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Investments Accounted for by the Equity Method and Variable Interest Entities
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
Investments Accounted for by the Equity Method and Variable Interest Entities Investments Accounted for by the Equity Method and Variable Interest Entities
Equity Method Investments
The following table reflects the Company’s equity investments in unconsolidated affiliates as of December 31, 2024:
NameEconomic Interest
Investment Balance (a)
(In millions)
Avenal50%$
Desert Sunlight25%217 
Elkhorn Ridge66.7%
GenConn (b)
50%75 
San Juan Mesa75%
$309 
(a) The Company’s maximum exposure to loss is limited to its investment balances.
(b) GenConn is a VIE.
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had $20 million and $17 million, respectively, of undistributed earnings from its equity method investments.
The Company acquired its interest in Desert Sunlight on June 30, 2015, for $285 million, which resulted in a $181 million difference between the purchase price and the basis of the acquired assets and liabilities. The difference is attributable to the fair value of the property, plant and equipment and PPAs. The Company is amortizing the related basis differences to equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries over the related useful life of the underlying assets acquired. As of December 31, 2024, the carrying value of the basis difference is $115 million.
The Company’s pro-rata share of non-recourse debt held by unconsolidated affiliates was $282 million as of December 31, 2024.
Rosie Central BESS — On June 30, 2023, the Company, through its indirect subsidiary, Rosie Class B LLC, the indirect owner of the Rosamond Central solar facility, became the owner of the Class B membership interests of Rosie Central BESS in order to facilitate and fund the construction of a BESS facility that is co-located at the Rosamond Central solar facility. Clearway Renew indirectly owns the Class A membership interests and controls Rosie Central BESS. The Company accounted for its investment in Rosie Central BESS as an equity method investment. On June 13, 2024, when the Rosamond Central BESS facility reached substantial completion, Clearway Renew redeemed Rosie Class B LLC’s entire investment of $28 million in Rosie Central BESS utilizing the additional purchase price paid by the Company, as further described in Note 3, Acquisitions. Rosie Class B LLC’s equity investment in Rosie Central BESS was comprised of contributions from the Company and the cash equity investor in Rosie TargetCo LLC during the year ended December 31, 2023.
The following tables present summarized financial information for the Company’s equity method investments:
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Income Statement Data:(In millions)
Desert Sunlight
Operating revenues$206 $202 $203 
Operating income146 144 137 
Net income113 108 114 
Other (a)
Operating revenues95 94 102 
Operating income 25 23 34 
Net income16 13 22 
As of December 31,
20242023
Balance Sheet Data:(In millions)
Desert Sunlight
Current assets$81 $80 
Non-current assets1,086 1,131 
Current liabilities63 61 
Non-current liabilities726 776 
Other (b)
Current assets63 58 
Non-current assets391 429 
Current liabilities27 28 
Non-current liabilities225 243 
(a) Includes Avenal, Elkhorn Ridge, GenConn and San Juan Mesa.
(b) Includes Avenal, Elkhorn Ridge, GenConn and San Juan Mesa as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. Includes Rosie Central BESS only as of December 31, 2023 since the equity investment was redeemed on June 13, 2024, as further described above.
Variable Interest Entities, or VIEs
Entities that are Consolidated
The Company has a controlling financial interest in certain entities which have been identified as VIEs under ASC 810, Consolidations. These arrangements are primarily related to tax equity arrangements entered into with third parties in order to monetize certain tax credits associated with wind, solar and BESS facilities. The Company also has a controlling financial interest in certain partnership arrangements with third-party investors, which also have been identified as VIEs. Under the Company’s arrangements that have been identified as VIEs, the third-party investors are allocated earnings, tax attributes and distributable cash in accordance with the respective limited liability company agreements. Many of these arrangements also provide a mechanism to facilitate achievement of the investor’s specified return by providing incremental cash distributions to the investor at a specified date if the specified return has not yet been achieved.
The following is a summary of significant activity during 2024 related to the Company’s consolidated VIEs:
DGPV Funds
On December 31, 2024, Chestnut Fund Class B LLC, an indirect subsidiary of the Company, acquired 100% of the Class A membership interests in Chestnut Fund LLC, a tax equity fund that owns several distributed solar facilities, from the tax equity investor for $5 million. Prior to the acquisition, the Company consolidated Chestnut Fund LLC through its ownership of the Class B membership interests and role as managing member, and the Class A membership interests were reflected as redeemable noncontrolling interest on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The difference between the historical cost of the Company’s redeemable noncontrolling interest of $12 million and the cash paid of $5 million was recorded as adjustments to additional paid-in capital and CEG’s noncontrolling interest balance.
Cedro Hill TE Holdco LLC
On December 27, 2024, when the repowering of the Cedro Hill wind facility reached substantial completion, tax equity investors contributed $152 million to acquire the Class A membership interests in Cedro Hill TE Holdco LLC, as further described in Note 10, Long-term Debt. The Company, through its indirect subsidiary, Cedro Hill Class B Member LLC, consolidates as primary beneficiary, Cedro Hill TE Holdco LLC, a tax equity fund that owns the Cedro Hill wind facility. The Class A membership interests in Cedro Hill TE Holdco LLC are reflected as noncontrolling interest on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.
Spring Canyon
On December 17, 2024, Spring Canyon TE Holdco LLC, an indirect subsidiary of the Company, acquired 100% of the Class A membership interests in Spring Canyon Expansion Holdings LLC, a tax equity fund that owns the Spring Canyon wind facilities, from the tax equity investor for $7 million. Prior to the acquisition, the Company consolidated Spring Canyon Expansion Holdings LLC through its controlling interest in Spring Canyon Expansion Class B Holdings LLC, a partnership, which owns the Class B membership interests, and role as managing member, and the Class A membership interests were reflected as noncontrolling interest on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The difference between the cash paid of $7 million and the historical cost of the Company’s noncontrolling interest of $3 million was recorded as adjustments to additional paid-in capital and CEG’s noncontrolling interest balance.
Dan’s Mountain TargetCo LLC
As described in Note 3, Acquisitions, on November 18, 2024, Dan’s Mountain Parent Holdco LLC, an indirect subsidiary of the Company, acquired the Class A membership interests in Dan’s Mountain TargetCo LLC, which is a partnership between the Company and Clearway Renew. The Company consolidates Dan’s Mountain TargetCo LLC as a VIE as the Company is the primary beneficiary through its role as managing member. Through its membership interests in Dan’s Mountain TargetCo LLC, the Company receives 50% of distributable cash. The Company recorded the noncontrolling interest of Clearway Renew’s Class B membership interests in Dan’s Mountain TargetCo LLC at historical carrying amount, with the offset to additional paid-in capital. Dan’s Mountain TargetCo LLC consolidates as primary beneficiary and through its ownership of the Class B membership interests, Dan’s Mountain Tax Credit Holdco LLC, a tax equity fund that owns the Dan’s Mountain wind facility. The Class A membership interests in Dan’s Mountain Tax Credit Holdco LLC are held by a tax equity investor and are reflected as noncontrolling interest on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.
Cedar Creek TE Holdco LLC
As described in Note 3, Acquisitions, on April 16, 2024, the Company, through its indirect subsidiary, Cedar Creek Wind Holdco LLC, acquired Cedar Creek Holdco LLC. Cedar Creek Holdco LLC consolidates as primary beneficiary, Cedar Creek TE Holdco LLC, a tax equity fund that owns the Cedar Creek wind facility. The Class A membership interests in Cedar Creek TE Holdco LLC are held by a tax equity investor and are reflected as noncontrolling interest on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.
Lighthouse Renewable Holdco 2 LLC
As described in Note 3, Acquisitions, on March 15, 2024, TSN1 TE Holdco LLC, an indirect subsidiary of the Company, acquired Texas Solar Nova 2. The Company, through Lighthouse Renewable Holdco 2 LLC, a partnership, consolidates TSN1 TE Holdco LLC, a tax equity fund that owns Texas Solar Nova 1 and Texas Solar Nova 2. The Company recorded the noncontrolling interest of the cash equity investor in Lighthouse Renewable Holdco 2 LLC at historical carrying amount, with the offset to additional paid-in capital. The Class A membership interests in TSN1 TE Holdco LLC are held by a tax equity investor and are reflected as noncontrolling interest on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.
Daggett Renewable Holdco LLC
Effective January 1, 2024, the Company and the cash equity investor in Daggett Renewable HoldCo LLC and Daggett 2 TargetCo LLC, the indirect owner of the Daggett 2 solar and BESS facility, agreed to transfer Daggett 2 TargetCo LLC to Daggett Renewable Holdco LLC. As the transfer was among entities under common control, the transaction was recognized at historical cost and no gain or loss was recognized.
Summarized financial information for the Company’s consolidated VIEs consisted of the following as of December 31, 2024:
(In millions)Buckthorn Holdings, LLCCedar Creek TE Holdco LLCCedro Hill TE Holdco LLC
Daggett Renewable Holdco LLC (a)
DGPV Funds (b)
Lighthouse Renewable Holdco LLC (c)
Lighthouse Renewable Holdco 2 LLC (d)
Other current and non-current assets$$40 $62 $152 $26 $67 $143 
Property, plant and equipment178 313 213 946 217 393 1,296 
Intangible assets— — — — — — 
Total assets181 353 275 1,098 243 460 1,441 
Total liabilities13 118 31 447 26 136 569 
Noncontrolling interest113 145 796 240 668 
Net assets less noncontrolling interest$163 $122 $99 $(145)$214 $84 $204 
(a) Daggett Renewable Holdco LLC consolidates Daggett TE Holdco LLC and Daggett 2 TE Holdco LLC, which are consolidated VIEs.
(b) DGPV Funds is comprised of Clearway & EFS Distributed Solar LLC, Golden Puma Fund LLC and Renew Solar CS4 Fund LLC, which are all tax equity funds.
(c) Lighthouse Renewable Holdco LLC consolidates Black Rock TE Holdco LLC and Mililani TE Holdco LLC, which are consolidated VIEs.
(d) Lighthouse Renewable Holdco 2 LLC consolidates Mesquite Sky TE Holdco LLC, Mesquite Star Tax Equity Holdco LLC and TSN1 TE Holdco LLC, which are consolidated VIEs.
(In millions)Oahu Solar LLC
Rattlesnake TE Holdco LLC
Rosie TargetCo LLC
VP-Arica TargetCo LLC (a)
Wildorado TE Holdco LLC
Other (b)
Other current and non-current assets$37 $13 $62 $66 $26 $62 
Property, plant and equipment149 165 527 988 178 488 
Intangible assets— — — — 13 
Total assets186 178 589 1,056 204 563 
Total liabilities22 17 218 40 18 315 
Noncontrolling interest20 74 256 308 81 150 
Net assets less noncontrolling interest$144 $87 $115 $708 $105 $98 
(a) VP-Arica TargetCo LLC consolidates VP-Arica TE Holdco LLC, a consolidated VIE that owns the Victory Pass and Arica solar and BESS facilities.
(b) Other is comprised of Dan’s Mountain TargetCo LLC, which consolidates Dan’s Mountain Tax Credit Holdco LLC, Elbow Creek TE Holdco LLC, Langford TE Partnership LLC, Pinnacle Repowering TE Holdco LLC and the Spring Canyon facilities.