassified (as well as the right to receive cash in lieu of any fractional shares of Common Stock, as set forth above).</STRIKE></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The Corporation is to have perpetual existence.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the Board of Directors is expressly
authorized:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">a.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">To make, alter, or repeal the By-Laws of the Corporation.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">b.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">To authorize and cause to be executed mortgages and liens upon the real and personal property of the
Corporation.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">c.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">To set apart out of any of the funds of the Corporation available for dividends a reserve or reserves
for any proper purpose and to abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">d.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Subject to the provisions of the By-Laws, to designate one or more committees, each committee to consist
of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. Subject to the provisions of the By-Laws, the Board of Directors may designate one
or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who shall replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee
in the manner specified in such designation. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board of Directors adopted
in accordance with the By-Laws of the Corporation, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors
in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers
which may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority in reference to amending the </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Amended
and Restated </STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Certificate of Incorporation, adopting an agreement of merger or consolidation,
recommending to the stockholders a dissolution of the Corporation or a revocation of a dissolution, or amending the By-Laws of the Corporation;
and, unless the resolution or By-Laws expressly so provide, no such committee shall have the power or authority to declare a dividend
or to authorize the issuance of stock.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


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<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">e.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">When and as authorized by the stockholders in accordance with statute, to sell, lease, or exchange all
or substantially all of the property and assets of the Corporation, including its goodwill and its corporate franchises, upon such terms
and conditions and for such consideration, which may consist in whole or in part of money or property, including shares of stock in, and/or
other securities of, any other corporation or corporations, as its Board of Directors shall deem expedient and for the best interests
of the Corporation.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>7.</STRIKE></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Whenever a compromise or arrangement is proposed between this Corporation and its creditors or any
class of them and/or between this Corporation and its stockholders or any class of them, any court of equitable jurisdiction within the
State of Delaware may, on the application in a summary way of this Corporation or of any creditor or stockholder thereof, or on the application
of any receiver or receivers appointed for this Corporation under the provisions of Section&nbsp;291 of Title 8 of the Delaware Code or
on the application of trustees in dissolution or of any receiver or receivers appointed for this Corporation under the provisions of Section&nbsp;279
of Title 8 of the Delaware Code, order a meeting of the creditors or class of creditors, and/or of the stockholders or class of stockholders
of this Corporation, as the case may be, to be summoned in such manner as the said court directs. If a majority in number representing
three-fourths in value of the creditors or class of creditors, and/or of the stockholders or class of stockholders of this Corporation,
as the case may be, agree to any compromise or arrangement to any reorganization of this Corporation as consequence of such compromise
or arrangement, the said compromise or arrangement and the said reorganization shall, if sanctioned by the court to which the said application
has been made, be binding on all the creditors or class of creditors, and/or on all the stockholders or class of stockholders of this
Corporation, as the case may be, and also on this Corporation.</STRIKE></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in"><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>8</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>7</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">.</FONT>&#9;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Meetings
of stockholders may be held within or without the State of Delaware, as the By-Laws may provide. The books of the Corporation may be kept
(subject to any provision contained in the statues) outside the State of Delaware at such place or places as may be designated from time
to time by the Board of Directors or in the By-Laws of the Corporation. Elections of directors need not be by written ballot unless the
By-Laws of the Corporation shall so provide.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in"><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>9</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>8</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">.</FONT>&#9;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">For
the management of the business and for the conduct of the affairs of the Corporation, and in further creation, definition, limitation
and regulation of the power of the Corporation and of its directors and of its stockholders, it is further provided:</FONT></P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">a.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Election of Directors</U>. Elections of Directors need not be by written ballot unless the By-Laws
of the Corporation shall so provide.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">b.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Number, Election and Terms of Directors</U>. The number of Directors of the Corporation shall be
fixed from time to time by or pursuant to the </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>By-laws. From and after the annual meeting of stockholders
to be held in 2004, the</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>By-Laws. The</B></FONT>
<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Directors shall hold office for a term expiring at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in the
year following the year of their election, with the members to hold office until their successors are elected and qualified</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>;
provided that the term of any Director appointed prior to the annual meeting of stockholders held in 2004 shall be unaffected</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">.
At each annual meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation, the Directors whose term expires at that meeting shall be elected to office
for a term expiring at the annual meeting of stockholders held in the year following the year of their election.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


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<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">c.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Stockholder Nomination of Director Candidates</U>. Advance notice of nominations for the election
of Directors, other than by the Board of Directors or a Committee thereof, shall be given in the manner provided in the By-Laws.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">d.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Newly Created Directorships and Vacancies</U>. Newly created directorships resulting from any increase
in the number of Directors and any vacancies on the Board of Directors resulting from the death, resignation, disqualification, or removal
of a director shall be filled solely by the affirmative vote of the majority of the remaining Directors then in office, even though less
than a quorum of the Board of Directors. Any Director elected (a) to fill any vacancy resulting from the death, resignation, disqualification
or removal of a Director shall hold office for the remainder of the full term of the Director whose death, resignation, disqualification
or removal created such vacancy or (b) to fill any vacancy resulting from a newly created directorship shall hold office until the next
annual meeting of stockholders and, in each case, until such Director&#8217;s successors shall have become elected and qualified. No decrease
in the number of Directors constituting the Board of Directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent Director.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">e.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Removal of Directors</U>. Any Director may be removed from office with or without cause only by the
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>combined voting power of the then outstanding
shares of stock</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>shares then</B></FONT>
<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">entitled to vote </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>generally in</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>on</B></FONT>
<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">the election of </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Directors voting together as a single class</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>directors</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">f.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Stockholder Action</U>. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the Corporation
must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of such holders and may not be effected by any consent in writing by such
holders. Except as otherwise required by law, special meetings of stockholders of the Corporation may be called only by the Chairman of
the Board, the President or the Board of Directors pursuant to a resolution approved by a majority of the entire Board of Directors. </FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">g.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>By-Law Amendments</U>. The Board of Directors shall have power to make, alter, amend and repeal the
By-Laws (except so far as the By-Laws adopted by the stockholders shall otherwise provide). Any By-Laws made by the Directors under the
powers conferred hereby may be altered, amended or repealed by the Directors or by the stockholders. Notwithstanding the foregoing and
anything contained in this </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Amended and Restated </STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Certificate
of Incorporation to the contrary, Sections 1, 2 and 3 of Article II of the By-Laws shall not be altered, amended or repealed and no provision
inconsistent therewith shall be adopted without the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 80% of the voting power of all the shares
of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of Directors, voting together as a single class and Sections 1, 2 and 3
of Article III of the By-Laws shall not be altered, amended or repealed and no provision inconsistent therewith shall be adopted without
the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the voting power of all shares of the Corporation entitled to vote generally
in the election of Directors, voting together as a single class.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>h.</U></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Amendment, Repeal</U>. Notwithstanding anything contained in this </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Amended
and Restated </STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Certificate of Incorporation to the contrary, the affirmative vote of the holders
of at least 80% of the voting power of all shares of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of Directors, voting together
as a single class, shall be required to alter, amend, or adopt any provision inconsistent with, or repeal, Article&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>9</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>8</B></FONT>
<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">a., c., d., f., g., or h.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in"><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>10</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>9</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">.</FONT>&#9;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)
Vote Required for Certain Business Combinations.</FONT></P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">A.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Higher Vote for Certain Business Combinations</U>. In addition to any affirmative vote required by
law or this </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Amended and Restated </STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Certificate of
Incorporation, and except as otherwise expressly provided herein:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">any merger or consolidation of the Corporation or any Subsidiary (as hereinafter defined) with (a) any
Interested Stockholder (as hereinafter defined) or (b) any other corporation (whether or not itself an Interested Stockholder) which is,
or after such merger or consolidation would be, an Affiliate (as hereinafter defined) of an Interested Stockholder; or</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">any sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition (in one transaction or a
series of transactions) to or with any Interested Stockholder or any Affiliate of any Interested Stockholder of any assets of the Corporation
or any Subsidiary having an aggregate Fair Market Value of $10 million or more; or</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">the issuance or transfer by the Corporation or any Subsidiary (in one transaction or series of transactions)
of any securities of the Corporation or any subsidiary to any Interested Stockholder or to any Affiliate of any Interested Stockholder
in exchange for cash, securities or other property (or a combination thereof) having an aggregate Fair Market Value of $10 million or
more; or</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">4.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">the adoption of any plan or proposal for the liquidation or dissolution of the Corporation proposed
by or on behalf of any Interested Stockholder or any Affiliate of any Interested Stockholder; or</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">any reclassification of securities (including any reverse stock split), or recapitalization of the Corporation,
or any merger or consolidation of the Corporation with any of its Subsidiaries or any other transaction (whether or not with or into or
otherwise involving an Interested Stockholder) which has the effect, directly or indirectly, of increasing the proportionate share of
the outstanding shares of any class of Equity Security (as hereinafter defined) of the Corporation or any Subsidiary which is directly
or indirectly owned by any Interested Stockholder or any Affiliate of any Interested Stockholder; shall require the affirmative vote of
the holders of at least 80% of the voting power of the then outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally
in the election of</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1.5in">directors (the &#8220;Voting Stock&#8221;), voting together
as a single class (it being understood that for the purposes of Article <FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>10</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>9</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">,
each share of the Voting Stock shall have one vote). Such affirmative vote shall be required notwithstanding the fact that no vote may
be required, or that a lesser percentage may be specified, by law or in any agreement with any national securities exchange or otherwise.</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">B.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Definition of &#8220;Business Combination</U>&#8221;. The term &#8220;Business Combination&#8221;
used in this Article&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>10</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>9</B></FONT>
<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">shall mean any transaction which is referred to in any one or more of clauses (1) through (5) of Paragraph
A hereof.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.4in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>When Higher Vote is Not Required</U>. The provisions of Article&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>10</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>9</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)
shall not be applicable to any particular Business Combination, and such Business Combination shall require only such affirmative vote
as is required by law and any other provision of this </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Amended and Restated </STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Certificate
of Incorporation, if all of the conditions specified in either of the following Paragraphs A and B are met:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">A.</TD><TD><U>Approval by Disinterested Directors</U>. The Business Combination shall have been approved by majority of the Disinterested Directors
(as hereinafter defined).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">B.</TD><TD><U>Price and Procedure Requirements</U>. All of the following conditions shall have been met:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">i.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The aggregate amount of the cash and the Fair Market Value (as hereinafter defined) as of the date of
the consummation of the Business Combination of consideration other than cash to be received per share by holders of Common Stock in such
Business Combination shall be at least equal to the higher of the following:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 2in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">a.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(if applicable) the highest per share price (including any brokerage commissions, transfer taxes and
soliciting dealers&#8217; fees) paid by the Interested Stockholder for any shares of Common Stock acquired by it (1) within the two-year
period immediately prior to the first public announcement of the terms of the proposed Business Combination (the &#8220;Announcement Date&#8221;)
or (2) in the transaction in which it became an Interested Stockholder, whichever is higher; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 2in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">b.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the Announcement Date or on the date on which the
Interested Stockholder became an Interested Stockholder (such latter date is referred to in this Paragraph </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>10</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>9</B></FONT>
<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">as the &#8220;Determination Date&#8221;), whichever is higher.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">ii.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The aggregate amount of the cash and the Fair Market Value as of the date of the consummation of the
Business Combination of consideration other than cash to be received per share by holders of shares of any other class of outstanding
Voting Stock shall be at least equal to the higher of the following:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 2in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">a.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(if applicable) the highest per share price (including any brokerage commissions, transfer taxes and
soliciting dealers&#8217; fees) paid by the Interested Stockholder for any shares of Common Stock acquired by it (1) within the two-year
period immediately prior to the Announcement Date or (2) in the transaction in which it became an Interested Stockholder, whichever is
higher; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 2in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">b.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">the Fair Market Value per share of such class of Voting Stock on the Announcement Date or on the Determination
Date, whichever is higher.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">iii.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The consideration to be received by holders of Voting Stock shall be in cash or in the same form as
the Interested Stockholder has previously paid for shares of such class of Voting Stock. If the Interested Stockholder has paid for any
Voting Stock with varying forms of consideration, the form of consideration for such Voting Stock shall be either cash or the form used
to acquire the largest number of shares of such Voting Stock previously acquired by it. The price determined in accordance with paragraphs
B(i) and B(ii) of this Article&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>10</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>9</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)
shall be subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of any stock dividend, stock split, combination of shares or similar event.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">iv.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">After such Interested Stockholder has become an Interested Stockholder and prior to the consummation
of such Business Combinations: (a) there shall have been (1) no reduction in the annual rate of dividends paid on the Common Stock (except
as necessary to reflect any subdivision of the Common Stock), except as approved by a majority of the Disinterested Directors, and (2)
an increase in such annual rate of dividends as necessary to reflect any reclassification (including any reverse stock split), recapitalization,
reorganization or any similar transaction which has the effect of reducing the number of outstanding shares of the Common Stock, unless
the failure so to increase such annual rate is approved by a majority of the Disinterested Directors; and (b) such Interested Stockholder
shall have not become the beneficial owner of any additional shares of Voting Stock except as part of the transaction which results in
such Interested Stockholder becoming an Interested Stockholder.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.4in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Certain Definitions</U>. For the purpose of this Article&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>10</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>9</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">A.</TD><TD>A &#8220;person&#8221; shall mean any individual, firm, corporation or other entity.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">B.</TD><TD>&#8220;Interested Stockholder&#8221; shall mean any person (other than the Corporation or any Subsidiary) who or which:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">i.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">is the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of 5% or more of the voting power of the outstanding
Voting Stock; or </FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">ii.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">is an Affiliate of the Corporation and at any time within the two-year period immediately prior to the
date in question was the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of 5% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding Voting Stock;
or </FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">iii.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">is an assignee of or has otherwise succeeded to any shares of Voting Stock which were at any time within
the two-year period immediately prior to the date in question beneficially owned by any Interested Stockholder, if such assignment or
succession shall have occurred in the course of a transaction or series of transactions not involving a public offering within the meaning
of the Securities Act of 1933.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">C.</TD><TD>A person shall be a &#8220;beneficial owner&#8221; of any Voting Stock:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">i.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">which such person or any of its Affiliates or Associates (as hereinafter defined) beneficially owns
directly or indirectly; or </FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">ii.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">which such person or any of its Affiliates or Associates has (a) the right to acquire (whether such
right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time), pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding or upon the
exercise of conversion rights, exchange rights, warrants or options, or otherwise, or (b) the right to vote pursuant to any agreement,
arrangement or understanding; or </FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">iii.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">which are beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by any other person with which such person or
any of its Affiliates or Associates has any agreement, arrangement or understanding for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting or disposing
of any shares of Voting Stock.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">D.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">For the purpose of determining whether a person is an interested Stockholder pursuant to paragraph B
of this Article </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>10</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>9</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c),
the number of shares of Voting Stock deemed to be outstanding shall include shares deemed owned through application of paragraph C of
the Article </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>10</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>9</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)
but shall not include any other shares of Voting Stock which may be issuable pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding,
or upon exercise of conversion rights, warrants or options, or otherwise.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">E.</TD><TD>&#8220;Affiliate&#8221; or &#8220;Associate&#8221; shall have the respective meanings ascribed to such terms in Rule 12b-2 of the
General Rules and Regulations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as in effect on January 1, 1985.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">F.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8220;Subsidiary&#8221; means any corporation of which a majority of any class of Equity Security is
owned, directly or indirectly, by the Corporation, provided, however, that for the purposes of the definition of Interested Stockholder
set forth in paragraph B of this Article&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>10</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>9</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c),
the term &#8220;Subsidiary&#8221; shall mean only a corporation of which a majority of each class of Equity Security is owned, directly
or indirectly, by the Corporation.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">G.</TD><TD>&#8220;Disinterested Director&#8221; means any member of the Board of Directors who is unaffiliated with the Interested Stockholder
and was a member of the Board of Directors prior to the time that the Interested Stockholder became an Interested Stockholder, and any
successor of a Disinterested Director who is unaffiliated with the Interested Stockholder and is recommended to succeed a Disinterested
Director by a majority of Disinterested Directors then on the Board of Directors.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">H.</TD><TD>&#8220;Fair Market Value&#8221; means: (i) in the case of stock, the highest closing bid quotation with respect to a share of such
stock during the 30-day period preceding the date in question on the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. Automated Quotation
System or any system then in use, or, if such stock is then listed on an exchange, the highest closing sale price during the 30-day period
immediately preceding the date in question of a share of such stock on the Composition Tape for New York Stock Exchange--Listed Stocks,
or, if such stock is not quoted on the Composite Tape, on the New York Stock Exchange, or, if such stock is not listed on such Exchange,
on the principal United States securities exchange registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 on which such stock is listed,
or, if such stock is not listed on any such exchange or quoted as aforesaid, the fair market value on the date in question of a share
of such stock as determined by the Board of Directors in good faith; and (ii) in the case of property other than cash or stock, the fair
market value of such property on the date in question as determined by the Board of Directors, in good faith.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">I.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">In the event of any Business Combination in which the Corporation survives, the phrase &#8220;consideration
other than cash to be received&#8221; as used in paragraphs B(i) and (ii) of Article&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>10</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>9</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)
shall include the shares of Common Stock retained by the holders of such shares.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">J.</TD><TD>&#8220;Equity Security&#8221; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section&nbsp;3(a)(11) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as in effect on January 1, 1985.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Powers of the Board of Directors</U>. A majority of the Directors shall have the power and duty to
determine for the purposes of this Article&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>10</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>9</B></FONT>
<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">on the basis of information known to them after reasonable inquiry, (A) whether a person is an Interested
Stockholder, (B) the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by any person, (C) whether a person is an Affiliate or Associate
of another (D) whether the assets which are the subject of any Business Combination have, or the consideration to be received for an issuance
of transfer of securities by the Corporation or any Subsidiary in any Business Combination has, or an issuance or transfer of securities
by the Corporation or any Subsidiary in any Business Combination has, an aggregate Fair Market Value of $10 million or more. A majority
of the Directors shall have the further power to interpret all of the terms and provisions of this Article&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>10</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>9</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>No Effect on Fiduciary Obligations of Interested Shareholders</U>. Nothing contained in this Article&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>10</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>9</B></FONT>
<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">shall be construed to relieve any Interested Stockholder from any fiduciary obligation imposed by law.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(f)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>Amendment, Repeal, etc.</U> Notwithstanding any other provisions of this </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Amended
and Restated </STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Certificate of Incorporation or the By-Laws (and notwithstanding the fact that
a lesser percentage may be specified by law, this </FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>Amended and Restated </STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Certificate
of Incorporation or the By-Laws) the affirmative vote of the holders of 80% or more of the outstanding Voting Stock, voting together as
a single class, shall be required to amend or repeal, or adopt any provisions inconsistent with this Article&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>10</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>9</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>11.</STRIKE></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>No</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>10.</B></FONT>&#9;<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>To
the fullest extent permitted under the DGCL, no</B></FONT> <FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">director <FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>or
officer </B></FONT>of the Corporation shall be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach
of fiduciary duty by such director as a director; provided, however, that this Article&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>11</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>10</B></FONT>
<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">shall not eliminate or limit the liability of a director <FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>or
officer </B></FONT>to the extent provided by applicable law (i) for any breach of the director&#8217;s <FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>or
officer&#8217;s </B></FONT>duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which
involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) under section 174 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware,
or (iv) for any transaction from which the director <FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>or officer </B></FONT>derived
an improper personal benefit. No amendment to or repeal of this Article&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>11</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>10</B></FONT>
<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">shall apply to or have any effect on the liability or alleged liability of any director of the Corporation
for or with respect to any acts or omissions of such director <FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>or officer
</B></FONT>occurring prior to such amendment or repeal.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>12.</STRIKE></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation shall be effective as of 5:00 p.m. Eastern
Standard Time on September 1, 2006.</STRIKE></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation
has caused this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be executed this </FONT>31st <FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">day of
</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>August</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>July</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">,
</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>2006</STRIKE></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double; color: blue"><B>2025</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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  <TD>&#160;</TD>
  <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: underline double Blue; color: Blue"><B>AVIS
  BUDGET GROUP, INC.</B></FONT></TD>
  <TD>&#160;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD STYLE="width: 55%">&#160;</TD>
  <TD STYLE="width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double Blue; color: Blue"><B></B></FONT></TD>
  <TD STYLE="width: 30%"><FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double Blue; color: Blue"><B></B></FONT></TD>
  <TD STYLE="width: 10%">&#160;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&#160;</TD>
  <TD><FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double Blue; color: Blue"><B></B></FONT></TD>
  <TD><FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double Blue; color: Blue"><B></B></FONT></TD>
  <TD>&#160;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
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  <TD><FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double Blue; color: Blue"><B>By:</B></FONT></TD>
  <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double Blue; color: Blue"><B>/s/ Jean M. Sera</B></FONT></TD>
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  <TD><FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double Blue; color: Blue"><B>Jean M. Sera</B></FONT></TD>
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  <TD>&#160;</TD>
  <TD><FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double Blue; color: Blue"><B>Title:</B></FONT></TD>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>CENDANT CORPORATION</STRIKE></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
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  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
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    <TD STYLE="width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="color: red"><STRIKE>By:</STRIKE></FONT></TD>
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    <TD><FONT STYLE="color: red">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 10pt 0pt 24pt 4in; text-indent: 0pt"></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; color: blue"><FONT STYLE="text-decoration: underline double"><B>[Signature
Page to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation]</B></FONT></P>

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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Primary SIC Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CountryRegion" xlink:to="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="dei_Extension" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Extension" xlink:to="dei_Extension_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:to="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:to="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:to="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:to="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:to="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Small Business</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:to="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Accounting Standard</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:to="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Reporting Standard Item Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Shell Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:to="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>6
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<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.25.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2025</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jul. 31,  2025<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-10308<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">Avis Budget Group, Inc.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000723612<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">06-0918165<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">379 Interpace Parkway<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Parsippany<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">NJ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">07054<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">973<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">496-4700<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, par value $0.01<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">CAR<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period. The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14a<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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