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Derivative Financial Instruments (Text Block) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2016
General Discussion of Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities [Abstract] |
Derivative Financial Instruments [Text Block] | Derivative Financial Instruments As part of our risk management strategy, we use derivative instruments to hedge certain foreign currency and interest rate exposures. Refer to Note 1, Note 14, and Note 15 for additional disclosures on our derivative instruments. The fair values of our derivative instruments are determined using the income approach and significant other observable inputs (also known as “Level 2”). We have used observable market inputs based on the type of derivative and the nature of the underlying instrument. The key inputs include interest rate yield curves (swap rates and futures) and foreign exchange spot and forward rates, all of which are available in an active market. We have utilized the mid-market pricing convention for these inputs. We include, as a discount to the derivative asset, the effect of our counterparty credit risk based on current published credit default swap rates when the net fair value of our derivative instruments is in a net asset position. We consider our own nonperformance risk when the net fair value of our derivative instruments is in a net liability position by discounting our derivative liabilities to reflect the potential credit risk to our counterparty through applying a current market indicative credit spread to all cash flows. The fair values of our derivative instruments are as follows:
|  |  |  | Fair Value
|  | Balance Sheet Location |  | December 31, 2016 |  | December 31, 2015
|  |  |  | (in thousands)
Asset Derivatives |  |  |  |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815-20 |  |  |  |
Interest rate cap contracts |  | Other current assets |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | — |
Interest rate swap contracts |  | Other long-term assets |  | 1,830 |  |  | 1,632 |
Interest rate cap contracts |  | Other long-term assets |  | 376 |  |  | 1,423 |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815-20 |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange forward contracts |  | Other current assets |  | 169 |  |  | 27 |
Interest rate cap contracts |  | Other current assets |  | 4 |  |  | — |
Interest rate cap contracts |  | Other long-term assets |  | 563 |  |  | — |
Total asset derivatives |  |  |  | $ | 2,945 |  |  | $ | 3,082 |
Liability Derivatives |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815-20 |  |  |  |
Interest rate swap contracts |  | Other current liabilities |  | $ | 934 |  |  | $ | 868 |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815-20 |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange forward contracts |  | Other current liabilities |  | 449 |  |  | 99 |
Total liability derivatives |  |  |  | $ | 1,383 |  |  | $ | 967 |
OCI during the reporting period for our derivative and nonderivative instruments designated as hedging instruments, net of tax, was as follows:
| 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
| (in thousands)
Net unrealized gain (loss) on hedging instruments at January 1, | $ | (14,062 | ) |  | $ | (15,148 | ) |  | $ | (15,636 | )
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments | (1,087 | ) |  | 76 |  |  | (566 | )
Realized (gains) losses reclassified into net income (loss) | 812 |  |  | 1,010 |  |  | 1,054 |
Net unrealized gain (loss) on hedging instruments at December 31, | $ | (14,337 | ) |  | $ | (14,062 | ) |  | $ | (15,148 | )
Reclassification of amounts related to hedging instruments are included in interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014. Included in the net unrealized loss on hedging instruments at December 31, 2016 and 2015 is a loss of $14.4 million, net of tax, related to our nonderivative net investment hedge, which terminated in 2011. This loss on our net investment hedge will remain in AOCI until such time when earnings are impacted by a sale or liquidation of the associated foreign operation. A summary of the potential effect of netting arrangements on our financial position related to the offsetting of our recognized derivative assets and liabilities under master netting arrangements or similar agreements is as follows:
Offsetting of Derivative Assets |  |  |  |  |
|  |  | Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets |  |
| Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets |  | Derivative Financial Instruments |  | Cash Collateral Received |  | Net Amount
| (in thousands)
December 31, 2016 | $ | 2,945 |  |  | $ | (1,322 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,623 |
December 31, 2015 | $ | 3,082 |  |  | $ | (565 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,517 |
Offsetting of Derivative Liabilities |  |  |  |  |
|  |  | Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets |  |
| Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets |  | Derivative Financial Instruments |  | Cash Collateral Pledged |  | Net Amount
| (in thousands)
December 31, 2016 | $ | 1,383 |  |  | $ | (1,322 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 61 |
December 31, 2015 | $ | 967 |  |  | $ | (565 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 402 |
Our derivative assets and liabilities subject to netting arrangements consist of foreign exchange forward and interest rate contracts with three counterparties at December 31, 2016 and nine counterparties at December 31, 2015. No derivative asset or liability balance with any of our counterparties was individually significant at December 31, 2016 or 2015. Our derivative contracts with each of these counterparties exist under agreements that provide for the net settlement of all contracts through a single payment in a single currency in the event of default. We have no pledges of cash collateral against our obligations nor have we received pledges of cash collateral from our counterparties under the associated derivative contracts. Cash Flow Hedges As a result of our floating rate debt, we are exposed to variability in our cash flows from changes in the applicable interest rate index. We enter into swaps to achieve a fixed rate of interest on the hedged portion of debt in order to decrease this variability in our cash flows. The objective of these swaps is to reduce the variability of cash flows from increases in the LIBOR-based borrowing rates on our floating rate credit facility. The swaps do not protect us from changes to the applicable margin under our credit facility. In May 2012, we entered into six interest rate swaps, which were effective July 31, 2013 and expired on August 8, 2016, to convert $200 million of our LIBOR based debt from a floating LIBOR interest rate to a fixed interest rate of 1.00% (excluding the applicable margin on the debt). The cash flow hedges were expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting cash flows attributable to the hedged risk through the term of the hedge. Consequently, effective changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps were recognized as a component of OCI and recognized in earnings when the hedged item affected earnings. The amounts paid on the hedges were recognized as adjustments to interest expense. In October 2015, we entered into an interest rate swap, which is effective from August 31, 2016 to June 23, 2020, and converts $214 million of our LIBOR based debt from a floating LIBOR interest rate to a fixed interest rate of 1.42% (excluding the applicable margin on the debt). The notional balance will amortize to maturity at the same rate as required minimum payments on our term loan. The cash flow hedge is expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting cash flows attributable to the hedged risk through the term of the hedge. Consequently, effective changes in the fair value of the interest rate swap is recognized as a component of OCI and will be recognized in earnings when the hedged item affects earnings. The amounts paid or received on the hedge are recognized as an adjustment to interest expense. The amount of net losses expected to be reclassified into earnings in the next 12 months is $0.9 million. At December 31, 2016, our LIBOR-based debt balance was $248.1 million. In November 2015, we entered into three interest rate cap contracts with a total notional amount of $100 million at a cost of $1.7 million. The interest rate cap contracts expire on June 23, 2020 and were entered into in order to limit our interest rate exposure on $100 million of our variable LIBOR based debt up to 2.00%. In the event LIBOR is higher than 2.00%, we will pay interest at the capped rate of 2.00% with respect to the $100 million notional amount of such agreements. The interest rate cap contracts do not include the effect of the applicable margin. As of December 31, 2016, due to the accelerated revolver payments from surplus cash, we have elected to de-designate two of the interest rate cap contracts as cash flow hedges and discontinue the use of cash flow hedge accounting. The amounts recognized in AOCI from de-designated interest rate cap contracts will continue to be reported in AOCI unless it is not probable that the forecasted transactions will occur. As a result of the discontinuance of cash flow hedge accounting, all subsequent changes in fair value of the de-designated derivative instruments are recognized within interest expense instead of OCI. The amount of net losses expected to be reclassified into earnings for all interest rate cap contracts in the next 12 months is $0.2 million. The before-tax effects of our cash flow derivative hedging instruments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31 are as follows:
Derivatives in ASC 815 Cash Flow Hedging Relationships |  | Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion) |  | Loss Reclassified from AOCI into Income (Effective Portion) |  | Loss Recognized in Income on Derivative (Ineffective Portion)
Location |  | Amount |  | Location |  | Amount
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  |  |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  |  |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  | (in thousands) |  |  |  | (in thousands) |  |  |  | (in thousands)
Interest rate swap contracts |  | $ | (1,163 | ) |  | $ | 367 |  |  | $ | (915 | ) |  | Interest expense |  | $ | (1,296 | ) |  | $ | (1,639 | ) |  | $ | (1,704 | ) |  | Interest expense |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Interest rate cap contracts |  | $ | (605 | ) |  | $ | (244 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | Interest expense |  | $ | (27 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | Interest expense |  | $ | (1 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Relationships We are also exposed to foreign exchange risk when we enter into non-functional currency transactions, both intercompany and third-party. At each period-end, non-functional currency monetary assets and liabilities are revalued with the change recognized to other income and expense. We enter into monthly foreign exchange forward contracts, which are not designated for hedge accounting, with the intent to reduce earnings volatility associated with currency exposures. As of December 31, 2016, a total of 49 contracts were offsetting our exposures from the euro, Canadian dollar, Indonesian Rupiah, South African rand, Indian Rupee, Chinese Yuan, and various other currencies, with notional amounts ranging from $120,000 to $42.3 million. The before-tax effects of our derivatives not designated as hedging instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31 are as follows:
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instrument under ASC 815 |  | Location |  | Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative
|  |  |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
|  |  |  | (in thousands)
Foreign exchange forward contracts |  | Other income (expense), net |  | $ | 537 |  |  | $ | (3,145 | ) |  | $ | (5,248 | )
Interest rate cap contracts |  | Interest expense |  | $ | 129 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
We will continue to monitor and assess our interest rate and foreign exchange risk and may institute additional derivative instruments to manage such risk in the future.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for derivative instruments and hedging activities including, but not limited to, risk management strategies, non-hedging derivative instruments, assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and methodologies and assumptions used in determining the amounts. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 30 -Section 45 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6441202&loc=d3e80720-113993 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4C -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5624171-113959 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=d3e41620-113959 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4B -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5624163-113959 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5579240-113959 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4D -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5624177-113959 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 30 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35736893&loc=d3e80784-113994 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 5 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=d3e41641-113959 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1A -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5579245-113959 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4H -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5624258-113959 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 30 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35736893&loc=d3e80748-113994 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4K -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5708775-113959 Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4J -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5708773-113959 Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4A -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5618551-113959 Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1B -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5580258-113959 Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4E -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=SL5624181-113959 Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 25 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6886632&loc=d3e76258-113986 Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 815 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=64837297&loc=d3e41638-113959 Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(n)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=26873400&loc=d3e23780-122690 + Details
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