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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022
OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission file number 000-22418
ITRON, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Washington |  | 91-1011792
(State of Incorporation) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2111 N Molter Road, Liberty Lake, Washington 99019
(509) 924-9900
(Address and telephone number of registrant's principal executive offices)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Trading Symbol(s) |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, no par value |  | ITRI |  | NASDAQ Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

| Large accelerated filer | ☒ |  | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ |  | Smaller reporting company | ☐ |
|  |  |  | Emerging growth company | ☐ |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of October 31, 2022, there were outstanding 45,177,993 shares of the registrant's common stock, no par value, which is the only class of common stock of the registrant.

Table of Contents
Itron, Inc.
Table of Contents

| Page
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1: Financial Statements (Unaudited) |
Consolidated Statements of Operations | 1
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) | 2
Consolidated Balance Sheets | 3
Consolidated Statements of Equity | 4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 5
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 6
Item 2: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 30
Item 3: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 49
Item 4: Controls and Procedures | 50
PART II: OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1: Legal Proceedings | 51
Item 1A: Risk Factors | 51
Item 2: Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 51
Item 5: Other Information | 51
Item 6: Exhibits | 52
SIGNATURE | 53

Table of Contents
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1: Financial Statements (Unaudited)
ITRON, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(UNAUDITED)

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands, except per share data | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Product revenues | $ | 347,791 |  |  | $ | 410,947 |  |  | $ | 1,107,499 |  |  | $ | 1,265,470 |
Service revenues | 73,069 |  |  | 76,002 |  |  | 220,574 |  |  | 230,465 |
Total revenues | 420,860 |  |  | 486,949 |  |  | 1,328,073 |  |  | 1,495,935 |
Cost of revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Product cost of revenues | 258,541 |  |  | 306,168 |  |  | 818,639 |  |  | 908,923 |
Service cost of revenues | 42,257 |  |  | 45,818 |  |  | 128,043 |  |  | 135,130 |
Total cost of revenues | 300,798 |  |  | 351,986 |  |  | 946,682 |  |  | 1,044,053 |
Gross profit | 120,062 |  |  | 134,963 |  |  | 381,391 |  |  | 451,882 |
Operating expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales, general and administrative | 63,446 |  |  | 71,838 |  |  | 212,724 |  |  | 221,974 |
Research and development | 43,820 |  |  | 46,889 |  |  | 138,471 |  |  | 147,379 |
Amortization of intangible assets | 6,413 |  |  | 8,944 |  |  | 19,451 |  |  | 26,914 |
Restructuring | (1,272) |  |  | 958 |  |  | (11,097) |  |  | (830) |
Loss on sale of business | 767 |  |  | 2,171 |  |  | 3,182 |  |  | 28,274 |
Goodwill impairment | — |  |  | — |  |  | 38,480 |  |  | — |
Total operating expenses | 113,174 |  |  | 130,800 |  |  | 401,211 |  |  | 423,711 |
Operating income (loss) | 6,888 |  |  | 4,163 |  |  | (19,820) |  |  | 28,171 |
Other income (expense) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income | 801 |  |  | 352 |  |  | 1,367 |  |  | 1,326 |
Interest expense | (1,679) |  |  | (2,628) |  |  | (4,931) |  |  | (27,107) |
Other income (expense), net | (1,065) |  |  | (1,761) |  |  | (3,140) |  |  | (16,684) |
Total other income (expense) | (1,943) |  |  | (4,037) |  |  | (6,704) |  |  | (42,465) |
Income (loss) before income taxes | 4,945 |  |  | 126 |  |  | (26,524) |  |  | (14,294) |
Income tax provision | (473) |  |  | (1,136) |  |  | (4,973) |  |  | (5,581) |
Net income (loss) | 4,472 |  |  | (1,010) |  |  | (31,497) |  |  | (19,875) |
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | 355 |  |  | 859 |  |  | 447 |  |  | 2,514 |
Net income (loss) attributable to Itron, Inc. | $ | 4,117 |  |  | $ | (1,869) |  |  | $ | (31,944) |  |  | $ | (22,389) |
Net income (loss) per common share - Basic | $ | 0.09 |  |  | $ | (0.04) |  |  | $ | (0.71) |  |  | $ | (0.51) |
Net income (loss) per common share - Diluted | $ | 0.09 |  |  | $ | (0.04) |  |  | $ | (0.71) |  |  | $ | (0.51) |
Weighted average common shares outstanding - Basic | 45,139 |  |  | 45,240 |  |  | 45,075 |  |  | 43,983 |
Weighted average common shares outstanding - Diluted | 45,330 |  |  | 45,240 |  |  | 45,075 |  |  | 43,983 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
1

Table of Contents
ITRON, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(UNAUDITED)

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Net income (loss) | $ | 4,472 |  |  | $ | (1,010) |  |  | $ | (31,497) |  |  | $ | (19,875) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | (28,197) |  |  | (7,764) |  |  | (55,716) |  |  | (17,118) |
Foreign currency translation adjustment reclassified to net income (loss) for sale or disposal of business | 1,885 |  |  | — |  |  | 57,321 |  |  | — |
Net unrealized gain on derivative instruments, designated as cash flow hedges | — |  |  | 510 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,818 |
Pension benefit obligation adjustment | 196 |  |  | 687 |  |  | 4,672 |  |  | 2,087 |
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | (26,116) |  |  | (6,567) |  |  | 6,277 |  |  | (13,213) |
Total comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | (21,644) |  |  | (7,577) |  |  | (25,220) |  |  | (33,088) |
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax | 355 |  |  | 859 |  |  | 447 |  |  | 2,514 |
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Itron, Inc. | $ | (21,999) |  |  | $ | (8,436) |  |  | $ | (25,667) |  |  | $ | (35,602) |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
2

Table of Contents
ITRON, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(UNAUDITED)

In thousands | September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
ASSETS |  |  |
Current assets |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 215,413 |  |  | $ | 162,579 |
Accounts receivable, net | 266,669 |  |  | 298,459 |
Inventories | 203,612 |  |  | 165,799 |
Other current assets | 122,948 |  |  | 123,092 |
Total current assets | 808,642 |  |  | 749,929 |
Property, plant, and equipment, net | 138,768 |  |  | 163,184 |
Deferred tax assets, net | 188,728 |  |  | 181,472 |
Other long-term assets | 44,433 |  |  | 42,178 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net | 54,814 |  |  | 65,523 |
Intangible assets, net | 70,346 |  |  | 92,529 |
Goodwill | 1,011,051 |  |  | 1,098,975 |
Total assets | $ | 2,316,782 |  |  | $ | 2,393,790 |
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY |  |  |
Current liabilities |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 235,812 |  |  | $ | 193,129 |
Other current liabilities | 46,555 |  |  | 81,253 |
Wages and benefits payable | 77,613 |  |  | 113,532 |
Taxes payable | 13,663 |  |  | 12,208 |
Current portion of warranty | 17,943 |  |  | 18,406 |
Unearned revenue | 110,531 |  |  | 82,816 |
Total current liabilities | 502,117 |  |  | 501,344 |
Long-term debt, net | 451,947 |  |  | 450,228 |
Long-term warranty | 7,515 |  |  | 13,616 |
Pension benefit obligation | 71,111 |  |  | 87,863 |
Deferred tax liabilities, net | 1,723 |  |  | 2,000 |
Operating lease liabilities | 47,147 |  |  | 57,314 |
Other long-term obligations | 118,049 |  |  | 138,666 |
Total liabilities | 1,199,609 |  |  | 1,251,031 |
Equity |  |  |
Preferred stock, no par value, 10,000 shares authorized, no shares issued or outstanding | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, no par value, 75,000 shares authorized, 45,154 and 45,152 shares issued and outstanding | 1,783,193 |  |  | 1,779,775 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net | (141,821) |  |  | (148,098) |
Accumulated deficit | (547,544) |  |  | (515,600) |
Total Itron, Inc. shareholders' equity | 1,093,828 |  |  | 1,116,077 |
Noncontrolling interests | 23,345 |  |  | 26,682 |
Total equity | 1,117,173 |  |  | 1,142,759 |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 2,316,782 |  |  | $ | 2,393,790 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
3

Table of Contents
ITRON, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
(UNAUDITED)

| Common Stock |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Total Itron, Inc. Shareholders' Equity |  | Noncontrolling Interests |  | Total Equity
In thousands | Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |  |
Balances at January 1, 2022 | 45,152 |  |  | $ | 1,779,775 |  |  | $ | (148,098) |  |  | $ | (515,600) |  |  | $ | 1,116,077 |  |  | $ | 26,682 |  |  | $ | 1,142,759 |
Net income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 906 |  |  | 906 |  |  | (10) |  |  | 896 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |  |  |  |  | 52,815 |  |  |  |  | 52,815 |  |  |  |  | 52,815 |
Net stock issued and repurchased | 165 |  |  | 784 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 784 |  |  |  |  | 784 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | 6,127 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6,127 |  |  |  |  | 6,127 |
Stock repurchased program | (280) |  |  | (16,629) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (16,629) |  |  |  |  | (16,629) |
Balances at March 31, 2022 | 45,037 |  | 1,770,057 |  |  | (95,283) |  |  | (514,694) |  |  | 1,160,080 |  |  | 26,672 |  |  | 1,186,752 |
Net income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (36,967) |  |  | (36,967) |  |  | 102 |  |  | (36,865) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |  |  |  |  | (20,422) |  |  |  |  | (20,422) |  |  |  |  | (20,422) |
Distributions to noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (3,784) |  |  | (3,784) |
Net stock issued and repurchased | 33 |  |  | 1,014 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,014 |  |  |  |  | 1,014 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | 6,405 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6,405 |  |  |  |  | 6,405 |
Balances at June 30, 2022 | 45,070 |  |  | 1,777,476 |  |  | (115,705) |  |  | (551,661) |  |  | 1,110,110 |  |  | 22,990 |  |  | 1,133,100 |
Net income |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,117 |  |  | 4,117 |  |  | 355 |  |  | 4,472 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |  |  |  |  | (26,116) |  |  |  |  | (26,116) |  |  |  |  | (26,116) |
Net stock issued and repurchased | 84 |  |  | 833 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 833 |  |  |  |  | 833 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | 4,884 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,884 |  |  |  |  | 4,884 |
Balances at September 30, 2022 | 45,154 |  |  | $ | 1,783,193 |  |  | $ | (141,821) |  |  | $ | (547,544) |  |  | $ | 1,093,828 |  |  | $ | 23,345 |  |  | $ | 1,117,173 |

| Common Stock |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Total Itron, Inc. Shareholders' Equity |  | Noncontrolling Interests |  | Total Equity
In thousands | Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |  |
Balances at January 1, 2021 | 40,444 |  |  | $ | 1,389,419 |  |  | $ | (138,526) |  |  | $ | (434,345) |  |  | $ | 816,548 |  |  | $ | 23,725 |  |  | $ | 840,273 |
Net income |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12,603 |  |  | 12,603 |  |  | 977 |  |  | 13,580 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |  |  |  |  | (11,783) |  |  |  |  | (11,783) |  |  |  |  | (11,783) |
Net stock issued and repurchased | 206 |  |  | 2,009 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,009 |  |  |  |  | 2,009 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | 6,270 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6,270 |  |  |  |  | 6,270 |
Stock issued related to equity offering | 4,472 |  |  | 389,419 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 389,419 |  |  |  |  | 389,419 |
Proceeds from sale of warrants |  |  | 45,349 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 45,349 |  |  |  |  | 45,349 |
Purchases of convertible note hedge contracts, net of tax |  |  | (63,576) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (63,576) |  |  |  |  | (63,576) |
Registration fee |  |  | (373) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (373) |  |  |  |  | (373) |
Balances at March 31, 2021 | 45,122 |  | 1,768,517 |  |  | (150,309) |  |  | (421,742) |  |  | 1,196,466 |  |  | 24,702 |  |  | 1,221,168 |
Net income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (33,123) |  |  | (33,123) |  |  | 678 |  |  | (32,445) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |  |  |  |  | 5,137 |  |  |  |  | 5,137 |  |  |  |  | 5,137 |
Net stock issued and repurchased | 28 |  |  | 458 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 458 |  |  |  |  | 458 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | 6,316 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6,316 |  |  |  |  | 6,316 |
Registration fee |  |  | 24 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 24 |  |  |  |  | 24 |
Balances at June 30, 2021 | 45,150 |  |  | 1,775,315 |  |  | (145,172) |  |  | (454,865) |  |  | 1,175,278 |  |  | 25,380 |  |  | 1,200,658 |
Net income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (1,869) |  |  | (1,869) |  |  | 859 |  |  | (1,010) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |  |  |  |  | (6,567) |  |  |  |  | (6,567) |  |  |  |  | (6,567) |
Net stock issued and repurchased | 110 |  |  | 1,080 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,080 |  |  |  |  | 1,080 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | 5,665 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5,665 |  |  |  |  | 5,665 |
Balances at September 30, 2021 | 45,260 |  |  | $ | 1,782,060 |  |  | $ | (151,739) |  |  | $ | (456,734) |  |  | $ | 1,173,587 |  |  | $ | 26,239 |  |  | $ | 1,199,826 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
4

Table of Contents
ITRON, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021
Operating activities |  |  |
Net loss | $ | (31,497) |  |  | $ | (19,875) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets | 50,612 |  |  | 64,252 |
Non-cash operating lease expense | 12,250 |  |  | 12,962 |
Stock-based compensation | 17,416 |  |  | 18,251 |
Amortization of prepaid debt fees | 2,610 |  |  | 17,383 |
Deferred taxes, net | (6,428) |  |  | (5,170) |
Loss on sale of business | 3,182 |  |  | 28,274 |
Loss on extinguishment of debt, net | — |  |  | 10,000 |
Goodwill impairment | 38,480 |  |  | — |
Restructuring, non-cash | (879) |  |  | 951 |
Other adjustments, net | 2,148 |  |  | 3,720 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisition and sale of business: |  |  |
Accounts receivable | 12,270 |  |  | 40,624 |
Inventories | (48,377) |  |  | 2,150 |
Other current assets | (15,907) |  |  | 26,072 |
Other long-term assets | (7,897) |  |  | 5,058 |
Accounts payable, other current liabilities, and taxes payable | 42,550 |  |  | (27,124) |
Wages and benefits payable | (30,877) |  |  | 14,110 |
Unearned revenue | 32,151 |  |  | (13,158) |
Warranty | (5,031) |  |  | (5,969) |
Other operating, net | (29,246) |  |  | (31,364) |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 37,530 |  |  | 141,147 |
Investing activities |  |  |
Net proceeds related to the sale of business | 55,933 |  |  | 3,142 |
Acquisitions of property, plant, and equipment | (14,886) |  |  | (27,781) |
Business acquisitions, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired | 23 |  |  | — |
Other investing, net | 2,424 |  |  | 2,820 |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 43,494 |  |  | (21,819) |
Financing activities |  |  |
Proceeds from borrowings | — |  |  | 460,000 |
Payments on debt | — |  |  | (946,094) |
Issuance of common stock | 2,631 |  |  | 4,351 |
Proceeds from common stock offering | — |  |  | 389,419 |
Proceeds from sale of warrants | — |  |  | 45,349 |
Purchases of convertible note hedge contracts | — |  |  | (84,139) |
Repurchase of common stock | (16,972) |  |  | — |
Prepaid debt fees | (697) |  |  | (12,021) |
Other financing, net | (4,358) |  |  | 6,327 |
Net cash used in financing activities | (19,396) |  |  | (136,808) |
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (8,794) |  |  | (762) |
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 52,834 |  |  | (18,242) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 162,579 |  |  | 206,933 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 215,413 |  |  | $ | 188,691 |
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: |  |  |
Cash paid during the period for: |  |  |
Income taxes, net | $ | 9,954 |  |  | $ | 5,989 |
Interest | 1,409 |  |  | 8,655 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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ITRON, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2022
(UNAUDITED)
In this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the terms "we", "us", "our", "Itron", and the "Company" refer to Itron, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Financial Statement Preparation
The consolidated financial statements presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are unaudited and reflect entries necessary for the fair presentation of the Consolidated Statements of Operations and the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, Consolidated Statements of Equity for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, June 30, 2022 and 2021, and March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, and the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, of Itron, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All entries required for the fair presentation of the financial statements are of a normal recurring nature, except as disclosed. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year or for any other period.
Certain information and notes normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) have been partially or completely omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regarding interim results. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC in our Annual Report on Form 10-K on February 28, 2022 (2021 Annual Report). There have been no significant changes in financial statement preparation or significant accounting policies since December 31, 2021.
Risks and Uncertainties
The COVID-19 pandemic has had global economic impacts including disrupting customer demand and global supply chains, resulting in market volatility. The extent of the recent pandemic and its ongoing impact on our operations is volatile, but is being monitored closely by our management. New variants of the virus may cause previously lifted restrictions to be reinstated, which could result in more disruptions. As economies have reopened, global supply chains have struggled to keep pace with rapidly changing demand. The resulting supply constraints have manifested across a variety of areas including mechanical, electrical, and logistics portions of the supply chain, which has impacted our ability to ship products in a timely manner. In particular, our ability to obtain adequate supply of semiconductor components has impacted our ability to service recovering customer demand. While we believe the current imbalance in supply and demand is temporal, the timeline to recovery is uncertain. Efforts are ongoing with suppliers to increase supply, including the approval of alternate sources. Recently, inflation in our raw materials and component costs, freight charges, and labor costs have increased above historical levels, due to, among other things, the continuing impacts of the pandemic and uncertain economic environment. We may or may not be able to fully recover these increased costs through pricing actions with our customers. At this time, we have not identified any significant decrease in long-term customer demand for our products and services. However, certain of our customer projects have experienced delay in deliveries, with revenue originally forecasted in prior periods shifting to future periods.
While we have limited direct business exposure in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine, the Russian military actions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect the global economy, as well as further disrupt the supply chain. A major disruption in the global economy and supply chain could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions, and resulting market and/or supply disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial. During the third quarter of 2022, we substantially liquidated our legal entity in Russia, recognizing a loss of $1.9 million for the reclassification of the currency translation adjustment from accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI). The loss was classified within sales, general and administrative expense within the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
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Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In May 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2021-04 amending Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Debt-Modifications and Extinguishments (Subtopic 470-50), Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718), and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity's Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40). The amendment affects entities when a freestanding equity-classified written call option is modified or exchanged and remains equity classified after the modification or exchange. We adopted this amendment as of the effective date of January 1, 2022. The adoption of this amendment did not have a material impact on our financial statements.
In July 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-05, Leases (Topic 842): Lessors-Certain Leases with Variable Lease Payments. The amendments in this Update modify the lease classification requirements for lessors to align them with practice under Topic 840, particularly in the area of day-one loss accounting. Lessors should classify and account for a lease with variable lease payments that do not depend on a reference index or a rate as an operating lease if certain criteria are met. The effective date for this amendment was January 1, 2022. The adoption of this amendment did not have a material impact on our financial statements.
In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-10 amending Government Assistance: (Topic 832). The FASB issued this Update to increase the transparency of government assistance including the disclosure of (1) the types of assistance, (2) an entity's accounting for the assistance, and (3) the effect of the assistance on an entity's financial statements. The effective date for this amendment was January 1, 2022. The adoption of this amendment did not have a material impact on our financial statements.
Recent Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08 amending Business Combination: (Topic 805), which was necessary due to 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The FASB issued this Update to improve the accounting for acquired revenue contracts with customers in a business combination by addressing diversity in practice and inconsistency related to (1) recognition of an acquired contract liability and (2) payment terms and their effect on subsequent revenue recognized by the acquirer. The effective date for this amendment is January 1, 2023 and all interim periods thereafter. These amendments are to be applied prospectively to business combinations occurring on or after the effective date of the amendments. We currently plan to apply the practical expedients as needed for any future acquisitions. The practical expedients cover contracts that were modified prior to acquisition date as well as determining which date an acquirer would have to determine the standalone selling price of each performance obligation in an acquired contract.
Note 2: Earnings Per Share
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS):

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands, except per share data | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders | $ | 4,117 |  |  | $ | (1,869) |  |  | $ | (31,944) |  |  | $ | (22,389) |
Weighted average common shares outstanding - Basic | 45,139 |  |  | 45,240 |  |  | 45,075 |  |  | 43,983 |
Dilutive effect of stock-based awards | 191 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Dilutive effect of convertible notes | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Weighted average common shares outstanding - Diluted | 45,330 |  |  | 45,240 |  |  | 45,075 |  |  | 43,983 |
Net income (loss) per common share - Basic | $ | 0.09 |  |  | $ | (0.04) |  |  | $ | (0.71) |  |  | $ | (0.51) |
Net income (loss) per common share - Diluted | $ | 0.09 |  |  | $ | (0.04) |  |  | $ | (0.71) |  |  | $ | (0.51) |

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Stock-based Awards
For stock-based awards, the dilutive effect is calculated using the treasury stock method. Under this method, the dilutive effect is computed as if the awards were exercised at the beginning of the period (or at time of issuance, if later) and assumes the related proceeds were used to repurchase our common stock at the average market price during the period. Related proceeds include the amount the employee must pay upon exercise and the future compensation cost associated with the stock award. Approximately 0.4 million and 0.7 million stock-based awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 because they were anti-dilutive. Approximately 0.4 million and 0.5 million stock-based awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 because they were anti-dilutive. These stock-based awards could be dilutive in future periods.
Convertible Notes and Warrants
For our Convertible Notes issued in March 2021, the dilutive effect is calculated using the if-converted method. We are required, pursuant to the indenture governing our Convertible Notes, to settle the principal amount of the Convertible Notes in cash and may elect to settle the remaining conversion obligation (stock price in excess of conversion price) in cash, shares, or a combination thereof. Under the if-converted method, we include the number of shares required to satisfy the remaining conversion obligation, assuming all the Convertible Notes were converted. The average closing prices of our common stock for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 were used as the basis for determining the dilutive effect on EPS. The quarterly average closing prices for our common stock did not exceed the conversion price of $126.00, and therefore all associated shares were anti-dilutive.
In conjunction with the issuance of the Convertible Notes, we sold warrants to purchase 3.7 million shares of Itron common stock. The warrants have a strike price of $180.00 per share. For calculating the dilutive effect of the warrants, we use the treasury stock method. With this method, we assume exercise of the warrants at the beginning of the period, or at time of issuance if later, and the issuance of common stock upon exercise. Proceeds from the exercise of the warrants are assumed to be used to repurchase shares of our stock at the average market price during the period. The incremental shares, representing the number of shares assumed to be exercised with the warrants less the number of shares repurchased, are included in diluted weighted average common shares outstanding. For periods where the warrants strike price of $180.00 per share is greater than the average share price of Itron stock for the period, the warrants would be anti-dilutive. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the quarterly average closing prices of our common stock did not exceed the warrant strike price and therefore 3.7 million shares were considered anti-dilutive.
Convertible Note Hedge Transactions
In connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes, we entered into privately negotiated call option contracts on our common stock (the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions) with certain commercial banks (the Counterparties). The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those in the Convertible Notes, approximately 3.7 million shares of our common stock, the same number of shares initially underlying the Convertible Notes, at a strike price of approximately $126.00, subject to customary adjustments. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions will expire upon the maturity of the Convertible Notes, subject to earlier exercise or termination. Exercise of the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions would reduce the number of shares of our common stock outstanding and therefore would be anti-dilutive.
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Note 3: Certain Balance Sheet Components
A summary of accounts receivable from contracts with customers is as follows:

Accounts receivable, net |  |  |
In thousands | September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Trade receivables (net of allowance of $4,506 and $5,730) | $ | 231,998 |  |  | $ | 261,124 |
Unbilled receivables | 34,671 |  |  | 37,335 |
Total accounts receivable, net | $ | 266,669 |  |  | $ | 298,459 |

Allowance for credit losses account activity | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Beginning balance | $ | 5,630 |  |  | $ | 1,107 |  |  | $ | 5,730 |  |  | $ | 1,312 |
Provision for (release of) doubtful accounts, net | (1,062) |  |  | 2,164 |  |  | (544) |  |  | 2,122 |
Accounts recovered (written-off), net | (214) |  |  | (440) |  |  | (458) |  |  | (582) |
Effect of change in exchange rates | 152 |  |  | (33) |  |  | (222) |  |  | (54) |
Ending balance | $ | 4,506 |  |  | $ | 2,798 |  |  | $ | 4,506 |  |  | $ | 2,798 |

Inventories |  |  |
In thousands | September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Raw materials | $ | 160,000 |  |  | $ | 122,434 |
Work in process | 8,359 |  |  | 7,856 |
Finished goods | 35,253 |  |  | 35,509 |
Total inventories | $ | 203,612 |  |  | $ | 165,799 |

Property, plant, and equipment, net |  |  |
In thousands | September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Machinery and equipment | $ | 296,488 |  |  | $ | 314,502 |
Computers and software | 115,822 |  |  | 111,540 |
Buildings, furniture, and improvements | 125,911 |  |  | 131,764 |
Land | 8,221 |  |  | 8,952 |
Construction in progress, including purchased equipment | 20,212 |  |  | 39,527 |
Total cost | 566,654 |  |  | 606,285 |
Accumulated depreciation | (427,886) |  |  | (443,101) |
Property, plant, and equipment, net | $ | 138,768 |  |  | $ | 163,184 |

Depreciation expense | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Depreciation expense | $ | 10,948 |  |  | $ | 12,389 |  |  | $ | 31,161 |  |  | $ | 37,338 |

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Note 4: Intangible Assets and Liabilities
The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization (accretion) of our intangible assets and liabilities, other than goodwill, were as follows:

| September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
In thousands | Gross |  | Accumulated (Amortization) Accretion |  | Net |  | Gross |  | Accumulated (Amortization) Accretion |  | Net
Intangible Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Core-developed technology | $ | 491,898 |  |  | $ | (484,225) |  |  | $ | 7,673 |  |  | $ | 505,429 |  |  | $ | (491,047) |  |  | $ | 14,382 |
Customer contracts and relationships | 307,838 |  |  | (247,555) |  |  | 60,283 |  |  | 336,421 |  |  | (261,043) |  |  | 75,378 |
Trademarks and trade names | 69,562 |  |  | (67,416) |  |  | 2,146 |  |  | 74,551 |  |  | (72,133) |  |  | 2,418 |
Other | 12,011 |  |  | (11,767) |  |  | 244 |  |  | 12,021 |  |  | (11,670) |  |  | 351 |
Total intangible assets | $ | 881,309 |  |  | $ | (810,963) |  |  | $ | 70,346 |  |  | $ | 928,422 |  |  | $ | (835,893) |  |  | $ | 92,529 |
Intangible Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Customer contracts and relationships | $ | (23,900) |  |  | $ | 23,785 |  |  | $ | (115) |  |  | $ | (23,900) |  |  | $ | 23,441 |  |  | $ | (459) |

A summary of intangible assets and liabilities activity is as follows:

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021
Intangible assets, gross beginning balance | $ | 928,422 |  |  | $ | 1,000,037 |
Effect of change in exchange rates | (47,113) |  |  | (21,109) |
Intangible assets, gross ending balance | $ | 881,309 |  |  | $ | 978,928 |
Intangible liabilities, gross beginning balance | $ | (23,900) |  |  | $ | (23,900) |
Effect of change in exchange rates | — |  |  | — |
Intangible liabilities, gross ending balance | $ | (23,900) |  |  | $ | (23,900) |

Assumed intangible liabilities reflect the present value of the projected cash outflows for an existing contract where remaining costs are expected to exceed projected revenues.
Estimated future annual amortization (accretion) is as follows:

Year Ending December 31, |  | Amortization |  | Accretion |  | Estimated Annual Amortization, net
In thousands |  |
2022 (amount remaining at September 30, 2022) |  | $ | 6,457 |  |  | $ | (115) |  |  | $ | 6,342 |
2023 |  | 18,616 |  |  | — |  |  | 18,616 |
2024 |  | 14,748 |  |  | — |  |  | 14,748 |
2025 |  | 14,080 |  |  | — |  |  | 14,080 |
2026 |  | 10,160 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,160 |
Thereafter |  | 6,285 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,285 |
Total intangible assets subject to amortization (accretion) |  | $ | 70,346 |  |  | $ | (115) |  |  | $ | 70,231 |

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Note 5: Goodwill
The following table reflects changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the nine months ended September 30, 2022:

In thousands | Device Solutions |  | Networked Solutions |  | Outcomes |  | Total Company
Goodwill balance at January 1, 2022 | $ | 39,377 |  |  | $ | 918,005 |  |  | $ | 141,593 |  |  | $ | 1,098,975 |
Adjustment to goodwill acquired | — |  |  | (23) |  |  | — |  |  | (23) |
Goodwill impairment | (38,480) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (38,480) |
Effect of change in exchange rates | (897) |  |  | (42,105) |  |  | (6,419) |  |  | (49,421) |
Goodwill balance at September 30, 2022 | $ | — |  |  | $ | 875,877 |  |  | $ | 135,174 |  |  | $ | 1,011,051 |

On October 12, 2021, we acquired SELC Group Limited (SELC), from Sensus Metering Systems (LUXCO3) S.ár.l. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, an adjustment was recorded to the goodwill acquired.
As the result of increases in raw material, component, labor and other costs, coupled with a decrease in forecasted revenue within the Device Solutions operating segment and reporting unit, which we determined during the second quarter of 2022, we performed an interim goodwill impairment test. At the conclusion of the test, a goodwill impairment of $38.5 million was recognized in our Corporate unallocated segment as of June 30, 2022. No interim impairment test was determined to be necessary for the Networked Solutions or Outcomes reporting units. Refer to Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in Part II, Item 8: Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 for a description of our reporting units and our method used to determine the fair values of our reporting units and to determine the amount of any goodwill impairment.
Note 6: Debt
The components of our borrowings were as follows:

In thousands | September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Credit facility |  |  |
Multicurrency revolving line of credit | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Convertible notes | 460,000 |  |  | 460,000 |
Total debt | 460,000 |  |  | 460,000 |
Less: unamortized prepaid debt fees - convertible notes | 8,053 |  |  | 9,772 |
Long-term debt, net | $ | 451,947 |  |  | $ | 450,228 |

Credit Facility
Our current credit facility, initially entered on January 5, 2018 (as amended, the 2018 credit facility), provided for committed credit facilities in the amount of $1.2 billion U.S. dollars. This facility originally consisted of a $650 million U.S. dollar term loan (the term loan) and a multicurrency revolving line of credit (the revolver) with a principal amount of up to $500 million. The revolver also contains a $300 million standby letter of credit sub-facility and a $50 million swingline sub-facility. The term loan was fully repaid in August 2021.
The 2018 credit facility was amended on October 18, 2019, and this amendment extended the maturity date to October 18, 2024. The amendment also modified the required interest payments and with covenants based on total net leverage instead of total leverage. On October 19, 2020, we entered into a second amendment to obtain temporary covenant relief while also adding an additional level of pricing to the pricing grid, which is effective throughout the remaining term of the debt. On March 8, 2021, we entered into a third amendment to the 2018 credit facility, which modified provisions to permit cash settlement upon the conversion of the Convertible Notes, the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions and Warrant Transactions and also to adjust certain settlement provisions for convertible indebtedness. Refer to Note 7: Derivative Financial Instruments for further details of the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions and Warrant Transactions.
On February 25, 2022, we entered into a fourth amendment to the 2018 credit facility, which modifies to allow for the addback of non-cash expenses related to restructuring charges incurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2021 and also adjusts the maximum total net leverage ratio thresholds for the period beginning with the first quarter of 2022 through the fourth quarter of 2022 to allow for increased operational flexibility. The maximum leverage ratio is increased to 4.75:1 for the first through third quarters of 2022 and 4.50:1 for the fourth quarter of 2022.
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The 2018 credit facility permits us and certain of our foreign subsidiaries to borrow in U.S. dollars, euros, or, with lender approval, other currencies readily convertible into U.S. dollars. All obligations under the 2018 credit facility are guaranteed by Itron, Inc. and material U.S. domestic subsidiaries and are secured by a pledge of substantially all of the assets of Itron, Inc. and material U.S. domestic subsidiaries. This includes a pledge of 100% of the capital stock of material U.S. domestic subsidiaries and up to 66% of the voting stock (100% of the non-voting stock) of first-tier foreign subsidiaries. In addition, the obligations of any foreign subsidiary who is a foreign borrower, as defined by the 2018 credit facility, are guaranteed by the foreign subsidiary and by its direct and indirect foreign parents. The 2018 credit facility includes debt covenants, which contain certain financial thresholds and place certain restrictions on the incurrence of debt, investments, and the issuance of dividends. We were in compliance with the debt covenants under the 2018 credit facility at September 30, 2022.
Under the 2018 credit facility, we elect applicable market interest rates for both the term loan and any outstanding revolving loans. We also pay an applicable margin, which is based on our total net leverage ratio as defined in the credit agreement. The applicable rates per annum may be based on either: (1) the LIBOR rate or EURIBOR rate (subject to a floor of 0%), plus an applicable margin, or (2) the Alternate Base Rate, plus an applicable margin. The Alternate Base Rate election is equal to the greatest of three rates: (i) the prime rate, (ii) the Federal Reserve effective rate plus 0.50%, or (iii) one-month LIBOR plus 1.00%.
At September 30, 2022, there were no outstanding loan balances under the Credit Facility, and $55.9 million was utilized by outstanding standby letters of credit, resulting in $444.1 million available for additional borrowings or standby letters of credit within the revolver. At September 30, 2022, $244.1 million was available for additional standby letters of credit under the letter of credit sub-facility, and no amounts were outstanding under the swingline sub-facility.
Convertible Notes
On March 12, 2021, we closed the sale of the Convertible Notes in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers, resulting in net proceeds to us of $448.5 million after deducting initial purchasers’ discounts of the offering. The Convertible Notes do not bear regular interest, and the principal amount does not accrete. The Convertible Notes will mature on March 15, 2026, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed, or converted in accordance with their terms. No sinking fund is provided for the Convertible Notes.
The initial conversion rate of the Convertible Notes is 7.9365 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $126.00 per share. The conversion rate of the Convertible Notes is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events. In addition, upon the occurrence of a make-whole fundamental change (as defined in the indenture governing the Convertible Notes) or upon a notice of redemption, we will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate for a holder that elects to convert its Convertible Notes in connection with such make-whole fundamental change or notice of redemption, as the case may be.
Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding December 15, 2025, the Convertible Notes are convertible at the option of the holders only under the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on June 30, 2021 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of the common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five business-day period after any five consecutive trading-day period (the measurement period) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day; (3) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events; or (4) upon redemption by us. On or after December 15, 2025, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding March 15, 2026, holders of the Convertible Notes may convert all or a portion of their notes at any time. Upon conversion, we will pay cash up to the aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes to be converted and pay and/or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of common stock or a combination of cash and shares of common stock, at our election, in respect of the remainder, if any, of our conversion obligation in excess of the aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Notes being converted.
On or after March 20, 2024 and prior to December 15, 2025, we may redeem for cash all or part of the Convertible Notes, at our option, if the last reported sales price of common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive), including the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide notice of redemption, during any 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the trading day immediately before the date we send the related notice of the redemption. The redemption price of each Convertible Notes to be redeemed will be the principal amount of such note, plus accrued and unpaid special interest, if any. Upon the occurrence of a fundamental change (as defined in the indenture governing the Convertible Notes), subject to a limited exception described in the indenture governing the Convertible Notes, holders may require us to repurchase all or a portion of their notes for cash at a
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price equal to plus accrued and unpaid special interest to, but not including, the fundamental change repurchase date (as defined in the indenture governing the Convertible Notes).
The Convertible Notes are senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsubordinated debt and senior in right of payment to any future debt that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Convertible Notes. The Convertible Notes will be effectively subordinated to any of our existing and future secured debt to the extent of the assets securing such indebtedness. The Convertible Notes will be structurally subordinated to all existing debt and any future debt and any other liabilities of our subsidiaries.
Debt Maturities
The amount of required minimum principal payments on our long-term debt in aggregate over the next five years is as follows:

Year Ending December 31, | Minimum Payments
In thousands |
2022 (amount remaining at September 30, 2022) | $ | — |
2023 | — |
2024 | — |
2025 | — |
2026 | 460,000 |
Thereafter | — |
Total minimum payments on debt | $ | 460,000 |

Note 7: Derivative Financial Instruments
As part of our risk management strategy, we use derivative instruments to hedge certain foreign currency and interest rate exposures. Refer to Note 13: Shareholders' Equity and Note 14: Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional disclosures on our derivative instruments.
The fair values of our derivative instruments are determined using the income approach and significant other observable inputs (and are classified as "Level 2" in the fair value hierarchy). We have used observable market inputs based on the type of derivative and the nature of the underlying instrument. The key inputs include interest rate yield curves (swap rates and futures) and foreign exchange spot and forward rates, all of which are available in an active market. We have utilized the mid-market pricing convention for these inputs. We include, as a discount to the derivative asset, the effect of our counterparty credit risk based on current published credit default swap rates when the net fair value of our derivative instruments is in a net asset position. We consider our own nonperformance risk when the net fair value of our derivative instruments is in a net liability position by discounting our derivative liabilities to reflect the potential credit risk to our counterparty through applying a current market indicative credit spread to all cash flows.
The fair values of our derivative instruments were as follows:

|  | Fair Value
Derivatives Assets | Balance Sheet Location | September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815-20 | In thousands
Foreign exchange forward contracts | Other current assets | $ | 570 |  |  | $ | 37 |
Total asset derivatives |  | $ | 570 |  |  | $ | 37 |
Derivatives Liabilities |  |  |  |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815-20 |  |  |
Foreign exchange forward contracts | Other current liabilities | $ | 862 |  |  | $ | 135 |
Total liability derivatives |  | $ | 862 |  |  | $ | 135 |

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The changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI), net of tax, for our derivative and nonderivative hedging instruments designated as hedging instruments, net of tax, were as follows:

In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021
Net unrealized gain (loss) on hedging instruments at January 1, | $ | 14,590 |  |  | $ | (16,001) |
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments | — |  |  | 1,085 |
Realized (gains) losses reclassified into net income (loss) | — |  |  | 733 |
Net unrealized gain (loss) on hedging instruments at September 30, | $ | 14,590 |  |  | $ | (14,183) |

Reclassification of amounts related to hedging instruments are included in interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Included in the net unrealized gain (loss) on hedging instruments at September 30, 2022 and 2021 is a loss of $14.4 million, net of tax, related to our nonderivative net investment hedge, which terminated in 2011. This loss on our net investment hedge will remain in AOCI until earnings are impacted by a sale or liquidation of the associated foreign operation.
A summary of the effect of netting arrangements on our financial position related to the offsetting of our recognized derivative assets and liabilities under master netting arrangements or similar agreements is as follows:

Offsetting of Derivative Assets | Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets |  | Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets |  |
In thousands |  | Derivative Financial Instruments |  | Cash Collateral Received |  | Net Amount
September 30, 2022 | $ | 570 |  |  | $ | (567) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3 |
December 31, 2021 | 37 |  |  | (37) |  |  | — |  |  | — |

Offsetting of Derivative Liabilities | Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets |  | Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets |  |
In thousands |  | Derivative Financial Instruments |  | Cash Collateral Pledged |  | Net Amount
September 30, 2022 | $ | 862 |  |  | $ | (567) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 295 |
December 31, 2021 | 135 |  |  | (37) |  |  | — |  |  | 98 |

Our derivative assets and liabilities subject to netting arrangements include foreign exchange forward and interest rate contracts with three counterparties at September 30, 2022 and three counterparties at December 31, 2021. No derivative asset or liability balance with any of our counterparties was individually significant at September 30, 2022 or December 31, 2021. Our derivative contracts with each of these counterparties exist under agreements that provide for the net settlement of all contracts through a single payment in a single currency in the event of default. We have no pledges of cash collateral against our obligations, and we have not received pledges of cash collateral from our counterparties under the associated derivative contracts.
Cash Flow Hedges
As a result of our forecasted inventory purchases in a non-functional currency, we are exposed to foreign exchange risk. We hedge portions of these purchases. During February 2021, we entered into foreign exchange option contracts for a total notional amount of $76.5 million at a cost of $1.1 million. The contracts matured ratably through the year with final maturity occurring in October 2021. Changes in the fair values of the option contracts are recognized as a component of other comprehensive income (OCI) and are recognized in product cost of revenues when the hedged item affects earnings. We have not entered into any similar arrangements in 2022.
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The before-tax effects of our accounting for derivative instruments designated as hedges on AOCI were as follows:

Derivatives in ASC 815-20 Cash Flow Hedging Relationships | Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative |  | Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCI into Income
Location |  | Amount
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange options | $ | — |  |  | $ | 478 |  |  | Product cost of revenues |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (32) |
Nine Months Ended September 30, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swap contract | $ | — |  |  | $ | 73 |  |  | Interest expense |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (229) |
Interest rate swap contract | — |  |  | — |  |  | Other income (expense), net |  | — |  |  | (1,681) |
Foreign exchange options | — |  |  | 367 |  |  | Product cost of revenues |  | — |  |  | (40) |
Cross currency swap contract | — |  |  | 669 |  |  | Interest expense |  | — |  |  | 94 |
Cross currency swap contract | — |  |  | — |  |  | Other income (expense), net |  | — |  |  | 656 |

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Relationships
We are also exposed to foreign exchange risk when we enter into non-functional currency transactions, both intercompany and third party. At each period-end, non-functional currency monetary assets and liabilities are revalued with the change recognized within other income (expense) in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. We enter into monthly foreign exchange forward contracts, which are not designated for hedge accounting, with the intent to reduce earnings volatility associated with currency exposures. As of September 30, 2022, a total of 32 contracts were offsetting our exposures from the euro, pound sterling, Indonesian rupiah, Canadian dollar, Australian dollar and various other currencies, with notional amounts ranging from $135,000 to $57.8 million.
The effect of our derivative instruments not designated as hedges on the Consolidated Statements of Operations was as follows:

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instrument under ASC 815-20 | Location |  | Gain (Loss) Recognized on Derivatives in Other Income (Expense)
In thousands |  |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  |
Foreign exchange forward contracts | Other income (expense), net |  | $ | 1,338 |  |  | $ | 673 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange forward contracts | Other income (expense), net |  | $ | 1,299 |  |  | $ | 210 |

We will continue to monitor and assess our interest rate and foreign exchange risk and may institute additional derivative instruments to manage such risk in the future.
Convertible Note Hedge Transactions
We paid an aggregate amount of $84.1 million for the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those in the Convertible Notes, approximately 3.7 million shares of our common stock, the same number of shares initially underlying the Convertible Notes, at a strike price of approximately $126.00, subject to customary adjustments. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions will expire upon the maturity of the Convertible Notes, subject to earlier exercise or termination. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions are expected generally to reduce the potential dilutive effect of the conversion of the Convertible Notes and/or offset any cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount of the converted notes, as the case may be, in the event that the market price per share of our common stock, as measured under the terms of the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions, is greater than the strike price of those Convertible Note Hedge Transactions. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions meet the criteria in Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 815-40 to be classified within Stockholders' Equity, and therefore the transactions are not revalued after their issuance.
We made a tax election to integrate the Convertible Notes and the call options. We are retaining the identification statements in our books and records, together with a schedule providing the accruals on the synthetic debt instruments. The accounting
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impact of this tax election makes the call options deductible as original issue discount for tax purposes over the term of the Convertible Note, and results in a $20.6 million deferred tax asset recognized through equity.
Warrant Transactions
In addition, concurrently with entering into the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions, we separately entered into privately-negotiated Warrant Transactions (the Warrant Transactions), whereby we sold to the Counterparties warrants to acquire, collectively, subject to anti-dilution adjustments, 3.7 million shares of our common stock at an initial strike price of $180.00 per share, which represents a premium of 100% over the public offering price in the common stock issuance. We received aggregate proceeds of $45.3 million from the Warrant Transactions with the Counterparties, with such proceeds partially offsetting the costs of entering into the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions. The warrants expire in June 2026. If the market value per share of our common stock, as measured under the Warrants Transactions, exceeds the strike price of the warrants, the warrants will have a dilutive effect on our earnings per share, unless we elect, subject to certain conditions, to settle the warrants in cash. The warrants meet the criteria in ASC 815-40 to be classified within Stockholders' Equity, therefore the warrants are not revalued after issuance.
Note 8: Defined Benefit Pension Plans
We sponsor both funded and unfunded defined benefit pension plans offering death and disability, retirement, and special termination benefits for certain of our international employees, primarily in Germany, France, Indonesia, India, and Italy. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by using the projected unit credit method. The measurement date for the pension plans is December 31, 2021.
Amounts recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of:

In thousands | September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Liabilities |  |  |
Current portion of pension benefit obligation in wages and benefits payable | $ | 2,915 |  |  | $ | 3,088 |
Pension benefit obligation held for sale within other current liabilities | — |  |  | 11,513 |
Long-term portion of pension benefit obligation | 71,111 |  |  | 87,863 |
Pension benefit obligation, net | $ | 74,026 |  |  | $ | 102,464 |

On November 2, 2021, Itron entered into an agreement to sell certain of its Gas device businesses and operations to Dresser Utility Solutions (Dresser). The related disposal group was classified as held for sale during the fourth quarter of 2021. The disposal group was removed from our balance sheet when the transaction closed on February 28, 2022. Refer to Note 17: Sale of Business for additional information on the transaction.
Our asset investment strategy focuses on maintaining a portfolio using primarily insurance funds, which are accounted for as investments and measured at fair value, in order to achieve our long-term investment objectives on a risk-adjusted basis. Our general funding policy for these qualified pension plans is to contribute amounts sufficient to satisfy regulatory funding standards of the respective countries for each plan.
Net periodic pension benefit cost for our plans includes the following components:

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Service cost |  | $ | 739 |  |  | $ | 1,125 |  |  | $ | 2,241 |  |  | $ | 3,376 |
Interest cost |  | 403 |  |  | 345 |  |  | 1,269 |  |  | 1,046 |
Expected return on plan assets |  | (75) |  |  | (87) |  |  | (238) |  |  | (264) |
Amortization of prior service costs |  | 17 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 53 |  |  | 51 |
Amortization of actuarial net loss |  | 187 |  |  | 681 |  |  | 618 |  |  | 2,070 |
Net periodic benefit cost |  | $ | 1,271 |  |  | $ | 2,081 |  |  | $ | 3,943 |  |  | $ | 6,279 |

The components of net periodic benefit cost, other than the service cost component, are included in total other income (expense) on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
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Note 9: Stock-Based Compensation
We grant stock-based compensation awards, including restricted stock units, phantom stock, and unrestricted stock units, under the Second Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (Stock Incentive Plan). Prior to December 31, 2020, stock options were also granted as part of the stock-based compensation awards. In the Stock Incentive Plan, we have 12,623,538 shares of common stock reserved and authorized for issuance subject to stock splits, dividends, and other similar events. At September 30, 2022, 4,626,437 shares were available for grant. We issue new shares of common stock upon the exercise of stock options or when vesting conditions on restricted stock units are fully satisfied. These shares are subject to a fungible share provision such that the authorized share available for grant is reduced by (i) one share for every one share subject to a stock option or share appreciation right granted under the Plan and (ii) 1.7 shares for every one share of common stock that was subject to an award other than an option or share appreciation right.
We also award phantom stock units, which are settled in cash upon vesting and accounted for as liability-based awards, with no impact to the shares available for grant.
In addition, we maintain the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP), for which 91,074 shares of common stock were available for future issuance at September 30, 2022.
ESPP activity and stock-based grants other than stock options and restricted stock units were not significant for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Total stock-based compensation expense and the related tax benefit were as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Stock options | $ | 236 |  |  | $ | 344 |  |  | $ | 798 |  |  | $ | 1,055 |
Restricted stock units | 4,430 |  |  | 5,104 |  |  | 15,883 |  |  | 16,546 |
Unrestricted stock awards | 218 |  |  | 217 |  |  | 735 |  |  | 650 |
Phantom stock units | (176) |  |  | 519 |  |  | 596 |  |  | 2,861 |
Total stock-based compensation | $ | 4,708 |  |  | $ | 6,184 |  |  | $ | 18,012 |  |  | $ | 21,112 |
Related tax benefit | $ | 1,195 |  |  | $ | 1,159 |  |  | $ | 4,264 |  |  | $ | 3,840 |

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Stock Options
A summary of our stock option activity is as follows:

| Shares |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
| (In thousands) |  |  |  | (Years) |  | (In thousands) |  |
Outstanding, January 1, 2021 | 433 |  |  | $ | 61.95 |  |  | 6.9 |  | $ | 14,697 |  |  |
Granted | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | — |
Exercised | (34) |  |  | 67.21 |  |  |  |  | 1,215 |  |  |
Forfeited | (6) |  |  | 83.33 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding, September 30, 2021 | 393 |  |  | $ | 61.18 |  |  | 6.1 |  | $ | 6,496 |  |  |
Outstanding, January 1, 2022 | 393 |  |  | $ | 61.18 |  |  | 5.9 |  | $ | 4,737 |  |  |
Granted | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | — |
Exercised | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |
Forfeited | (2) |  |  | 87.27 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Canceled | (8) |  |  | 78.76 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding, September 30, 2022 | 383 |  |  | $ | 60.69 |  |  | 5.1 |  | $ | 729 |  |  |
Exercisable, September 30, 2022 | 361 |  |  | $ | 59.26 |  |  | 5.0 |  | $ | 729 |  |  |

At September 30, 2022, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to nonvested stock options was $0.2 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 0.7 years.
Restricted Stock Units
The following table summarizes restricted stock unit activity:

In thousands, except fair value | Number of Restricted Stock Units |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, January 1, 2021 | 544 |  |  |  |  |
Granted | 212 |  |  | $ | 97.96 |  |  |
Released (1) | (288) |  |  |  |  | $ | 28,494 |
Forfeited | (46) |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding, September 30, 2021 | 422 |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding, January 1, 2022 | 430 |  |  | $ | 85.77 |  |  |
Granted | 371 |  |  | 53.32 |  |  |
Released (1) | (220) |  |  | 79.96 |  |  | $ | 11,441 |
Forfeited | (62) |  |  | 71.77 |  |  |
Outstanding, September 30, 2022 | 519 |  |  | 66.83 |  |  |
Vested but not released, September 30, 2022 | 11 |  |  |  |  | $ | 481 |

(1) Shares released is presented as gross shares and does not reflect shares withheld by us for employee payroll tax obligations.
At September 30, 2022, total unrecognized compensation expense on restricted stock units was $26.4 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 1.7 years.
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The weighted average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of performance-based restricted stock units granted with a service and market condition and the resulting weighted average fair value are as follows:

|  |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  |  |  |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Expected volatility |  |  |  |  | 55.7 | % |  | 50.5 | %
Risk-free interest rate |  |  |  |  | 1.7 | % |  | 0.2 | %
Expected term (years) |  |  |  |  | 2.9 |  | 2.9
Weighted average fair value |  |  |  |  | $ | 57.88 |  |  | $ | 113.75 |

Note 10: Income Taxes
We determine the interim tax benefit (provision) by applying an estimate of the annual effective tax rate to the year-to-date pretax book income (loss) and adjusting for discrete items during the reporting period, if any. Tax jurisdictions with losses for which tax benefits cannot be realized, as well as significant unusual or infrequently occurring items that are separately reported, are excluded from the annual effective tax rate.
Our tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 of 10% and (19)%, respectively, differed from the federal statutory rate of 21% due to the impact of valuation allowances on deferred tax assets, the forecasted mix of earnings in domestic and international jurisdictions, U.S. taxation of foreign earnings including GILTI (Global Intangible Low Taxed Income), Subpart F and ECI (Effectively Connected Income), discrete tax expense related to the Dresser divestiture, a discrete tax benefit due to goodwill impairment, an expense related to stock-based compensation, tax credits, and uncertain tax positions.
Our tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 of 902% and (39)%, respectively, differed from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to reserves recognized on deferred sales price receivables in the second quarter related to the 2020 divestiture of the majority of our Latin American business activities. This item was recognized for tax as a discrete and resulted in no tax benefit. Other rate drivers include losses in jurisdictions for which no benefit is recognized because of valuation allowances on deferred tax assets, the forecasted mix of earnings in domestic and international jurisdictions, a benefit related to stock-based compensation, and uncertain tax positions.
Beginning January 1, 2022, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 eliminates the option to deduct research and development expenditures currently and requires taxpayers to capitalize and amortize them over five or fifteen years, dependent upon the geography in which the expenditures are incurred. Although Congress is considering legislation that would defer the capitalization and amortization requirement, there is no assurance that the provision will be repealed or otherwise modified. As a result of research and development conducted outside of the U.S., the amount of expected inclusion of foreign earnings in our U.S. taxable income is largely driven by research and development cost capitalization, and may decrease significantly should these rules be deferred or revoked effective for 2022. The income tax provision has been prepared according to currently enacted tax legislation, but a change in tax law with regards to capitalization of research and development expenditures would have a material beneficial impact on our annual effective tax rate.
We classify interest expense and penalties related to unrecognized tax liabilities and interest income on tax overpayments as components of income tax expense. The net interest and penalties expense amounts recognized were as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Net interest and penalties expense | $ | 373 |  |  | $ | 195 |  |  | $ | 989 |  |  | $ | 153 |

Accrued interest and penalties recognized were as follows:

In thousands | September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Accrued interest | $ | 3,637 |  |  | $ | 2,964 |
Accrued penalties | 613 |  |  | 747 |

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Unrecognized tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions and the amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect our effective tax rate were as follows:

In thousands | September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Unrecognized tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions | $ | 136,559 |  |  | $ | 139,529 |
The amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect our effective tax rate | 136,552 |  |  | 139,503 |

At September 30, 2022, we are under examination by certain tax authorities. We believe we have appropriately accrued for the expected outcome of all tax matters and do not currently anticipate that the ultimate resolution of these examinations will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, future results of operations, or cash flows.
Based upon the timing and outcome of examinations, litigation, the impact of legislative, regulatory, and judicial developments, and the impact of these items on the statute of limitations, it is reasonably possible that the related unrecognized tax benefits could change from those recognized within the next 12 months. However, at this time, an estimate of the range of reasonably possible adjustments to the balance of unrecognized tax benefits cannot be made.
We file income tax returns in various jurisdictions. The material jurisdictions where we are subject to examination include, among others, the United States, France, Germany, Italy, Indonesia, and the United Kingdom.
On March 27, 2020, the U.S. Federal government passed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act to provide economic relief from COVID-19. The CARES Act also provides employer payroll tax credits for wages paid to employees who are unable to work during the COVID-19 outbreak and options to defer payroll tax payments. The Company has elected to defer remittances of payroll and other taxes into the future as provided for under the Act.
Note 11: Commitments and Contingencies
Guarantees and Indemnifications
We are often required to obtain standby letters of credit (LOCs) or bonds in support of our obligations for customer contracts. These standby LOCs or bonds typically provide a guarantee to the customer for our future performance, which usually covers the installation phase of a contract and may, on occasion, cover the operations and maintenance phase of outsourcing contracts.
Our available lines of credit, outstanding standby LOCs, and bonds were as follows:

In thousands | September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
Credit facility |  |  |
Multicurrency revolving line of credit | $ | 500,000 |  |  | $ | 500,000 |
Standby LOCs issued and outstanding | (55,937) |  |  | (64,374) |
Net available for additional borrowings under the multicurrency revolving line of credit | $ | 444,063 |  |  | $ | 435,626 |
Net available for additional standby LOCs under sub-facility | $ | 244,063 |  |  | $ | 235,626 |
Unsecured multicurrency revolving lines of credit with various financial institutions |  |  |
Multicurrency revolving lines of credit | $ | 71,594 |  |  | $ | 94,845 |
Standby LOCs issued and outstanding | (18,365) |  |  | (19,957) |
Short-term borrowings | — |  |  | — |
Net available for additional borrowings and LOCs | $ | 53,229 |  |  | $ | 74,888 |
Unsecured surety bonds in force | $ | 281,343 |  |  | $ | 281,270 |

In the event any such standby LOC or bond is called, we would be obligated to reimburse the issuer of the standby LOC or bond; however, as of November 3, 2022, we do not believe any outstanding standby LOCs or bonds will be called.
We generally provide an indemnification related to the infringement of any patent, copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property right on software or equipment within our sales contracts, which indemnifies the customer from, and pays the resulting costs, damages, and attorney's fees awarded against a customer with respect to, such a claim provided that (a) the customer
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promptly notifies us in writing of the claim and (b) we have the sole control of the defense and all related settlement negotiations. We may also provide an indemnification to our customers for third-party claims resulting from damages caused by the negligence or willful misconduct of our employees/agents in connection with the performance of certain contracts. The terms of our indemnifications generally do not limit the maximum potential payments. It is not possible to predict the maximum potential amount of future payments under these or similar agreements.
Legal Matters
We are subject to various legal proceedings and claims of which the outcomes are subject to significant uncertainty. Our policy is to assess the likelihood of any adverse judgments or outcomes related to legal matters, as well as ranges of probable losses. A determination of the amount of the liability required, if any, for these contingencies is made after an analysis of each known issue. A liability would be recognized and charged to operating expense when we determine that a loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Additionally, we disclose contingencies for which a material loss is reasonably possible, but not probable.
Warranty
A summary of the warranty accrual account activity is as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Beginning balance | $ | 28,709 |  |  | $ | 36,210 |  |  | $ | 32,022 |  |  | $ | 41,390 |
New product warranties | 1,166 |  |  | 1,925 |  |  | 3,600 |  |  | 3,611 |
Other adjustments and expirations, net | (1,092) |  |  | (975) |  |  | (1,157) |  |  | 631 |
Claims activity | (2,299) |  |  | (2,156) |  |  | (7,071) |  |  | (10,040) |
Effect of change in exchange rates | (1,026) |  |  | (317) |  |  | (1,936) |  |  | (905) |
Ending balance | 25,458 |  |  | 34,687 |  |  | 25,458 |  |  | 34,687 |
Less: current portion of warranty | 17,943 |  |  | 18,089 |  |  | 17,943 |  |  | 18,089 |
Long-term warranty | $ | 7,515 |  |  | $ | 16,598 |  |  | $ | 7,515 |  |  | $ | 16,598 |

Total warranty expense is classified within cost of revenues and consists of new product warranties issued, costs related to insurance and supplier recoveries, other changes and adjustments to warranties, and customer claims. Warranty expense was as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Total warranty expense | $ | 74 |  |  | $ | 950 |  |  | $ | 2,443 |  |  | $ | 4,242 |

Note 12: Restructuring
2021 Projects
On October 29, 2021, our Board of Directors approved a restructuring plan (the 2021 Projects) which, in conjunction with the announcement of the sale of certain of our Gas device manufacturing operations (refer to Note 17: Sale of Business), includes activities to drive reductions in certain locations and functional support areas. These projects are to be substantially complete by the end of 2024. Certain of Itron's employees are represented by unions or works councils, which requires consultation, and potential restructuring projects may be subject to regulatory approval, both of which could impact the timing of planned savings in certain jurisdictions.
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The total expected restructuring costs, the restructuring costs recognized, and the remaining expected restructuring costs related to the 2021 Projects were as follows:

In thousands | Total Expected Costs at September 30, 2022 |  | Costs Recognized in Prior Periods |  | Adjustments Recognized During the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 |  | Expected Remaining Costs to be Recognized at September 30, 2022
Employee severance costs | $ | 40,709 |  |  | $ | 49,013 |  |  | $ | (8,304) |  |  | $ | — |
Asset impairments & net loss (gain) on sale or disposal | 8,371 |  |  | 9,246 |  |  | (875) |  |  | — |
Other restructuring costs | 5,468 |  |  | 2,452 |  |  | 516 |  |  | 2,500 |
Total | $ | 54,548 |  |  | $ | 60,711 |  |  | $ | (8,663) |  |  | $ | 2,500 |

2020 Projects
In September 2020, our Board of Directors approved a restructuring plan (the 2020 Projects), which includes activities that continue our efforts to optimize our global supply chain and manufacturing operations, sales and marketing organizations, and other overhead. These projects are scheduled to be substantially complete by the end of 2022. Certain of Itron's employees are represented by unions or works councils, which requires consultation, and potential restructuring projects may be subject to regulatory approval, both of which could impact the timing of planned savings in certain jurisdictions.
The total expected restructuring costs, the restructuring costs recognized, and the remaining expected restructuring costs related to the 2020 Projects were as follows:

In thousands | Total Expected Costs at September 30, 2022 |  | Costs Recognized in Prior Periods |  | Adjustments Recognized During the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 |  | Expected Remaining Costs to be Recognized at September 30, 2022
Employee severance costs | $ | 21,534 |  |  | $ | 24,532 |  |  | $ | (2,998) |  |  | $ | — |
Asset impairments & net loss (gain) on sale or disposal | 6,438 |  |  | 6,442 |  |  | (4) |  |  | — |
Other restructuring costs | 7,480 |  |  | 6,170 |  |  | 568 |  |  | 742 |
Total | $ | 35,452 |  |  | $ | 37,144 |  |  | $ | (2,434) |  |  | $ | 742 |

The following table summarizes the activity within the restructuring-related balance sheet accounts for the 2021 Projects and 2020 Projects during the nine months ended September 30, 2022:

In thousands | Accrued Employee Severance |  | Asset Impairments & Net Loss (Gain) on Sale or Disposal |  | Other Accrued Costs |  | Total
Beginning balance, January 1, 2022 | $ | 79,876 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,130 |  |  | $ | 85,006 |
Costs charged to expense | (11,302) |  |  | (879) |  |  | 1,084 |  |  | (11,097) |
Cash payments | (14,937) |  |  | (116) |  |  | (2,599) |  |  | (17,652) |
Cash receipts | — |  |  | 1,783 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,783 |
Net assets disposed and impaired | — |  |  | (788) |  |  | — |  |  | (788) |
Effect of change in exchange rates | (8,441) |  |  | — |  |  | (276) |  |  | (8,717) |
Ending balance, September 30, 2022 | $ | 45,196 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,339 |  |  | $ | 48,535 |

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, $11.3 million in accrued employee severance has been released due to employee attrition and other employee agreements.
Asset impairments are determined at the asset group level. Revenues and net operating income from the activities we have exited or will exit under the restructuring projects are not material to our operating segments or consolidated results.
Other restructuring costs include expenses for employee relocation, professional fees associated with employee severance, costs to exit the facilities once the operations in those facilities have ceased, and other costs associated with the liquidation of any affected legal entities. Costs associated with restructuring activities are generally presented in the Consolidated Statements of
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Operations as restructuring, except for certain costs associated with inventory write-downs, which are classified within cost of revenues, and accelerated depreciation expense, which is recognized according to the use of the asset. Restructuring expense is part of the Corporate unallocated segment and does not impact the results of our operating segments.
The current portions of restructuring liabilities were $15.3 million and $29.7 million as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 and are classified within other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The long-term portions of restructuring liabilities were $33.2 million and $55.3 million as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The long-term portions of restructuring liabilities are classified within other long-term obligations on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and include severance accruals and facility exit costs.
Note 13: Shareholders' Equity
Preferred Stock
We have authorized the issuance of 10 million shares of preferred stock with no par value. In the event of a liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the affairs of the corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of any outstanding preferred stock would be entitled to be paid a preferential amount per share to be determined by the Board of Directors prior to any payment to holders of common stock. There was no preferred stock issued or outstanding at September 30, 2022 or December 31, 2021.
Stock Repurchase Authorization
Effective November 1, 2021, Itron's Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase up to $100 million of our common stock over an 18-month period (the 2021 Stock Repurchase Program). Repurchases are made in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, and in accordance with applicable securities laws. During the first quarter of 2022, we repurchased 279,968 shares of our common stock under the 2021 Stock Repurchase Program. The average price paid per share was $60.60 (excluding commissions) for total of $17.0 million. No shares were repurchased during the second and third quarters of 2022. Following the announcement of the program and through September 30, 2022, we repurchased 405,282 shares at an average share price of $61.67 (excluding commissions) for a total of $25.0 million.
Convertible Note Hedge Transactions
We paid an aggregate amount of $84.1 million for the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those in the Convertible Notes, approximately 3.7 million shares of our common stock, the same number of shares initially underlying the Convertible Notes, at a strike price of approximately $126.00, subject to customary adjustments. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions will expire upon the maturity of the Convertible Notes, subject to earlier exercise or termination. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions are expected generally to reduce the potential dilutive effect of the conversion of our Convertible Notes and/or offset any cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount of the converted notes, as the case may be, in the event the price per share of our common stock, as measured under the terms of the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions, is greater than the strike price of the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions. The Convertible Note Hedge Transactions meet the criteria in ASC 815-40 to be classified within Stockholders' Equity, therefore the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions are not revalued after their issuance.
We made a tax election to integrate the Convertible Notes and the call options. We are retaining the identification statements in our books and records, together with a schedule providing the accruals on the synthetic debt instruments. The accounting impact of this tax election makes the call options deductible as original issue discount for tax purposes over the term of the Convertible Note, and results in a $20.6 million deferred tax asset recognized through equity.
Warrant Transactions
In addition, concurrently with entering into the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions, we separately entered into privately-negotiated Warrant Transactions, whereby we sold to the Counterparties warrants to acquire, collectively, subject to anti-dilution adjustments, 3.7 million shares of our common stock at an initial strike price of $180.00 per share, which represents a premium of 100% over the public offering price in the common stock issuance. We received aggregate proceeds of $45.3 million from the Warrant Transactions with the Counterparties, with such proceeds partially offsetting the costs of entering into the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions. The warrants expire in June 2026. If the market value per share of our common stock, as measured under the Warrant Transactions, exceeds the strike price of the warrants, the warrants will have a dilutive effect on our earnings per share, unless we elect, subject to certain conditions, to settle the warrants in cash. The warrants meet the criteria in ASC 815-40 to be classified within Stockholders' Equity, and therefore the warrants are not revalued after issuance.
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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The changes in the components of AOCI, net of tax, were as follows:

In thousands | Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments |  | Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Derivative Instruments |  | Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Nonderivative Instruments |  | Pension Benefit Obligation Adjustments |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balances at January 1, 2021 | $ | (84,843) |  |  | $ | (1,621) |  |  | $ | (14,380) |  |  | $ | (37,682) |  |  | $ | (138,526) |
OCI before reclassifications | (17,118) |  |  | 1,085 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (16,033) |
Amounts reclassified from AOCI | — |  |  | 733 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,087 |  |  | 2,820 |
Total other comprehensive income (loss) | (17,118) |  |  | 1,818 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,087 |  |  | (13,213) |
Balances at September 30, 2021 | $ | (101,961) |  |  | $ | 197 |  |  | $ | (14,380) |  |  | $ | (35,595) |  |  | $ | (151,739) |
Balances at January 1, 2022 | $ | (111,766) |  |  | $ | (210) |  |  | $ | (14,380) |  |  | $ | (21,742) |  |  | $ | (148,098) |
OCI before reclassifications | (55,716) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,183 |  |  | (51,533) |
Amounts reclassified from AOCI | 57,321 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 489 |  |  | 57,810 |
Total other comprehensive income (loss) | 1,605 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,672 |  |  | 6,277 |
Balances at September 30, 2022 | $ | (110,161) |  |  | $ | (210) |  |  | $ | (14,380) |  |  | $ | (17,070) |  |  | $ | (141,821) |

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The before-tax, income tax (provision) benefit, and net-of-tax amounts related to each component of OCI were as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Before-tax amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | $ | (28,380) |  |  | $ | (7,827) |  |  | $ | (55,917) |  |  | $ | (16,941) |
Foreign currency translation adjustment reclassified to net income (loss) for sale or disposal of business | 1,885 |  |  | — |  |  | 57,321 |  |  | — |
Net unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, designated as cash flow hedges | — |  |  | 478 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,103 |
Net hedging (gain) loss reclassified to net income (loss) | — |  |  | 32 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,200 |
Net unrealized gain (loss) on defined benefit plans | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,205 |  |  | — |
Net defined benefit plan (gain) loss reclassified to net income (loss) | 204 |  |  | 698 |  |  | 492 |  |  | 2,121 |
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax | $ | (26,291) |  |  | $ | (6,619) |  |  | $ | 6,101 |  |  | $ | (12,517) |
Tax (provision) benefit |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | $ | 183 |  |  | $ | 63 |  |  | $ | 201 |  |  | $ | (177) |
Foreign currency translation adjustment reclassified to net income (loss) for sale or disposal of business | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Net unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, designated as cash flow hedges | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18) |
Net hedging (gain) loss reclassified to net income (loss) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (467) |
Net unrealized gain (loss) on defined benefit plans | (6) |  |  | — |  |  | (22) |  |  | — |
Net defined benefit plan (gain) loss reclassified to net income (loss) | (2) |  |  | (11) |  |  | (3) |  |  | (34) |
Total other comprehensive income (loss) tax (provision) benefit | $ | 175 |  |  | $ | 52 |  |  | $ | 176 |  |  | $ | (696) |
Net-of-tax amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | $ | (28,197) |  |  | $ | (7,764) |  |  | $ | (55,716) |  |  | $ | (17,118) |
Foreign currency translation adjustment reclassified to net income (loss) for sale or disposal of business | 1,885 |  |  | — |  |  | 57,321 |  |  | — |
Net unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, designated as cash flow hedges | — |  |  | 478 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,085 |
Net hedging (gain) loss reclassified to net income (loss) | — |  |  | 32 |  |  | — |  |  | 733 |
Net unrealized gain (loss) on defined benefit plans | (6) |  |  | — |  |  | 4,183 |  |  | — |
Net defined benefit plan (gain) loss reclassified to net income (loss) | 202 |  |  | 687 |  |  | 489 |  |  | 2,087 |
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | $ | (26,116) |  |  | $ | (6,567) |  |  | $ | 6,277 |  |  | $ | (13,213) |

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Note 14: Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair values at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 do not reflect subsequent changes in the economy, interest rates, tax rates, and other variables that may affect the determination of fair value.

| September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021
In thousands | Carrying Amount |  | Fair Value |  | Carrying Amount |  | Fair Value
Credit facility |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Multicurrency revolving line of credit | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Convertible notes | 451,947 |  |  | 363,363 |  |  | 450,228 |  |  | 422,749 |

The following methods and assumptions were used in estimating fair values:
Cash and cash equivalents: Due to the liquid nature of these instruments, the carrying amount approximates fair value (Level 1).
Credit Facility - multicurrency revolving line of credit: The revolver is not traded publicly. The fair values, which are determined based upon a hypothetical market participant, are calculated using a discounted cash flow model with Level 2 inputs, including estimates of incremental borrowing rates for debt with similar terms, maturities, and credit profiles. Refer to Note 6: Debt for a further discussion of our debt.
Convertible Notes: The Convertible Notes are not listed on any securities exchange but may be actively traded. The fair value is estimated using Level 1 inputs, as it is based on quoted prices for these instruments in active markets.
Derivatives: Refer to Note 7: Derivative Financial Instruments for a description of our methods and assumptions in determining the fair value of our derivatives, which were determined using Level 2 inputs. Each derivative asset and liability has a carrying value equal to fair value.
Note 15: Segment Information
We operate under the Itron brand worldwide and manage and report under three operating segments: Device Solutions, Networked Solutions, and Outcomes.
We have three GAAP measures of segment performance: revenues, gross profit (gross margin), and operating income (operating margin). Intersegment revenues are minimal. Certain operating expenses are allocated to the operating segments based upon internally established allocation methodologies. Corporate operating expenses, interest income, interest expense, other income (expense), and the income tax provision (benefit) are neither allocated to the segments, nor are they included in the measure of segment performance. Goodwill impairment charges are recognized in Corporate unallocated. Refer to Note 5: Goodwill for discussion of goodwill impairment recognized during the second quarter of 2022. In addition, we allocate only certain production assets and intangible assets to our operating segments. We do not manage the performance of the segments on a balance sheet basis.
Segment Products
Device Solutions – This segment primarily includes hardware products used for measurement, control, or sensing that do not have communications capability embedded for use with our broader Itron systems, i.e., hardware-based products not part of a complete end-to-end solution. Examples from the Device Solutions portfolio include: standard endpoints that are shipped without Itron communications, such as our standard gas, electricity, and water meters for a variety of global markets and adhering to regulations and standards within those markets, as well as our heat and allocation products; communicating meters that are not a part of an Itron end-to-end solution, such as Smart Spec meters; and the implementation and installation of non-communicating devices.
Networked Solutions – This segment primarily includes a combination of communicating devices (e.g., smart meters, modules, endpoints, and sensors), network infrastructure, and associated application software designed and sold as a complete solution for acquiring and transporting robust application-specific data. Networked Solutions includes products and software for the implementation, installation, and management of communicating devices and data networks. Examples from the Networked Solutions portfolio include: communicating measurement, control, or sensing endpoints, such as our Itron OpenWay® Centron and Riva meters, Itron traditional ERT® technology, Intelis smart gas meters, 500G gas communication modules, 500W water
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communication modules, GenX networking infrastructure products and network interface cards (NICs), Smart City control and management software, Distribution Automation bridge devices, and specific network control and management software applications. The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) solutions supported by this segment include automated meter reading (AMR), advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), smart grid and distribution automation, smart street lighting, and an ever-growing set of smart city applications such as traffic management, smart parking, air quality monitoring, electric vehicle charging, customer engagement, digital signage, acoustic (e.g., gunshot) detection, and leak detection and mitigation for both gas and water systems. Our IIoT platform allows all these industry and smart city applications to be run and managed on a single, multi-purpose network.
Outcomes – This segment primarily includes our value-added, enhanced software and services in which we manage, organize, analyze, and interpret raw, anonymized and aggregated data to improve decision making, maximize operational profitability, drive resource efficiency, improve grid analytics, and deliver results for consumers, utilities, and smart cities. Outcomes places an emphasis on delivering to Itron customers high-value, turn-key, digital experiences by leveraging the footprint of our Device Solutions and Networked Solutions segments. The revenues from these offerings are primarily recurring in nature and would include any direct management of Device Solutions, Networked Solutions, and other products on behalf of our end customers. Examples from the Outcomes portfolio include: our meter data management and analytics offerings; our managed service solutions including Network-as-a-Service (NaaS) and Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS); forecasting software and services; our Distributed Energy Management suite of products and services; our Distributed Intelligence suite of applications and services; and any consulting-based engagement. Within the Outcomes segment, we also identify new business models, including performance-based contracting, to drive broader portfolio offerings across utilities and cities.
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Revenues, gross profit, and operating income associated with our operating segments were as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Product revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Device Solutions | $ | 92,893 |  |  | $ | 149,830 |  |  | $ | 334,212 |  |  | $ | 480,808 |
Networked Solutions | 240,498 |  |  | 242,527 |  |  | 731,358 |  |  | 736,397 |
Outcomes | 14,400 |  |  | 18,590 |  |  | 41,929 |  |  | 48,265 |
Total Company | $ | 347,791 |  |  | $ | 410,947 |  |  | $ | 1,107,499 |  |  | $ | 1,265,470 |
Service revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Device Solutions | $ | 1,110 |  |  | $ | 2,404 |  |  | $ | 4,166 |  |  | $ | 7,174 |
Networked Solutions | 29,374 |  |  | 31,971 |  |  | 86,796 |  |  | 91,473 |
Outcomes | 42,585 |  |  | 41,627 |  |  | 129,612 |  |  | 131,818 |
Total Company | $ | 73,069 |  |  | $ | 76,002 |  |  | $ | 220,574 |  |  | $ | 230,465 |
Total revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Device Solutions | $ | 94,003 |  |  | $ | 152,234 |  |  | $ | 338,378 |  |  | $ | 487,982 |
Networked Solutions | 269,872 |  |  | 274,498 |  |  | 818,154 |  |  | 827,870 |
Outcomes | 56,985 |  |  | 60,217 |  |  | 171,541 |  |  | 180,083 |
Total Company | $ | 420,860 |  |  | $ | 486,949 |  |  | $ | 1,328,073 |  |  | $ | 1,495,935 |
Gross profit |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Device Solutions | $ | 14,805 |  |  | $ | 22,480 |  |  | $ | 50,489 |  |  | $ | 85,228 |
Networked Solutions | 81,895 |  |  | 89,915 |  |  | 263,155 |  |  | 298,627 |
Outcomes | 23,362 |  |  | 22,568 |  |  | 67,747 |  |  | 68,027 |
Total Company | $ | 120,062 |  |  | $ | 134,963 |  |  | $ | 381,391 |  |  | $ | 451,882 |
Operating income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Device Solutions | $ | 7,066 |  |  | $ | 12,095 |  |  | $ | 24,103 |  |  | $ | 53,784 |
Networked Solutions | 54,640 |  |  | 61,150 |  |  | 177,929 |  |  | 205,071 |
Outcomes | 11,339 |  |  | 11,774 |  |  | 28,789 |  |  | 34,647 |
Corporate unallocated | (66,157) |  |  | (80,856) |  |  | (250,641) |  |  | (265,331) |
Total Company | 6,888 |  |  | 4,163 |  |  | (19,820) |  |  | 28,171 |
Total other income (expense) | (1,943) |  |  | (4,037) |  |  | (6,704) |  |  | (42,465) |
Income (loss) before income taxes | $ | 4,945 |  |  | $ | 126 |  |  | $ | (26,524) |  |  | $ | (14,294) |

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, no customer represented more than 10% of total company revenue.
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Revenues by region were as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
United States and Canada | $ | 317,960 |  |  | $ | 323,784 |  |  | $ | 947,684 |  |  | $ | 957,993 |
Europe, Middle East, and Africa | 80,735 |  |  | 126,548 |  |  | 306,962 |  |  | 437,768 |
Asia Pacific | 22,165 |  |  | 36,617 |  |  | 73,427 |  |  | 100,174 |
Total Company | $ | 420,860 |  |  | $ | 486,949 |  |  | $ | 1,328,073 |  |  | $ | 1,495,935 |

Depreciation expense is allocated to the operating segments based upon each segment's use of the assets. All amortization expense is recognized within Corporate unallocated. Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets expense associated with our operating segments was as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Device Solutions | $ | 3,566 |  |  | $ | 5,911 |  |  | $ | 11,049 |  |  | $ | 17,708 |
Networked Solutions | 4,401 |  |  | 4,274 |  |  | 13,126 |  |  | 12,801 |
Outcomes | 2,057 |  |  | 1,068 |  |  | 4,184 |  |  | 3,431 |
Corporate unallocated | 7,337 |  |  | 10,080 |  |  | 22,253 |  |  | 30,312 |
Total Company | $ | 17,361 |  |  | $ | 21,333 |  |  | $ | 50,612 |  |  | $ | 64,252 |

Note 16: Revenues
A summary of significant net changes in the contract assets and the contract liabilities balances during the period is as follows:

In thousands | Contract Liabilities, Less Contract Assets
Beginning balance, January 1, 2022 | $ | 83,180 |
Revenues recognized from beginning contract liability | (47,909) |
Cumulative catch-up adjustments | 998 |
Increases due to amounts collected or due | 246,723 |
Revenues recognized from current period increases | (192,423) |
Other | (2,755) |
Ending balance, September 30, 2022 | $ | 87,814 |

On January 1, 2022, total contract assets were $33.7 million and total contract liabilities were $116.9 million. On September 30, 2022, total contract assets were $58.3 million and total contract liabilities were $146.1 million. The contract assets primarily relate to contracts that include a retention clause and allocations related to contracts with multiple performance obligations. The contract liabilities primarily relate to deferred revenue, such as extended warranty and maintenance cost. The cumulative catch-up adjustments relate to contract modifications, measure-of-progress changes, and changes in the estimate of the transaction price.
Transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations
Total transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations represents committed but undelivered products and services for contracts and purchase orders at period end. Twelve-month remaining performance obligations represent the portion of total transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations that we estimate will be recognized as revenue over the next 12 months. Total transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations is not a complete measure of our future revenues as we also receive orders where the customer may have legal termination rights but are not likely to terminate.
Total transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations related to contracts is approximately $1.4 billion for the next 12 months and approximately $1.6 billion for periods longer than 12 months. The total remaining performance obligations consist of product and service components. The service component relates primarily to maintenance agreements for which customers pay a full year's maintenance in advance, and service revenues are generally recognized over the service period. Total transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations also includes our extended warranty contracts, for which
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revenue is recognized over the warranty period, and hardware, which is recognized as units are delivered. The estimate of when remaining performance obligations will be recognized requires significant judgment.
Cost to obtain a contract and cost to fulfill a contract with a customer
Cost to obtain a contract and costs to fulfill a contract were capitalized and amortized using a systematic rational approach to align with the transfer of control of underlying contracts with customers. While amounts were capitalized, they are not material.
Disaggregation of revenue
Refer to Note 15: Segment Information and the Consolidated Statements of Operations for disclosure regarding the disaggregation of revenue into categories, which depict how revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Specifically, our operating segments and geographical regions as disclosed, and categories for products, which include hardware and software and services, are presented.
Note 17: Sale of Business
Sale to Dresser
On November 2, 2021, Itron entered into a definitive securities and asset purchase agreement to sell certain of its Gas device manufacturing and business operations in Europe and North America to Dresser. The sale included one German subsidiary – Itron GmbH along with its business operations, personnel, and the owned manufacturing facility in Karlsruhe; the business operations, personnel, and assets associated with the leased manufacturing facility in Argenteuil, France; and the business and manufacturing assets maintained at one of our contract manufacturers in North America. The base sale price of this divestiture was $75.0 million, with adjustments for (1) pension liabilities assumed by Dresser for related active employees and (2) the final working capital balance. Cash proceeds from the sale were $55.9 million.
The transaction closed on February 28, 2022. The final sales price and loss on sale will be determined and recognized after the finalization of the working capital adjustment, expected in the fourth quarter of 2022. As of December 31, 2021, we recognized a pre-tax impairment loss of $34.4 million as well as $3.1 million for professional services in conjunction with the planned sale to Dresser (classified within loss on sale of business within the Consolidated Statements of Operations). In determining the amount of the impairment loss for the assets of this transaction during the fourth quarter of 2021, we included $59.7 million of accumulated foreign currency translation losses and $0.9 million in unrealized loss on defined benefit pension plans, both classified within AOCI. Upon closing of the sale transaction in the first quarter of 2022, the then outstanding amounts in AOCI were reclassified to net income through loss on sale of business for a total of $55.4 million, with a corresponding reversal of the impairment loss originally booked in the fourth quarter of 2021. The difference between the amounts included for the impairment loss in the fourth quarter of 2021 and the first quarter of 2022 was driven by the change in the euro to U.S. dollar exchange rate, and operating results for the period owned in 2022.
In the first quarter of 2022, we recognized additional loss of $2.2 million related to changes in the working capital balances and additional professional services. In the second quarter of 2022, the loss increased by $0.2 million for professional services related to the divestiture. In the third quarter of 2022, we recognized additional loss of $0.8 million related primarily to a true-up in the working capital balances.
Item 2: Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes included in this report and with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in our Annual Report on Form 10-K on February 28, 2022 (2021 Annual Report).
The objective of Management’s Discussion and Analysis is to provide our assessment of the financial condition and results of operations, including an evaluation of our liquidity and capital resources along with material events occurring during the year. The discussion and analysis focuses on material events and uncertainties known to management that are reasonably likely to cause reported financial information not to be necessarily indicative of future operating results or of future financial condition. In addition, we address matters that are reasonably likely, based on management’s assessment, to have a material impact on future operations. We expect the analysis will enhance a reader’s understanding of our financial condition, cash flows, and other changes in financial condition and results of operations.
Documents we provide to the SEC are available free of charge under the Investors section of our website at www.itron.com as soon as practicable after they are filed with or furnished to the SEC. In addition, these documents are available at the SEC's website (http://www.sec.gov).
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Certain Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains, and our officers and representatives may from time to time make, "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are neither historical factors nor assurances of future performance. These statements are based on our expectations about, among others, revenues, operations, financial performance, earnings, liquidity, earnings per share, cash flows and restructuring activities including headcount reductions and other cost savings initiatives. This document reflects our current strategy, plans and expectations and is based on information currently available as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. When we use words such as "expect", "intend", "anticipate", "believe", "plan", "goal", "seek", "project", "estimate", "future", "strategy", "objective", "may", "likely", "should", "will", "will continue", and similar expressions, including related to future periods, they are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements rely on a number of assumptions and estimates. Although we believe the estimates and assumptions upon which these forward-looking statements are based are reasonable, any of these estimates or assumptions could prove to be inaccurate and the forward-looking statements based on these estimates and assumptions could be incorrect. Our operations involve risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside our control, and any one of which, or a combination of which, could materially affect our results of operations and whether the forward-looking statements ultimately prove to be correct. Actual results and trends in the future may differ materially from those suggested or implied by the forward-looking statements depending on a variety of factors. Therefore, you should not rely on any of these forward-looking statements. Some of the factors that we believe could affect our results include our ability to execute on our restructuring plans, our ability to achieve estimated cost savings, the rate and timing of customer demand for our products, rescheduling of current customer orders, changes in estimated liabilities for product warranties, adverse impacts of litigation, changes in laws and regulations, our dependence on new product development and intellectual property, future acquisitions, changes in estimates for stock-based and bonus compensation, increasing volatility in foreign exchange rates, international business risks, uncertainties caused by adverse economic conditions, including, without limitation those resulting from extraordinary events or circumstances such as the COVID-19 pandemic and other factors that are more fully described in Part I, Item 1A: Risk Factors included in our 2021 Annual Report and other reports on file with the SEC. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether written or oral.
Overview
We are a technology and service company, and we are a leader in the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). We offer solutions that enable utilities and municipalities to safely, securely, and reliably operate their critical infrastructure. Our solutions include the deployment of smart networks, software, services, devices, sensors, and data analytics that allow our customers to manage assets, secure revenue, lower operational costs, improve customer service, improve safety, and enable efficient management of valuable resources. Our comprehensive solutions and data analytics address the unique challenges facing the energy, water, and municipality sectors, including increasing demand on resources, non-technical loss, leak detection, environmental and regulatory compliance, and improved operational reliability.
We operate under the Itron brand worldwide and manage and report under three operating segments: Device Solutions, Networked Solutions, and Outcomes. The product and operating definitions of the three segments are as follows:
Device Solutions – This segment primarily includes hardware products used for measurement, control, or sensing that do not have communications capability embedded for use with our broader Itron systems, i.e., hardware-based products not part of a complete end-to-end solution. Examples from the Device Solutions portfolio include: standard endpoints that are shipped without Itron communications, such as our standard gas, electricity, and water meters for a variety of global markets and adhering to regulations and standards within those markets, as well as our heat and allocation products; communicating meters that are not a part of an Itron end-to-end solution, such as Smart Spec meters; and the implementation and installation of non-communicating devices.
Networked Solutions – This segment primarily includes a combination of communicating devices (e.g., smart meters, modules, endpoints, and sensors), network infrastructure, and associated application software designed and sold as a complete solution for acquiring and transporting robust application-specific data. Networked Solutions includes products and software for the implementation, installation, and management of communicating devices and data networks. Examples from the Networked Solutions portfolio include: communicating measurement, control, or sensing endpoints, such as our Itron OpenWay® Centron and Riva meters, Itron traditional ERT® technology, Intelis smart gas meters, 500G gas communication modules, 500W water communication modules, GenX networking infrastructure products and network interface cards (NICs), Smart City control and management software, Distribution Automation bridge devices, and specific network control and management software applications. The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) solutions supported by this segment include automated meter reading
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(AMR), advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), smart grid and distribution automation, smart street lighting, and an ever-growing set of smart city applications such as traffic management, smart parking, air quality monitoring, electric vehicle charging, customer engagement, digital signage, acoustic (e.g., gunshot) detection, and leak detection and mitigation for both gas and water systems. Our IIoT platform allows all these industry and smart city applications to be run and managed on a single, multi-purpose network.
Outcomes – This segment primarily includes our value-added, enhanced software and services in which we manage, organize, analyze, and interpret raw, anonymized and aggregated data to improve decision making, maximize operational profitability, drive resource efficiency, improve grid analytics, and deliver results for consumers, utilities, and smart cities. Outcomes places an emphasis on delivering to Itron customers high-value, turn-key, digital experiences by leveraging the footprint of our Device Solutions and Networked Solutions segments. The revenues from these offerings are primarily recurring in nature and would include any direct management of Device Solutions, Networked Solutions, and other products on behalf of our end customers. Examples from the Outcomes portfolio include: our meter data management and analytics offerings; our managed service solutions including Network-as-a-Service (NaaS) and Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS); forecasting software and services; our Distributed Energy Management suite of products and services; our Distributed Intelligence suite of applications and services; and any consulting-based engagement. Within the Outcomes segment, we also identify new business models, including performance-based contracting, to drive broader portfolio offerings across utilities and cities.
We have three measures of segment performance: revenues, gross profit (margin), and operating income (margin). Intersegment revenues are minimal. Certain operating expenses are allocated to the operating segments based upon internally established allocation methodologies. Interest income, interest expense, other income (expense), the income tax provision (benefit), and certain corporate operating expenses are neither allocated to the segments nor included in the measures of segment performance.
Non-GAAP Measures
To supplement our consolidated financial statements, which are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP), we use certain adjusted or non-GAAP financial measures, including non-GAAP operating expense, non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP net income, non-GAAP diluted earnings per share (EPS), adjusted EBITDA, constant currency, and free cash flow. We provide these non-GAAP financial measures because we believe they provide greater transparency and represent supplemental information used by management in its financial and operational decision making. We exclude certain costs in our non-GAAP financial measures as we believe the net result is a measure of our core business. We believe these measures facilitate operating performance comparisons from period to period by eliminating potential differences caused by the existence and timing of certain expense items that would not otherwise be apparent on a GAAP basis. Non-GAAP performance measures should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, results prepared in accordance with GAAP. We strongly encourage investors and shareholders to review our financial statements and publicly-filed reports in their entirety and not to rely on any single financial measure. Our non-GAAP financial measures may be different from those reported by other companies.
In our discussions of the operating results below, we sometimes refer to the impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, which are references to the differences between the foreign currency exchange rates we use to convert operating results from local currencies into U.S. dollars for reporting purposes. We also use the term "constant currency", which represents results adjusted to exclude foreign currency exchange rate impacts. We calculate the constant currency change as the difference between the current period results translated using the current period currency exchange rates and the comparable prior period's results restated using current period currency exchange rates. We believe the reconciliations of changes in constant currency provide useful supplementary information to investors in light of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.
Refer to the Non-GAAP Measures section below on pages 46-49 for information about these non-GAAP measures and the detailed reconciliation of items that impacted free cash flow, non-GAAP operating expense, non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP net income, adjusted EBITDA, and non-GAAP diluted EPS in the presented periods.
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Total Company Highlights
Highlights and significant developments for the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared with the three months ended September 30, 2021
•Revenues were $420.9 million compared with $486.9 million in 2021, a decrease of 14%
•Gross margin was 28.5%, compared with 27.7% in 2021
•Operating expenses decreased $17.6 million, or 13%, compared with 2021
•Net income attributable to Itron, Inc. was $4.1 million compared with net loss of $1.9 million in 2021
•GAAP diluted EPS increased by $0.13 to a diluted income per share of $0.09 in 2022
•Non-GAAP net income attributable to Itron, Inc. was $10.5 million compared with $9.5 million in 2021
•Non-GAAP diluted EPS was $0.23, an increase of $0.02 compared with 2021
•Adjusted EBITDA was $24.3 million compared with $26.1 million in 2021
Highlights and significant developments for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2021
•Revenues were $1.3 billion compared with $1.5 billion in 2021, a decrease of $167.9 million, or 11%
•Gross margin was 28.7% compared with 30.2% in 2021
•Operating expenses decreased $22.5 million, or 5%, compared with 2021
•Net loss attributable to Itron, Inc. was $31.9 million compared with net loss of $22.4 million in 2021
•GAAP loss per share increased by $0.20 to a loss per share of $0.71 in 2022
•Non-GAAP net income attributable to Itron, Inc. was $18.8 million compared with $44.0 million in 2021
•Non-GAAP diluted EPS was $0.42, a decrease of $0.57 compared with 2021
•Adjusted EBITDA was $60.7 million compared with $112.0 million in 2021
Bookings and Backlog
Bookings during the quarter were $578 million resulting in a book to bill ratio of 1.4:1. Total backlog was $4.2 billion, and twelve-month backlog was $1.6 billion at September 30, 2022, compared with $3.4 billion and $1.4 billion at September 30, 2021.
Goodwill Impairment
As the result of increases in raw material, component, labor and other costs, coupled with a decrease in forecasted revenue within the Device Solutions operating segment and reporting unit, which we determined during the second quarter of 2022, we performed an interim goodwill impairment test. At the conclusion of the test, a goodwill impairment of $38.5 million was recognized in our Corporate unallocated segment as of June 30, 2022. No interim impairment test was determined to be necessary for the Networked Solutions or Outcomes reporting units. Refer to Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in Part II, Item 8: Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 for a description of our reporting units and our method used to determine the fair values of our reporting units and to determine the amount of any goodwill impairment.
Sale of Business
On November 2, 2021, Itron entered into a definitive securities and asset purchase agreement to sell certain of its Gas device manufacturing and business operations in Europe and North America to Dresser Utility Solutions (Dresser). The sale included one German subsidiary – Itron GmbH along with its business operations, personnel, and the owned manufacturing facility in Karlsruhe; the business operations, personnel, and assets associated with the leased manufacturing facility in Argenteuil, France; and the business and manufacturing assets maintained at one of our contract manufacturers in North America. The base sale price of this divestiture was $75.0 million, with adjustments for (1) pension liabilities assumed by Dresser for related active employees and (2) the final working capital balance. Cash proceeds from the sale were $55.9 million.
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The transaction closed on February 28, 2022. The final sales price and loss on sale will be determined and recognized after the finalization of the working capital adjustment, expected in the fourth quarter of 2022. As of December 31, 2021, we recognized a pre-tax impairment loss of $34.4 million as well as $3.1 million for professional services in conjunction with the planned sale to Dresser (classified within loss on sale of business within the Consolidated Statements of Operations). In determining the amount of the impairment loss for the assets of this transaction during the fourth quarter of 2021, we included $59.7 million of accumulated foreign currency translation losses and $0.9 million in unrealized loss on defined benefit pension plans, both classified within accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI). Upon closing of the sale transaction in the first quarter of 2022, the then outstanding amounts in AOCI were reclassified to net income through loss on sale of business for a total of $55.4 million, with a corresponding reversal of the impairment loss originally booked in the fourth quarter of 2021. The difference between the amounts included for the impairment loss in the fourth quarter of 2021 and the first quarter of 2022 was driven by the change in the euro to U.S. dollar exchange rate, and operating results for the period owned in 2022.
In the first quarter of 2022, we recognized additional loss of $2.2 million related to changes in the working capital balances and additional professional services. In the second quarter of 2022, the loss increased by $0.2 million for professional services related to the divestiture. In the third quarter of 2022, we recognized additional loss of $0.8 million related primarily to a true-up in the working capital balances.
Impact of COVID-19, Supply Chain Challenges, and the Conflict in Ukraine
The COVID-19 pandemic has had global economic impacts including disrupting customer demand and global supply chains, resulting in market volatility. The extent of the recent pandemic and its ongoing impact on our operations is volatile, but is being monitored closely by our management. New variants of the virus may cause previously lifted restrictions to be reinstated, which could result in more disruptions. As economies have reopened, global supply chains have struggled to keep pace with rapidly changing demand. The resulting supply constraints have manifested across a variety of areas including mechanical, electrical, and logistics portions of the supply chain, which has impacted our ability to ship products in a timely manner. In particular, our ability to obtain adequate supply of semiconductor components has impacted our ability to service recovering customer demand. While we believe the current imbalance in supply and demand is temporal, the timeline to recovery is uncertain. Efforts are ongoing with suppliers to increase supply, including the approval of alternate sources. Recently, inflation in our raw materials and component costs, freight charges, and labor costs have increased above historical levels, due to, among other things, the continuing impacts of the pandemic and uncertain economic environment. We may or may not be able to fully recover these increased costs through pricing actions with our customers. At this time, we have not identified any significant decrease in long-term customer demand for our products and services. However, certain of our customer projects have experienced delay in deliveries, with revenue originally forecasted in prior periods shifting to future periods. For more information on risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, please see our risk in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors in our 2021 Annual Report.
The COVID-19 pandemic remains a rapidly evolving situation with varying impacts on the locations in which we do business. Changes in the mix of earnings or losses from our different geographical operations, as well as any future enactment of tax legislation and other factors, may result in more volatile quarterly and annual effective tax rates. The detrimental impacts to financial results may be partially offset by financial assistance from the U.S. or the municipalities in which we operate, including employer payroll tax credits for wages paid to employees who are unable to work during the COVID-19 pandemic. Other benefits, including options to defer payroll tax payments and additional deductions, resulted in reduced cash payments in 2020, but increased cash outlays during 2021 and into 2022.
While we have limited direct business exposure in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine, the Russian military actions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect the global economy, as well as further disrupt the supply chain. A major disruption in the global economy and supply chain could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions, and resulting market and/or supply disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial. During the third quarter of 2022, we substantially liquidated our legal entity in Russia, recognizing a loss of $1.9 million for the reclassification of the currency translation adjustment from accumulated other comprehensive income. The loss was classified within sales, general and administrative expense within the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
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Total Company GAAP and Non-GAAP Highlights and Unit Shipments:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands, except margin and per share data | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | % Change |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | % Change
GAAP |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Product revenues | $ | 347,791 |  |  | $ | 410,947 |  |  | (15)% |  | $ | 1,107,499 |  |  | $ | 1,265,470 |  |  | (12)%
Service revenues | 73,069 |  |  | 76,002 |  |  | (4)% |  | 220,574 |  |  | 230,465 |  |  | (4)%
Total revenues | 420,860 |  |  | 486,949 |  |  | (14)% |  | 1,328,073 |  |  | 1,495,935 |  |  | (11)%
Gross profit | 120,062 |  |  | 134,963 |  |  | (11)% |  | 381,391 |  |  | 451,882 |  |  | (16)%
Operating expenses | 113,174 |  |  | 130,800 |  |  | (13)% |  | 401,211 |  |  | 423,711 |  |  | (5)%
Operating income (loss) | 6,888 |  |  | 4,163 |  |  | 65% |  | (19,820) |  |  | 28,171 |  |  | NM
Other income (expense) | (1,943) |  |  | (4,037) |  |  | (52)% |  | (6,704) |  |  | (42,465) |  |  | (84)%
Income tax provision | (473) |  |  | (1,136) |  |  | (58)% |  | (4,973) |  |  | (5,581) |  |  | (11)%
Net income (loss) attributable to Itron, Inc. | 4,117 |  |  | (1,869) |  |  | NM |  | (31,944) |  |  | (22,389) |  |  | 43%
Non-GAAP(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-GAAP operating expenses | $ | 105,262 |  |  | $ | 118,609 |  |  | (11)% |  | $ | 348,265 |  |  | $ | 369,721 |  |  | (6)%
Non-GAAP operating income | 14,800 |  |  | 16,354 |  |  | (10)% |  | 33,126 |  |  | 82,161 |  |  | (60)%
Non-GAAP net income attributable to Itron, Inc. | 10,513 |  |  | 9,452 |  |  | 11% |  | 18,817 |  |  | 44,043 |  |  | (57)%
Adjusted EBITDA | 24,328 |  |  | 26,123 |  |  | (7)% |  | 60,700 |  |  | 111,982 |  |  | (46)%
GAAP Margins and Earnings Per Share |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross margin |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Product gross margin | 25.7 | % |  | 25.5 | % |  |  |  | 26.1 | % |  | 28.2 | % |  |
Service gross margin | 42.2 | % |  | 39.7 | % |  |  |  | 42.0 | % |  | 41.4 | % |  |
Total gross margin | 28.5 | % |  | 27.7 | % |  |  |  | 28.7 | % |  | 30.2 | % |  |
Operating margin | 1.6 | % |  | 0.9 | % |  |  |  | (1.5) | % |  | 1.9 | % |  |
Net income (loss) per common share - Basic | $ | 0.09 |  |  | $ | (0.04) |  |  |  |  | $ | (0.71) |  |  | $ | (0.51) |  |  |
Net income (loss) per common share - Diluted | $ | 0.09 |  |  | $ | (0.04) |  |  |  |  | $ | (0.71) |  |  | $ | (0.51) |  |  |
Non-GAAP Earnings Per Share(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-GAAP diluted EPS | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.21 |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.42 |  |  | $ | 0.99 |  |  |

(1)These measures exclude certain expenses that we do not believe are indicative of our core operating results. See pages 46-49 for information about these non-GAAP measures and reconciliations to the most comparable GAAP measures.
Definition of an Endpoint Under Management
An "endpoint under management" is a unique endpoint, or data from that endpoint, which Itron manages via our networked platform or a third party's platform that is connected to one or multiple types of endpoints. Itron’s management of an endpoint occurs when on behalf of our client, we manage one or more of the physical endpoints, operating system, data, application, data analytics, and/or outcome deriving from this unique endpoint. Itron has the ability to monitor and/or manage endpoints or the data from the endpoints via NaaS, Software-as-a-Service (SaaS), and/or a licensed offering at a remote location designated by our client. Our offerings typically, but not exclusively, provide an Itron product or Itron certified partner product to our clients that has the capability of one-way communication or two-way communication of data that may include remote product configuration and upgradability. Examples of these offerings include our Temetra, OpenWay®, OpenWay® Riva and Gen X.
This metric primarily includes Itron or third-party endpoints deployed within the electricity, water, and gas utility industries, as well as within cities and municipalities around the globe. Endpoints under management also include smart communication modules and network interface cards (NICs) within Itron’s platforms. At times, these NICs are communicating modules that were sold separately from an Itron product directly to our customers or to third party manufacturers for use in endpoints such as
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electric, water, and gas meters; streetlights and other types of IIoT sensors and actuators; sensors and other capabilities that the end customer would like Itron to connect and manage on their behalf.
The "endpoint under management" metric only accounts for the specific, unique endpoint itself, though that endpoint may have multiple applications, services, outcomes, and higher margin recurring offerings associated with it. This metric does not reflect the multi-application value that can be derived from the individual endpoint itself. Additionally, this metric excludes those endpoints that are non-communicating, non-Itron system hardware component sales or licensed applications that Itron does not manage the unit or the data from that unit directly.
While the one-time sale of the platform and endpoints are primarily delivered via our Networked Solutions segment, our enhanced solutions, on-going monitoring, maintenance, software, analytics, and distributed intelligent applications are predominantly recognized in our Outcomes segment. We would anticipate the opportunity to increase our penetration of Outcomes applications, software, and managed applications will increase as our endpoints under management increases. Management believes using the endpoints under management metric enhances insight to the strategic and operational direction of our Networked Solutions and Outcomes segments to serve clients for years after their one-time installation of an endpoint.
A summary of our endpoints under management is as follows:

| As of September 30, |  |
Units in thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |  |
Endpoints under management | 91,541 |  |  | 78,487 |  |  |  |  |

Results of Operations
Revenues and Gross Margin
The actual results of and effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on revenues and gross profit were as follows:

|  |  |  |  |  | Effect of Changes in Foreign Currency Exchange Rates |  | Constant Currency Change |  | Total Change
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  |
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |
Total Company |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Revenues | $ | 420,860 |  |  | $ | 486,949 |  |  | $ | (21,317) |  |  | $ | (44,772) |  |  | $ | (66,089) |
| Gross profit | 120,062 |  |  | 134,963 |  |  | (3,887) |  |  | (11,014) |  |  | (14,901) |
|  |  |  | Effect of Changes in Foreign Currency Exchange Rates |  | Constant Currency Change |  | Total Change
|  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  |  |
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |
Total Company |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Revenues | $ | 1,328,073 |  |  | $ | 1,495,935 |  |  | $ | (52,019) |  |  | $ | (115,843) |  |  | $ | (167,862) |
| Gross profit | 381,391 |  |  | 451,882 |  |  | (10,832) |  |  | (59,659) |  |  | (70,491) |

Revenues - Three months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Three months ended September 30, 2021
Total revenues decreased $66.1 million, or 14%, compared with the same period in 2021. We have been unfavorably impacted by global component constraints, which limited our ability to fulfill customer demand. Product revenues decreased by $63.2 million and service revenues decreased $2.9 million. Device Solutions decreased by $58.2 million; Networked Solutions decreased by $4.6 million; and Outcomes decreased by $3.2 million when compared with the same period last year. Revenue decreased for Device Solutions partially due to the sale of certain Gas device manufacturing and business operations in Europe and North America to Dresser. Changes in exchange rates unfavorably impacted total revenues by $21.3 million, of which $16.7 million unfavorably impacted Device Solutions.
Revenues - Nine months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Total revenues decreased $167.9 million, or 11%, compared with the same period in 2021. We have been unfavorably impacted by global component constraints, which limited our ability to fulfill customer demand. Product revenues decreased by $158.0 million and service revenues decreased by $9.9 million. Device Solutions decreased by $149.6 million; Networked
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Solutions decreased by $9.7 million; and Outcomes decreased by $8.5 million when compared with the same period last year. Revenue decreased for Device Solutions partially due to the sale of certain Gas device manufacturing and business operations in Europe and North America to Dresser. Changes in exchange rates unfavorably impacted total revenues by $52.0 million, of which $41.1 million unfavorably impacted Device Solutions.
Gross Margin - Three months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Three months ended September 30, 2021
Gross margin was 28.5%, compared with 27.7% in 2021. We were favorably impacted due to mix, partially offset by inefficiencies related to component shortages in 2022 compared with 2021. Product sales gross margin increased to 25.7%, compared with 25.5% in 2021. Gross margin on service revenues increased to 42.2%, compared with 39.7% in 2021.
Gross Margin - Nine months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Gross margin was 28.7%, compared with 30.2% in 2021. We were unfavorably impacted by higher input costs and manufacturing inefficiencies in 2022 compared with 2021. Product sales gross margin decreased to 26.1%, compared with 28.2% in 2021, and gross margin on service revenues increased to 42.0%, compared with 41.4% in 2021.
Refer to Operating Segment Results section below for further detail on total company revenues and gross margin.
Operating Expenses
The actual results of and effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on operating expenses were as follows:

|  |  |  | Effect of Changes in Foreign Currency Exchange Rates |  | Constant Currency Change |  | Total Change
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  |
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |
Total Company |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Sales, general and administrative | $ | 63,446 |  |  | $ | 71,838 |  |  | $ | (4,370) |  |  | $ | (4,022) |  |  | $ | (8,392) |
| Research and development | 43,820 |  |  | 46,889 |  |  | (175) |  |  | (2,894) |  |  | (3,069) |
| Amortization of intangible assets | 6,413 |  |  | 8,944 |  |  | (246) |  |  | (2,285) |  |  | (2,531) |
| Restructuring | (1,272) |  |  | 958 |  |  | (118) |  |  | (2,112) |  |  | (2,230) |
| Loss on sale of business | 767 |  |  | 2,171 |  |  | (34) |  |  | (1,370) |  |  | (1,404) |
| Goodwill impairment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| Total operating expenses | $ | 113,174 |  |  | $ | 130,800 |  |  | $ | (4,943) |  |  | $ | (12,683) |  |  | $ | (17,626) |
|  |  |  | Effect of Changes in Foreign Currency Exchange Rates |  | Constant Currency Change |  | Total Change
|  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  |  |
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |
Total Company |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Sales, general and administrative | $ | 212,724 |  |  | $ | 221,974 |  |  | $ | (10,104) |  |  | $ | 854 |  |  | $ | (9,250) |
| Research and development | 138,471 |  |  | 147,379 |  |  | (964) |  |  | (7,944) |  |  | (8,908) |
| Amortization of intangible assets | 19,451 |  |  | 26,914 |  |  | (539) |  |  | (6,924) |  |  | (7,463) |
| Restructuring | (11,097) |  |  | (830) |  |  | 116 |  |  | (10,383) |  |  | (10,267) |
| Loss on sale of business | 3,182 |  |  | 28,274 |  |  | (1,226) |  |  | (23,866) |  |  | (25,092) |
| Goodwill impairment | 38,480 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 38,480 |  |  | 38,480 |
| Total operating expenses | $ | 401,211 |  |  | $ | 423,711 |  |  | $ | (12,717) |  |  | $ | (9,783) |  |  | $ | (22,500) |

Operating expenses decreased $17.6 million for the third quarter of 2022 as compared with the same period in 2021. This was primarily the result of a reduction of $8.4 million in sales, general and administrative, $3.1 million in research and development expenses, $2.5 million in amortization of intangible assets, and $2.2 million in restructuring. The reduction in sales, general and administrative and research and development expenses were primarily driven by management's cost saving actions, as well as reductions in labor costs and variable compensation.
Operating expenses decreased $22.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared with the same period in 2021. This was primarily the result of a reduction of $9.3 million in sales, general and administrative, $8.9 million in
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research and development expenses, $7.5 million in amortization of intangible assets, $10.3 million in restructuring, and $25.1 million for the loss on sale of business primarily related to the Latin America divestiture, which occurred in 2020, partially offset by $38.5 million in goodwill impairment in 2022. The reduction in sales, general and administrative and research and development expenses were primarily driven by management's cost saving actions, as well as reductions in labor costs and variable compensation.
Other Income (Expense)
The following table shows the components of other income (expense):

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | % Change |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | % Change
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |
Interest income | $ | 801 |  |  | $ | 352 |  |  | 128% |  | $ | 1,367 |  |  | $ | 1,326 |  |  | 3%
Amortization of prepaid debt fees | (890) |  |  | (1,949) |  |  | (54)% |  | (2,610) |  |  | (17,383) |  |  | (85)%
Other interest expense | (789) |  |  | (679) |  |  | 16% |  | (2,321) |  |  | (9,724) |  |  | (76)%
Interest expense | (1,679) |  |  | (2,628) |  |  | (36)% |  | (4,931) |  |  | (27,107) |  |  | (82)%
Other income (expense), net | (1,065) |  |  | (1,761) |  |  | (40)% |  | (3,140) |  |  | (16,684) |  |  | (81)%
Total other income (expense) | $ | (1,943) |  |  | $ | (4,037) |  |  | (52)% |  | $ | (6,704) |  |  | $ | (42,465) |  |  | (84)%

Total other income (expense) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was a net expense of $1.9 million and $6.7 million, compared with net expense of $4.0 million and $42.5 million in the same period in 2021.
The lower total expense for the three months ended September 30, 2022, as compared with the same period in 2021, was primarily driven by $1.1 million lower debt fee amortization.
The lower total expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as compared with the same period in 2021, was primarily driven by 2021 activity: $12.2 million write-off of prepaid debt fees associated with the repayment of senior subordinated notes, $2.6 million in lower debt fee amortization, $11.7 million related to the extinguishment of debt in other income (expense), net, as well as lower interest costs of $5.4 million for bonds and $2.2 million for the term loan.
Income Tax Provision
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, our income tax expense was $0.5 million and $5.0 million, respectively, compared with income tax expense of $1.1 million and $5.6 million for the same period in 2021. Our tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 of 10% and (19)%, differed from the federal statutory rate of 21% due to the impact of valuation allowances on deferred tax assets, the forecasted mix of earnings in domestic and international jurisdictions, U.S. taxation of foreign earnings including GILTI (Global Intangible Low Taxed Income), Subpart F, and ECI (Effectively Connected Income), discrete tax expense related to the Dresser divestiture, a discrete tax benefit due to goodwill impairment, an expense related to stock-based compensation, tax credits, and uncertain tax positions. Our tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 of 902% and (39)% differed from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to reserves on deferred sales price receivables recognized in the second quarter related to the 2020 divestiture of the majority of our Latin American business activities. This item was recognized for tax as a discrete and resulted in no tax benefit. Other rate drivers include losses in jurisdictions for which no benefit is recognized because of valuation allowances on deferred tax assets, the forecasted mix of earnings in domestic and international jurisdictions, a benefit related to stock-based compensation, and uncertain tax positions.
Beginning January 1, 2022, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 eliminates the option to deduct research and development expenditures currently and requires taxpayers to capitalize and amortize them over five or fifteen years, dependent upon the geography in which the expenditures are incurred. Although Congress is considering legislation that would defer the capitalization and amortization requirement, there is no assurance that the provision will be repealed or otherwise modified. As a result of research and development conducted outside of the U.S., the amount of expected inclusion of foreign earnings in our U.S. taxable income is largely driven by research and development cost capitalization, and may decrease significantly should these rules be deferred or revoked effective 2022. The income tax provision has been prepared according to currently enacted tax legislation, but a change in tax law with regards to capitalization of research and development expenditures would have a material beneficial impact on our annual effective tax rate.
For additional discussion related to income taxes, see Item 1: Financial Statements (Unaudited), Note 10: Income Taxes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
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Operating Segment Results
For a description of our operating segments, refer to Item 1: Financial Statements (Unaudited), Note 15: Segment Information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The following tables and discussion highlight significant changes in trends or components of each operating segment:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  |  |  |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  |  |  |
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | % Change |  |  |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | % Change |  |
Segment revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Device Solutions | $ | 94,003 |  |  | $ | 152,234 |  |  | (38)% |  |  |  | $ | 338,378 |  |  | $ | 487,982 |  |  | (31)% |  |
Networked Solutions | 269,872 |  |  | 274,498 |  |  | (2)% |  |  |  | 818,154 |  |  | 827,870 |  |  | (1)% |  |
Outcomes | 56,985 |  |  | 60,217 |  |  | (5)% |  |  |  | 171,541 |  |  | 180,083 |  |  | (5)% |  |
Total revenues | $ | 420,860 |  |  | $ | 486,949 |  |  | (14)% |  |  |  | $ | 1,328,073 |  |  | $ | 1,495,935 |  |  | (11)% |  |
| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
In thousands | Gross Profit |  | Gross Margin |  | Gross Profit |  | Gross Margin |  | Gross Profit |  | Gross Margin |  | Gross Profit |  | Gross Margin
Segment gross profit and margin |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Device Solutions | $ | 14,805 |  |  | 15.7% |  | $ | 22,480 |  |  | 14.8% |  | $ | 50,489 |  |  | 14.9% |  | $ | 85,228 |  |  | 17.5%
Networked Solutions | 81,895 |  |  | 30.3% |  | 89,915 |  |  | 32.8% |  | 263,155 |  |  | 32.2% |  | 298,627 |  |  | 36.1%
Outcomes | 23,362 |  |  | 41.0% |  | 22,568 |  |  | 37.5% |  | 67,747 |  |  | 39.5% |  | 68,027 |  |  | 37.8%
Total gross profit and margin | $ | 120,062 |  |  | 28.5% |  | $ | 134,963 |  |  | 27.7% |  | $ | 381,391 |  |  | 28.7% |  | $ | 451,882 |  |  | 30.2%
| Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  |  |  |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  |  |  |
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | % Change |  |  |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | % Change |  |
Segment operating expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Device Solutions | $ | 7,739 |  |  | $ | 10,385 |  |  | (25)% |  |  |  | $ | 26,386 |  |  | $ | 31,444 |  |  | (16)% |  |
Networked Solutions | 27,255 |  |  | 28,765 |  |  | (5)% |  |  |  | 85,226 |  |  | 93,556 |  |  | (9)% |  |
Outcomes | 12,023 |  |  | 10,794 |  |  | 11% |  |  |  | 38,958 |  |  | 33,380 |  |  | 17% |  |
Corporate unallocated | 66,157 |  |  | 80,856 |  |  | (18)% |  |  |  | 250,641 |  |  | 265,331 |  |  | (6)% |  |
Total operating expenses | $ | 113,174 |  |  | $ | 130,800 |  |  | (13)% |  |  |  | $ | 401,211 |  |  | $ | 423,711 |  |  | (5)% |  |
| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
In thousands | Operating Income (Loss) |  | Operating Margin |  | Operating Income (Loss) |  | Operating Margin |  | Operating Income (Loss) |  | Operating Margin |  | Operating Income (Loss) |  | Operating Margin
Segment operating income (loss) and operating margin |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Device Solutions | $ | 7,066 |  |  | 7.5% |  | $ | 12,095 |  |  | 7.9% |  | $ | 24,103 |  |  | 7.1% |  | $ | 53,784 |  |  | 11.0%
Networked Solutions | 54,640 |  |  | 20.2% |  | 61,150 |  |  | 22.3% |  | 177,929 |  |  | 21.7% |  | 205,071 |  |  | 24.8%
Outcomes | 11,339 |  |  | 19.9% |  | 11,774 |  |  | 19.6% |  | 28,789 |  |  | 16.8% |  | 34,647 |  |  | 19.2%
Corporate unallocated | (66,157) |  |  | NM |  | (80,856) |  |  | NM |  | (250,641) |  |  | NM |  | (265,331) |  |  | NM
Total operating income (loss) and operating margin | $ | 6,888 |  |  | 1.6% |  | $ | 4,163 |  |  | 0.9% |  | $ | (19,820) |  |  | (1.5)% |  | $ | 28,171 |  |  | 1.9%

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Device Solutions
The effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and the constant currency changes in certain Device Solutions segment financial results were as follows:

|  |  |  | Effect of Changes in Foreign Currency Exchange Rates |  | Constant Currency Change |  | Total Change
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  |
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |
Device Solutions Segment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Revenues | $ | 94,003 |  |  | $ | 152,234 |  |  | $ | (16,714) |  |  | $ | (41,517) |  |  | $ | (58,231) |
| Gross profit | 14,805 |  |  | 22,480 |  |  | (2,014) |  |  | (5,661) |  |  | (7,675) |
| Operating expenses | 7,739 |  |  | 10,385 |  |  | (468) |  |  | (2,178) |  |  | (2,646) |
|  |  |  | Effect of Changes in Foreign Currency Exchange Rates |  | Constant Currency Change |  | Total Change
|  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  |  |
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |
Device Solutions Segment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Revenues | $ | 338,378 |  |  | $ | 487,982 |  |  | $ | (41,118) |  |  | $ | (108,486) |  |  | $ | (149,604) |
| Gross profit | 50,489 |  |  | 85,228 |  |  | (5,668) |  |  | (29,071) |  |  | (34,739) |
| Operating expenses | 26,386 |  |  | 31,444 |  |  | (1,157) |  |  | (3,901) |  |  | (5,058) |

Revenues - Three months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Three months ended September 30, 2021
Revenues decreased $58.2 million, or 38%. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates unfavorably impacted revenues by $16.7 million. Revenue decreased over the prior year due to the discontinuation of some legacy products and the sale of certain Gas product lines to Dresser during 2022, as well as the impact of component shortages, which limited our ability to fulfill customer demand.
Revenues - Nine months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Nine months ended September 30, 2021
Revenues decreased $149.6 million, or 31%. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates unfavorably impacted revenues by $41.1 million. Revenue decreased over the prior year due to the discontinuation of some legacy products and the sale of certain Gas product lines to Dresser during the first quarter of 2022, as well as the impact of component shortages, which limited our ability to fulfill customer demand.
Gross Margin - Three months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Three months ended September 30, 2021
For the three months ended September 30, 2022, gross margin was 15.7%, compared with 14.8% for the same period in 2021. The 90 basis point increase over the prior year was primarily due to improved product mix partially offset by continued higher input costs and manufacturing inefficiencies related to component shortages.
Gross Margin - Nine months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Nine months ended September 30, 2021
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, gross margin was 14.9%, compared with 17.5% for the same period in 2021. The 260 basis point reduction over the prior year was primarily due to higher input costs and manufacturing inefficiencies related to component shortages.
Operating Expenses - Three months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Three months ended September 30, 2021
Operating expenses in 2022 compared with the same period in 2021 decreased $2.6 million, or 25%, due to management's cost savings actions resulting in a $1.3 million decrease in sales and marketing expenses and a $1.3 million decrease in research and development expenses.
Operating Expenses - Nine months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Nine months ended September 30, 2021
Operating expenses decreased $5.1 million, or 16%, for the first nine months of 2022, compared with the same period in 2021. The decrease was primarily due to management's cost savings actions resulting in a $3.0 million decrease in sales and marketing expenses and a $2.1 million decrease in research and development expenses.
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Networked Solutions
The effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and the constant currency changes in certain Networked Solutions segment financial results were as follows:

|  |  |  |  |  | Effect of Changes in Foreign Currency Exchange Rates |  | Constant Currency Change |  | Total Change
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  |
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |
Networked Solutions Segment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Revenues | $ | 269,872 |  |  | $ | 274,498 |  |  | $ | (2,349) |  |  | $ | (2,277) |  |  | $ | (4,626) |
| Gross profit | 81,895 |  |  | 89,915 |  |  | (830) |  |  | (7,190) |  |  | (8,020) |
| Operating expenses | 27,255 |  |  | 28,765 |  |  | (111) |  |  | (1,399) |  |  | (1,510) |
|  |  |  |  |  | Effect of Changes in Foreign Currency Exchange Rates |  | Constant Currency Change |  | Total Change
|  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  |  |
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |
Networked Solutions Segment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Revenues | $ | 818,154 |  |  | $ | 827,870 |  |  | $ | (5,797) |  |  | $ | (3,919) |  |  | $ | (9,716) |
| Gross profit | 263,155 |  |  | 298,627 |  |  | (2,717) |  |  | (32,755) |  |  | (35,472) |
| Operating expenses | 85,226 |  |  | 93,556 |  |  | (264) |  |  | (8,066) |  |  | (8,330) |

Revenues - Three months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Three months ended September 30, 2021
Revenues decreased $4.6 million, or 2%, compared with 2021. The change was primarily due to component shortages, which limited our ability to fulfill customer demand, partially offset by the ramp of new deployments. Product revenue was lower by $2.0 million and maintenance service revenue lower by $2.6 million.
Revenues - Nine months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Nine months ended September 30, 2021
Revenues decreased $9.7 million, or 1%, for the first nine months of 2022 compared with the same period in 2021. The change was primarily due to component shortages that limited our ability to fulfill customer demand, partially offset by the ramp of new deployments. Product revenue was lower by $5.0 million and maintenance service revenue lower by $4.7 million.
Gross Margin - Three months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Three months ended September 30, 2021
Gross margin decreased to 30.3% for the period ending September 30, 2022, compared with 32.8% in 2021. The 250 basis point decrease was primarily driven by unfavorable product mix, higher input costs, and manufacturing inefficiencies related to component shortages.
Gross Margin - Nine months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Nine months ended September 30, 2021
Gross margin was 32.2% for the 2022 period, compared with 36.1% in 2021. The 390 basis point decrease was primarily related to higher input costs, unfavorable product mix, and manufacturing inefficiencies related to component shortages.
Operating Expenses - Three months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Three months ended September 30, 2021
Operating expenses decreased $1.5 million, or 5%, in 2022 compared with the same period in 2021. The decrease was primarily related to reduced research and development expenses.
Operating Expenses - Nine months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Nine months ended September 30, 2021
Operating expenses decreased $8.3 million, or 9%, for the first nine months of 2022, compared with the same period in 2021. The decrease was primarily related to reduced research and development expenses.
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Outcomes
The effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and the constant currency changes in certain Outcomes segment financial results were as follows:

|  |  |  | Effect of Changes in Foreign Currency Exchange Rates |  | Constant Currency Change |  | Total Change
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  |  |
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |
Outcomes Segment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Revenues | $ | 56,985 |  |  | $ | 60,217 |  |  | $ | (2,253) |  |  | $ | (979) |  |  | $ | (3,232) |
| Gross profit | 23,362 |  |  | 22,568 |  |  | (1,043) |  |  | 1,837 |  |  | 794 |
| Operating expenses | 12,023 |  |  | 10,794 |  |  | (78) |  |  | 1,307 |  |  | 1,229 |
|  |  |  | Effect of Changes in Foreign Currency Exchange Rates |  | Constant Currency Change |  | Total Change
|  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  |  |
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  |
Outcomes Segment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Revenues | $ | 171,541 |  |  | $ | 180,083 |  |  | $ | (5,103) |  |  | $ | (3,439) |  |  | $ | (8,542) |
| Gross profit | 67,747 |  |  | 68,027 |  |  | (2,447) |  |  | 2,167 |  |  | (280) |
| Operating expenses | 38,958 |  |  | 33,380 |  |  | (164) |  |  | 5,742 |  |  | 5,578 |

Revenues - Three months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Three months ended September 30, 2021
Revenues decreased $3.2 million, or 5%, compared with the same period in 2021. This decrease was driven by a decrease in Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA) prepay sales.
Revenues - Nine months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Nine months ended September 30, 2021
Revenues decreased $8.5 million, or 5%, for the first nine months of 2022, compared with 2021. This decline was driven by a decrease in EMEA prepay sales.
Gross Margin - Three months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Three months ended September 30, 2021
Gross margin increased to 41.0% for the third quarter of 2022, compared with 37.5% for the same period last year. The 350 basis point increase was driven by more favorable managed services mix and other cost efficiencies.
Gross Margin - Nine months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Nine months ended September 30, 2021
Gross margin increased to 39.5% for the period ending in 2022, compared with 37.8% for last year. The 170 basis point increase was driven by favorable managed services mix and other cost efficiencies.
Operating Expenses - Three months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Three months ended September 30, 2021
Operating expenses for the 2022 period increased $1.2 million, compared with the same period last year. The increase was primarily related to increased research and development investment of $1.6 million offset by a decrease in marketing expenses of $0.4 million.
Operating Expenses - Nine months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Nine months ended September 30, 2021
Operating expenses for the first nine months of 2022 increased $5.6 million, or 17%, compared with the same period last year. This was primarily related to increased research and development expenses of $5.5 million.
Corporate Unallocated
Corporate Unallocated Expenses - Three months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Three months ended September 30, 2021
Operating expenses not directly associated with an operating segment are classified as Corporate unallocated. These expenses decreased $14.7 million, or 18%, for the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared with the same period in 2021. This was primarily the result of a reduction of $7.6 million in labor costs and variable compensation, $2.5 million in amortization of intangible assets, and $2.2 million in restructuring.
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Corporate Unallocated Expenses - Nine months ended September 30, 2022 vs. Nine months ended September 30, 2021
For the first nine months of 2022, Corporate unallocated expenses decreased $14.7 million, or 5.5%, compared with the 2021 period. This was primarily the result of a reduction of $25.1 million in loss on sale of business primarily related to the Latin America divestiture, which occurred in 2020, $18.0 million in labor costs and variable compensation, $10.3 million in restructuring, and $7.5 million in amortization of intangible assets, offset by $38.5 million in goodwill impairment and a
$8.3 million increase in professional services.
Bookings and Backlog of Orders
Bookings for a reported period represent customer contracts and purchase orders received during the period for hardware, software, and services that have met certain conditions, such as regulatory and/or contractual approval. Total backlog represents committed but undelivered products and services for contracts and purchase orders at period-end. Twelve-month backlog represents the portion of total backlog that we estimate will be recognized as revenue over the next 12 months. Backlog is not a complete measure of our future revenues as we also receive significant book-and-ship orders, as well as frame contracts. Bookings and backlog may fluctuate significantly due to the timing of large project awards. In addition, annual or multi-year contracts are subject to rescheduling and cancellation by customers due to the long-term nature of the contracts. Beginning total backlog, plus bookings, minus revenues, will not equal ending total backlog due to miscellaneous contract adjustments, foreign currency fluctuations, and other factors. Total bookings and backlog include certain contracts with termination for convenience clause, which will not agree to the total transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations disclosed in Item 1: Financial Statements (Unaudited), Note 16: Revenues included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Quarter Ended | Quarterly Bookings |  | Ending Total Backlog |  | Ending 12-Month Backlog
In millions |
September 30, 2022 | $ | 578 |  |  | $ | 4,201 |  |  | $ | 1,612 |
June 30, 2022 | 612 |  |  | 4,063 |  |  | 1,746 |
March 31, 2022 | 417 |  |  | 3,897 |  |  | 1,557 |
December 31, 2021 | 1,076 |  |  | 4,017 |  |  | 1,539 |
September 30, 2021 | 395 |  |  | 3,433 |  |  | 1,442 |

During the first quarter of 2022, we reduced our total backlog by $55.7 million in order to reflect the sale of certain Gas product lines to Dresser, effective February 28, 2022.
Financial Condition
Cash Flow Information

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 37,530 |  |  | $ | 141,147 |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 43,494 |  |  | (21,819) |
Net cash used in financing activities | (19,396) |  |  | (136,808) |
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (8,794) |  |  | (762) |
Increase in cash and cash equivalents | $ | 52,834 |  |  | $ | (18,242) |

Cash and cash equivalents were $215.4 million at September 30, 2022, compared with $162.6 million at December 31, 2021. The $52.8 million increase in cash and cash equivalents in the 2022 period was primarily the result of proceeds from the sale of our Gas device businesses and operations to Dresser and cash flow from operating activities, offset by cash paid for shares repurchased and acquisition of property, plant, and equipment.
Operating activities
Cash provided by operating activities during the nine months in 2022 was $37.5 million compared with $141.1 million during the same period in 2021. The decrease was primarily due to lower earnings and higher variable compensation payouts in 2022.
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Investing activities
Cash provided by investing activities during the nine months in 2022 was $65.3 million higher than in 2021. This increase of cash was primarily related to proceeds received from the sale of our Gas device businesses and operations to Dresser for $55.9 million, offset by $12.9 million less in purchases of property, plant, and equipment in 2022 compared with the same period in 2021.
Financing activities
Net cash used in financing activities during the nine months in 2022 was $19.4 million, compared with net cash used of $136.8 million for the same period in 2021. In March 2021, we received $389.4 million from issuance of common stock related to the equity offering, after deducting underwriters' discounts of the offering, purchased $84.1 million of the convertible note hedge contracts, and proceeds of $45.3 million from the sale of warrants. Also in March 2021, we entered into the convertible senior notes with gross proceeds of $460 million, which was used to pay off the outstanding term loan balance. In April 2021, we repaid the senior subordinated notes totaling $410 million (including $10 million early repayment premium) with proceeds from the equity offering and cash on hand. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we repurchased shares totaling $17.0 million.
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
The effect of exchange rates on the cash balances of currencies held in foreign denominations at September 30, 2022 was a decrease of $8.8 million, compared with a decrease of $0.8 million for the same period in 2021. Our foreign currency exposure relates to non-U.S. dollar denominated balances in our international subsidiary operations.
Free cash flow (Non-GAAP)
To supplement our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows presented on a GAAP basis, we use the non-GAAP measure of free cash flow to analyze cash flows generated from our operations. The presentation of non-GAAP free cash flow is not meant to be considered in isolation or as an alternative to net income (loss) as an indicator of our performance, or as an alternative to cash flows from operating activities as a measure of liquidity. We calculate free cash flows, using amounts from our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, as follows:

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
In thousands | 2022 |  | 2021
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 37,530 |  |  | $ | 141,147 |
Acquisitions of property, plant, and equipment | (14,886) |  |  | (27,781) |
Free cash flow | $ | 22,644 |  |  | $ | 113,366 |

Free cash flow fluctuated primarily as a result of changes in cash provided by operating activities. See the cash flow discussion of operating activities above.
Off-balance sheet arrangements
We have no off-balance sheet financing agreements or guarantees as defined by Item 303 of Regulation S-K at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 that we believe could reasonably likely have a current or future effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal sources of liquidity are cash flows from operations, borrowings, and the sale of our common stock. Cash flows may fluctuate and are sensitive to many factors including changes in working capital and the timing and magnitude of capital expenditures and payments of debt. Working capital, which represents current assets less current liabilities, continues to be in a net favorable position. We expect existing cash, cash flows from operations, and access to capital markets to continue to be sufficient to fund our operating activities and cash commitments, such as material capital expenditures and debt obligations, for at least the next 12 months and into the foreseeable future.
Borrowings
On October 18, 2019 we amended our credit facility that was initially entered on January 5, 2018 (together with the amendment, the "2018 credit facility"). The 2018 credit facility provides a multicurrency revolving line of credit (the revolver) with a principal amount of up to $500 million. The revolver also contains a $300 million standby letter of credit sub-facility and a $50 million swingline sub-facility. The October 18, 2019, amendment extended the maturity date to October 18, 2024. At September 30, 2022, no amount was outstanding under the 2018 credit facility, and $55.9 million was utilized by outstanding
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standby letters of credit, resulting in $444.1 million available for borrowing or standby letters of credit under the revolver. At September 30, 2022, $244.1 million was available for additional standby letters of credit under the letter of credit sub-facility, and no amounts were outstanding under the swingline sub-facility. Amounts borrowed under the revolver may be repaid and reborrowed until the revolver's maturity on October 18, 2024, at which time all outstanding loans together with all accrued and unpaid interest must be repaid.
On March 12, 2021, we closed the sale of $460 million in Convertible Notes in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers. The Convertible Notes do not bear regular interest, and the principal amount does not accrete. The Convertible Notes will mature on March 15, 2026, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed, or converted in accordance with their terms.
For further description of our borrowings, refer to Item 1: Financial Statements (Unaudited), Note 6: Debt included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
For a description of our letters of credit and performance bonds, and the amounts available for additional borrowings or letters of credit under our lines of credit, including the revolver that is part of our credit facility, refer to Item 1: Financial Statements (Unaudited), Note 11: Commitments and Contingencies included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Restructuring
On September 17, 2020, our Board of Directors approved a restructuring plan (the 2020 Projects). The 2020 Projects include activities that continue our efforts to optimize its global supply chain and manufacturing operations, sales and marketing organizations, and other overhead. These projects are scheduled to be substantially complete by the end of 2022, with an estimated $11 million in cash payments remaining as of September 30, 2022.
On October 29, 2021, our Board of Directors approved a restructuring plan (the 2021 Projects), which in conjunction with the announcement of the sale of certain of our Gas device manufacturing operations, (refer to Item 1: Financial Statements (Unaudited), Note 17: Sale of Business), includes activities to drive reductions in certain locations and functional support areas. These projects are expected to be substantially complete by the end of 2024, with an estimated $34 million in cash payments remaining as of September 30, 2022.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we paid out a net $17.7 million related to all our restructuring projects. As of September 30, 2022, $48.5 million was accrued for these restructuring projects, of which $15.3 million is expected to be paid within the next 12 months.
For further details regarding our restructuring activities, refer to Item 1: Financial Statements (Unaudited), Note 12: Restructuring included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Stock Repurchase Authorization
Effective November 1, 2021, Itron's Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to $100 million of our common stock over an 18-month period (the 2021 Stock Repurchase Program). Repurchases are made in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, and in accordance with applicable securities laws. Following the announcement of the program and through September 30, 2022, we have repurchased 405,282 shares at an average share price of $61.67 (excluding commissions) for a total of $25 million. As of September 30, 2022, we are authorized to repurchase up to an additional
$75 million of our common stock before May 1, 2023.
Other Liquidity Considerations
We have tax credits and net operating loss carryforwards in various jurisdictions that are available to reduce cash taxes. However, utilization of tax credits and net operating losses are limited in certain jurisdictions. Based on current projections, we expect to pay, net of refunds, approximately $1 million in U.S federal taxes, $4 million in state taxes, and $6 million in local and foreign taxes during 2022. For a discussion of our tax provision and unrecognized tax benefits, see Item 1: Financial Statements (Unaudited), Note 10: Income Taxes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
As of September 30, 2022, we are under examination by certain tax authorities. We believe we have appropriately accrued for the expected outcome of all tax matters and do not currently anticipate that the ultimate resolution of these examinations will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, future results of operations, or liquidity.
As of September 30, 2022, there was $44.2 million of cash and short-term investments held by certain foreign subsidiaries in which we are permanently reinvested for tax purposes. As a result of recent changes in U.S. tax legislation, any repatriation in the future would not result in U.S. federal income tax. Accordingly, there is no provision for U.S. deferred taxes on this cash. If this cash were repatriated to fund U.S. operations, additional withholding tax costs may be incurred. Tax is only one of the
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many factors that we consider in the management of global cash. Accordingly, the amount of taxes that we would need to accrue and pay to repatriate foreign cash could vary significantly.
In several of our consolidated international subsidiaries, we have joint venture partners, who are minority shareholders. Although these entities are not wholly-owned by Itron, Inc., we consolidate them because we have a greater than 50% ownership interest and/or because we exercise control over the operations. The noncontrolling interest balance in our Consolidated Balance Sheets represents the proportional share of the equity of the joint venture entities, which is attributable to the minority shareholders. At September 30, 2022, $9.5 million of our consolidated cash balance was held in our joint venture entities. As a result, the minority shareholders of these entities have rights to their proportional share of this cash balance, and there may be limitations on our ability to repatriate cash to the United States from these entities.
General Liquidity Overview
Notwithstanding the expected short to mid-term impacts of the COVID-19 related supply shortages, we expect to grow through a combination of internal new research and development, licensing technology from and to others, distribution agreements, partnering arrangements, and acquisitions of technology or other companies. We expect these activities to be funded with existing cash, cash flow from operations, borrowings, or the sale of our common stock or other securities. We believe existing sources of liquidity will be sufficient to fund our existing operations and obligations for the next 12 months and into the foreseeable future, but offer no assurances. Our liquidity could be affected by the stability of the electricity, gas, and water utility industries, competitive pressures, our dependence on certain key vendors and components, changes in estimated liabilities for product warranties and/or litigation, duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting supply constraints, future business combinations, capital market fluctuations, international risks, and other factors described under Risk Factors within Item 1A of Part I of our 2021 Annual Report, as well as Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk within Item 3 of Part I included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Contingencies
Refer to Item 1: Financial Statements (Unaudited), Note 11: Commitments and Contingencies included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Critical Accounting Estimates and Policies
Our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with GAAP. Preparing consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses. These estimates and assumptions are affected by management's application of accounting policies. Our critical accounting policies that require the use of estimates and assumptions were discussed in detail in the 2021 Annual Report and have not changed materially.
Refer to Item 1: Financial Statements (Unaudited), Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further disclosures regarding new accounting pronouncements.
Non-GAAP Measures
To supplement our consolidated financial statements, which are prepared in accordance with GAAP, we use certain non-GAAP financial measures, including non-GAAP operating expense, non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP net income, non-GAAP diluted EPS, adjusted EBITDA, free cash flow, and constant currency. The presentation of this financial information is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for, or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, and other companies may define such measures differently. For a reconciliation of each non-GAAP measure to the most comparable financial measure prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, please see the table captioned Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures to the Most Directly Comparable GAAP Financial Measures.
We use these non-GAAP financial measures for financial and operational decision making and/or as a means for determining executive compensation. Management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures provide meaningful supplemental information regarding our performance and ability to service debt by excluding certain expenses that may not be indicative of our recurring core operating results. These non-GAAP financial measures facilitate management's internal comparisons to our historical performance, as well as comparisons to our competitors' operating results. Our executive compensation plans exclude non-cash charges related to amortization of intangibles and certain discrete cash and non-cash charges, such as acquisition and integration related expenses, loss on sale of business, strategic initiative expenses, Russian currency translation write-off, goodwill impairment, or restructuring charges. We believe that both management and investors benefit from referring to these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing our performance and when planning, forecasting and analyzing future periods. We
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believe these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors because they provide greater transparency with respect to key metrics used by management in its financial and operational decision making and because they are used by our institutional investors and the analyst community to analyze the health of our business.
Non-GAAP operating expenses and non-GAAP operating income – We define non-GAAP operating expenses as operating expenses excluding certain expenses related to the amortization of intangible assets, restructuring, loss on sale of business, strategic initiative, Russian currency translation write-off, goodwill impairment, and acquisition and integration. We define non-GAAP operating income as operating income excluding the expenses related to the amortization of intangible assets, restructuring, loss on sale of business, strategic initiative, Russian currency translation write-off, goodwill impairment, and acquisition and integration. Acquisition and integration related expenses include costs, which are incurred to affect and integrate business combinations, such as professional fees, certain employee retention and salaries related to integration, severances, contract terminations, travel costs related to knowledge transfer, system conversion costs, and asset impairment charges. We consider these non-GAAP financial measures to be useful metrics for management and investors because they exclude the effect of expenses that are related to acquisitions and restructuring projects. By excluding these expenses, we believe that it is easier for management and investors to compare our financial results over multiple periods and analyze trends in our operations. For example, in certain periods, expenses related to amortization of intangible assets may decrease, which would improve GAAP operating margins, yet the improvement in GAAP operating margins due to this lower expense is not necessarily reflective of an improvement in our core business. There are some limitations related to the use of non-GAAP operating expenses and non-GAAP operating income versus operating expenses and operating income calculated in accordance with GAAP. We compensate for these limitations by providing specific information about the GAAP amounts excluded from non-GAAP operating expense and non-GAAP operating income and evaluating non-GAAP operating expense and non-GAAP operating income together with GAAP operating expense and operating income.
Non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted EPS – We define non-GAAP net income as net income (loss) attributable to Itron, Inc. excluding the expenses associated with amortization of intangible assets, amortization of debt placement fees, debt extinguishment, restructuring, loss on sale of business, strategic initiative, Russian currency translation write-off, acquisition and integration, goodwill impairment, and the tax effect of excluding these expenses. We define non-GAAP diluted EPS as non-GAAP net income divided by diluted weighted-average shares outstanding during the period calculated on a GAAP basis and then reduced to reflect the anti-dilutive impact of the convertible note hedge transaction entered into in connection with the 0% Convertible Notes due 2026 issued in March 2021. We consider these financial measures to be useful metrics for management and investors for the same reasons that we use non-GAAP operating income. The same limitations described above regarding our use of non-GAAP operating income apply to our use of non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted EPS. We compensate for these limitations by providing specific information regarding the GAAP amounts excluded from these non-GAAP measures and evaluating non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted EPS together with GAAP net income attributable to Itron, Inc. and GAAP diluted EPS.
For interim periods the budgeted annual effective tax rate (AETR) is used, adjusted for any discrete items, as defined in Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 740 - Income Taxes. The budgeted AETR is determined at the beginning of the fiscal year. The AETR is revised throughout the year based on changes to our full-year forecast. If the revised AETR increases or decreases by 200 basis points or more from the budgeted AETR due to changes in the full-year forecast during the year, the revised AETR is used in place of the budgeted AETR beginning with the quarter the 200 basis point threshold is exceeded and going forward for all subsequent interim quarters in the year. We continue to assess the AETR based on latest forecast throughout the year and use the most recent AETR anytime it increases or decreases by 200 basis points or more from the prior interim period.
Adjusted EBITDA – We define adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) (a) minus interest income, (b) plus interest expense, depreciation and amortization, debt extinguishment, restructuring, loss on sale of business, strategic initiative, Russian currency translation write-off, goodwill impairment, acquisition and integration, and (c) excluding income tax provision or benefit. Management uses adjusted EBITDA as a performance measure for executive compensation. A limitation to using adjusted EBITDA is that it does not represent the total increase or decrease in the cash balance for the period and the measure includes some non-cash items and excludes other non-cash items. Additionally, the items that we exclude in our calculation of adjusted EBITDA may differ from the items that our peer companies exclude when they report their results. We compensate for these limitations by providing a reconciliation of this measure to GAAP net income (loss).
Free cash flow – We define free cash flow as net cash provided by operating activities less cash used for acquisitions of property, plant and equipment. We believe free cash flow provides investors with a relevant measure of liquidity and a useful basis for assessing our ability to fund our operations and repay our debt. The same limitations described above regarding our use of adjusted EBITDA apply to our use of free cash flow. We compensate for these limitations by providing specific information regarding the GAAP amounts and reconciling to free cash flow.
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Constant currency – We refer to the impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations in our discussions of financial results, which references the differences between the foreign currency exchange rates used to translate operating results from the entity's functional currency into U.S. dollars for financial reporting purposes. We also use the term "constant currency", which represents financial results adjusted to exclude changes in foreign currency exchange rates as compared with the rates in the comparable prior year period. We calculate the constant currency change as the difference between the current period results and the comparable prior period's results restated using current period foreign currency exchange rates.
Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures to the Most Directly Comparable GAAP Financial Measures
The tables below reconcile the non-GAAP financial measures of operating expenses, operating income, net income, diluted EPS, adjusted EBITDA, and free cash flow with the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures.

TOTAL COMPANY RECONCILIATIONS | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| In thousands, except per share data | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
| NON-GAAP OPERATING EXPENSES |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | GAAP operating expenses | $ | 113,174 |  |  | $ | 130,800 |  |  | $ | 401,211 |  |  | $ | 423,711 |
|  |  | Amortization of intangible assets | (6,413) |  |  | (8,944) |  |  | (19,451) |  |  | (26,914) |
|  |  | Restructuring | 1,272 |  |  | (958) |  |  | 11,097 |  |  | 830 |
|  |  | Loss on sale of business | (767) |  |  | (2,171) |  |  | (3,182) |  |  | (28,274) |
|  |  | Strategic initiative | 35 |  |  | — |  |  | (675) |  |  | — |
|  |  | Russian currency translation write-off | (1,885) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,885) |  |  | — |
|  |  | Goodwill impairment | — |  |  | — |  |  | (38,480) |  |  | — |
|  |  | Acquisition and integration | (154) |  |  | (118) |  |  | (370) |  |  | 368 |
|  | Non-GAAP operating expenses | $ | 105,262 |  |  | $ | 118,609 |  |  | $ | 348,265 |  |  | $ | 369,721 |
| NON-GAAP OPERATING INCOME |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | GAAP operating income (loss) | $ | 6,888 |  |  | $ | 4,163 |  |  | $ | (19,820) |  |  | $ | 28,171 |
|  |  | Amortization of intangible assets | 6,413 |  |  | 8,944 |  |  | 19,451 |  |  | 26,914 |
|  |  | Restructuring | (1,272) |  |  | 958 |  |  | (11,097) |  |  | (830) |
|  |  | Loss on sale of business | 767 |  |  | 2,171 |  |  | 3,182 |  |  | 28,274 |
|  |  | Strategic initiative | (35) |  |  | — |  |  | 675 |  |  | — |
|  |  | Russian currency translation write-off | 1,885 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,885 |  |  | — |
|  |  | Goodwill impairment | — |  |  | — |  |  | 38,480 |  |  | — |
|  |  | Acquisition and integration | 154 |  |  | 118 |  |  | 370 |  |  | (368) |
|  | Non-GAAP operating income | $ | 14,800 |  |  | $ | 16,354 |  |  | $ | 33,126 |  |  | $ | 82,161 |
| NON-GAAP NET INCOME & DILUTED EPS |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | GAAP net income (loss) attributable to Itron, Inc. | $ | 4,117 |  |  | $ | (1,869) |  |  | $ | (31,944) |  |  | $ | (22,389) |
|  |  | Amortization of intangible assets | 6,413 |  |  | 8,944 |  |  | 19,451 |  |  | 26,914 |
|  |  | Amortization of debt placement fees | 846 |  |  | 1,905 |  |  | 2,478 |  |  | 17,252 |
|  |  | Debt extinguishment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,681 |
|  |  | Restructuring | (1,272) |  |  | 958 |  |  | (11,097) |  |  | (830) |
|  |  | Loss on sale of business | 767 |  |  | 2,171 |  |  | 3,182 |  |  | 28,274 |
|  |  | Strategic initiative | (35) |  |  | — |  |  | 675 |  |  | — |
|  |  | Russian currency translation write-off | 1,885 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,885 |  |  | — |
|  |  | Acquisition and integration | 154 |  |  | 118 |  |  | 370 |  |  | (368) |
|  |  | Goodwill impairment | — |  |  | — |  |  | 38,480 |  |  | — |
|  |  | Income tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments | (2,362) |  |  | (2,775) |  |  | (4,663) |  |  | (16,491) |
|  | Non-GAAP net income attributable to Itron, Inc. | $ | 10,513 |  |  | $ | 9,452 |  |  | $ | 18,817 |  |  | $ | 44,043 |
|  | Non-GAAP diluted EPS | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.21 |  |  | $ | 0.42 |  |  | $ | 0.99 |
|  | Non-GAAP weighted average common shares outstanding - Diluted | 45,330 |  |  | 45,506 |  |  | 45,267 |  |  | 44,330 |

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TOTAL COMPANY RECONCILIATIONS | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| In thousands, except per share data | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
| ADJUSTED EBITDA |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | GAAP net income (loss) attributable to Itron, Inc. | $ | 4,117 |  |  | $ | (1,869) |  |  | $ | (31,944) |  |  | $ | (22,389) |
|  |  | Interest income | (801) |  |  | (352) |  |  | (1,367) |  |  | (1,326) |
|  |  | Interest expense | 1,679 |  |  | 2,628 |  |  | 4,931 |  |  | 27,107 |
|  |  | Income tax provision | 473 |  |  | 1,136 |  |  | 4,973 |  |  | 5,581 |
|  |  | Debt extinguishment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,681 |
|  |  | Depreciation and amortization | 17,361 |  |  | 21,333 |  |  | 50,612 |  |  | 64,252 |
|  |  | Restructuring | (1,272) |  |  | 958 |  |  | (11,097) |  |  | (830) |
|  |  | Loss on sale of business | 767 |  |  | 2,171 |  |  | 3,182 |  |  | 28,274 |
|  |  | Strategic initiative | (35) |  |  | — |  |  | 675 |  |  | — |
|  |  | Russian currency translation write-off | 1,885 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,885 |  |  | — |
|  |  | Goodwill impairment | — |  |  | — |  |  | 38,480 |  |  | — |
|  |  | Acquisition and integration | 154 |  |  | 118 |  |  | 370 |  |  | (368) |
|  | Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 24,328 |  |  | $ | 26,123 |  |  | $ | 60,700 |  |  | $ | 111,982 |
| FREE CASH FLOW |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  | Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 14,874 |  |  | $ | 18,467 |  |  | $ | 37,530 |  |  | $ | 141,147 |
|  |  | Acquisitions of property, plant, and equipment | (4,223) |  |  | (7,305) |  |  | (14,886) |  |  | (27,781) |
|  | Free Cash Flow | $ | 10,651 |  |  | $ | 11,162 |  |  | $ | 22,644 |  |  | $ | 113,366 |

Item 3: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
In the normal course of business, we are exposed to interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate risks that could impact our financial position and results of operations. As part of our risk management strategy, we may use derivative financial instruments to hedge certain foreign currency and interest rate exposures. Our objective is to offset gains and losses resulting from these exposures with losses and gains on the derivative contracts used to hedge them, therefore reducing the impact of volatility on earnings or protecting the fair values of assets and liabilities. We use derivative contracts only to manage existing underlying exposures. Accordingly, we do not use derivative contracts for trading or speculative purposes.
Interest Rate Risk
We may be exposed to interest rate risk through our variable rate debt instruments, namely the multicurrency revolving line of credit. At September 30, 2022, we had no outstanding variable rate debt.
We continually monitor and assess our interest rate risk and may institute additional interest rate swaps or other derivative instruments to manage such risk in the future if we were to have variable rate debt outstanding.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
We conduct business in a number of countries. Revenues denominated in functional currencies other than the U.S. dollar were 28% and 31% of total revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared with 36% and 38% for the same respective periods in 2021. These transactions expose our account balances to movements in foreign currency exchange rates that could have a material effect on our financial results. Our primary foreign currency exposure relates to non-U.S. dollar denominated transactions in our international subsidiary operations, the most significant of which is the euro.
We are also exposed to foreign exchange risk when we enter into non-functional currency transactions, both intercompany and third-party. At each period-end, non-functional currency monetary assets and liabilities are revalued with the change recognized within other income (expense) in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. We enter into monthly foreign exchange forward contracts, which are not designated for hedge accounting, with the intent to reduce earnings volatility associated with currency exposures. As of September 30, 2022, a total of 32 contracts were offsetting our exposures from the euro, pound sterling, Indonesian rupiah, Canadian dollar, Australian dollar and various other currencies, with notional amounts ranging from $135,000 to $57.8 million. Based on a sensitivity analysis as of September 30, 2022, we estimate that, if foreign currency exchange rates average 10 percentage points higher in 2022 for these financial instruments, our financial results in 2022 would not be materially impacted.
In future periods, we may use additional derivative contracts to protect against foreign currency exchange rate risks.
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Item 4: Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our Company's management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as amended. Based on that evaluation, the Company's management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that as of September 30, 2022, the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure the information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives.
Changes in internal controls over financial reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended September 30, 2022 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II: OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1: Legal Proceedings
Refer to Item 1: Financial Statements (Unaudited), Note 11: Commitments and Contingencies included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Item 1A: Risk Factors
For a complete list of Risk Factors, refer to Part I, Item 1A: Risk Factors of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2022.
Item 2: Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
(a)Not applicable.
(b)Not applicable.
(c)Issuer Repurchase of Equity Securities.

Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) |  | Average Price Paid per Share (2) |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |  | Maximum Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
|  |  |  |  |  |  | In thousands
July 1, 2022 through July 31, 2022 | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 75,000 |
August 1, 2022 through August 31, 2022 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 75,000 |
September 1, 2022 through September 30, 2022 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 75,000 |
Total | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |

(1)Effective November 1, 2021, Itron's Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to $100 million of Itron's common stock over an 18-month period. Repurchases are made in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions and in accordance with applicable securities laws.
(2)Excludes commissions.
Item 5: Other Information
(a)No information was required to be disclosed in a report on Form 8-K during the third quarter of 2022 that was not reported.
(b)Not applicable.
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Item 6: Exhibits

Exhibit Number |  | Description of Exhibits
31.1 |  | Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2 |  | Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1 |  | Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101 |  | The following financial information from Itron, Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) includes: (i) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss), (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  | ITRON, INC.
November 3, 2022 |  | By: | /s/ JOAN S. HOOPER
Date |  |  | Joan S. Hooper
|  |  | Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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