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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) | 3 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Adtalem and its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Where our ownership interest is less than 100%, but greater than 50%, the noncontrolling ownership interest is reported on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The noncontrolling ownership interest earnings portion is classified as “Net Loss (Income) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest” in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). Unless indicated, or the context requires otherwise, references to years refer to Adtalem’s fiscal years.
Equity/Cost Method Investment | Equity/Cost Method Investment The equity method of accounting is used for an investment where we have the ability to influence the operating and financial decisions of the investee but do not possess more than a 50% ownership interest. Generally, this occurs when the ownership interest is greater than 20%. The investment is initially recorded at cost and classified as Other Assets, Net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The carrying amount of the investment is adjusted in subsequent periods for Adtalem’s share of the earnings or losses of the investee, which is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) as Equity Method Investment Loss. The cost method of accounting is used for an investment where we do not have the ability to influence the operating and financial decisions of the investee. Generally, this occurs when the ownership interest is less than 20%. The investment is recorded at cost and classified as Other Assets, Net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents can include time deposits, high-grade commercial paper, money market funds and bankers acceptances with original maturities of three months or less. Short-term investment objectives are to minimize risk and maintain liquidity. These investments are stated at cost (which approximates fair value) because of their short duration or liquid nature. Adtalem places its cash and temporary cash investments with high credit quality institutions. Cash and cash equivalent balances in U.S. bank accounts are generally in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance limit. Cash and cash equivalent balances in Brazilian bank accounts are generally in excess of the deposit insurance limits for Brazilian banks. Adtalem has not experienced any losses on its cash and cash equivalents. Management periodically evaluates the creditworthiness of the security issuers and financial institutions with which it invests and maintains deposit accounts.
Financial Aid and Restricted Cash | Financial Aid and Restricted Cash A significant portion of revenue is received from students who participate in government financial aid and assistance programs which are subject to political and governmental budgetary considerations. There is no assurance that such funding will be maintained at current levels. Extensive and complex regulations in the U.S. and Brazil govern all of the government financial assistance programs in which students participate. Administration of these programs is periodically reviewed by various regulatory agencies. Any regulatory violation could be the basis for disciplinary action, which could include the suspension, limitation or termination from such financial aid programs. Restricted cash represents amounts received from federal and state governments under various student aid grant and loan programs and such restricted funds are held in separate bank accounts. Once the financial aid authorization and disbursement process for the student has been completed, the funds are transferred to unrestricted accounts, and these funds then become available for use in Adtalem’s operations. This authorization and disbursement process that precedes the transfer of funds generally occurs within the period of the academic term for which such funds were authorized.
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers (students), in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The following tables disaggregate revenue by source (in thousands):
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 |
|  | Medical and ‎ Healthcare |  |  | Professional ‎ Education |  |  | Technology ‎ and Business |  |  | Home Office ‎ and Other |  |  | Consolidated |
Higher Education |  | $ | 201,173 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 43,841 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 245,014 |
Test Preparation |  |  | - |  |  |  | 20,502 |  |  |  | 3,410 |  |  |  | (807 | ) |  |  | 23,105 |
Certifications |  |  | - |  |  |  | 8,214 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 8,214 |
Conferences/Seminars |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,868 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2,868 |
Memberships/Subscriptions |  |  | - |  |  |  | 3,936 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 3,936 |
Other |  |  | 927 |  |  |  | 126 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,053 |
|  | $ | 202,100 |  |  | $ | 35,646 |  |  | $ | 47,251 |  |  | $ | (807 | ) |  | $ | 284,190 |
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 |
|  | Medical and ‎ Healthcare |  |  | Professional ‎ Education |  |  | Technology and ‎ Business |  |  | Home Office ‎ and Other |  |  | Consolidated |
Higher Education |  | $ | 191,285 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 57,230 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 248,515 |
Test Preparation |  |  | - |  |  |  | 20,538 |  |  |  | 5,209 |  |  |  | (623 | ) |  |  | 25,124 |
Certifications |  |  | - |  |  |  | 8,859 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 8,859 |
Conferences/Seminars |  |  | - |  |  |  | 7,368 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 7,368 |
Memberships/Subscriptions |  |  | - |  |  |  | 3,015 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 3,015 |
Other |  |  | - |  |  |  | 262 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 262 |
|  | $ | 191,285 |  |  | $ | 40,042 |  |  | $ | 62,439 |  |  | $ | (623 | ) |  | $ | 293,143 |
In addition, see “Note 14: Segment Information” for a disaggregation of revenue by geographical region. Performance Obligations and Revenue Recognition Higher Education: Higher education revenue consists of tuition, fees, books and other educational products. The majority of revenue is derived from tuition and fees which is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term as instruction is delivered. Books and other educational product revenue is recognized when products are shipped or students receive access to electronic materials. Under certain circumstances we report revenue from these transactions on a net basis because our performance obligation is to facilitate a transaction between the student and a vendor. Test Preparation: Test preparation revenue consists of test preparation course instruction and self-study materials sales. Becker test preparation revenue is recognized when access to the course materials is delivered to the customer. Adtalem Brazil and EduPristine test preparation course instruction revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the applicable instruction delivery periods. Certifications: Certification revenue consists of exam preparation guides, seminars, exam sitting fee and recertification fees. We recognize revenue for each of these items at a point in time when the applicable performance obligation is satisfied. Conferences/Seminars: Conference revenue consists of revenue from attendees, sponsors and exhibitors. We recognize revenue for all items related to conferences at the time of the conference. Seminar revenue consists of seminars delivered in live, live-online, or on-demand online formats. We recognize revenue for live and live-online seminars on the day of the seminar. On-demand online seminars, in which customers have access to a webcast of a seminar, are recognized on the day the customer places the order. Memberships/Subscriptions: Membership revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the membership period. Subscription revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the subscription period. Other: Other revenue consists of housing and other miscellaneous services. Revenue is recognized over the period that the applicable performance obligation is satisfied. Customer contracts generally have separately stated prices for each performance obligation contained in the contract. Therefore, each performance obligation generally has its own standalone selling price. For higher education students, arrangements for payment are agreed to prior to registration of the student’s first academic term. The majority of U.S. students obtain Title IV or other financial aid resulting in institutions receiving a significant amount of the transaction price at the beginning of the academic term. Students utilizing private funding or through Adtalem’s institutional loan program (see “Note 6: Financing Receivables” for further discussion) generally pay during or after the academic term is complete. For non-higher education customers, payment is typically due and collected at the time a customer places an order. Transaction Price Revenue, or transaction price, is measured as the amount of consideration expected to be received in exchange for transferring goods or services. For higher education, students may receive discounts, scholarships or refunds, which gives rise to variable consideration. The amount of discounts or scholarships are applied to individual student accounts when such amounts are awarded. Therefore, the transaction price is reduced directly by these discounts or scholarships from the amount of the standard tuition rate charged. Upon withdrawal, a student may be eligible to receive a refund, or partial refund, the amount of which is dependent on the timing of the withdrawal during the academic term. If a student withdraws prior to completing an academic term, federal and state regulations and accreditation criteria permit Adtalem to retain only a set percentage of the total tuition received from such student, which varies with, but generally equals or exceeds, the percentage of the academic term completed by such student. Payment amounts received by Adtalem in excess of such set percentages of tuition are refunded to the student or the appropriate funding source. For contracts with similar characteristics and historical data on refunds, the expected value method is applied in determining the variable consideration related to refunds. Estimates of Adtalem’s expected refunds are determined at the outset of each academic term, based upon actual experience in previous academic terms. Reserves related to refunds are presented as refund liabilities within Accrued Liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. All refunds are netted against revenue during the applicable academic term. Management reassesses collectability throughout the period revenue is recognized by the Adtalem institutions, on a student-by-student basis. This reassessment is based upon new information and changes in facts and circumstances relevant to a student’s ability to pay. Management also reassesses collectability when a student withdraws from the institution and has unpaid tuition charges. Such unpaid charges do not meet the threshold of reasonably collectible and are recognized as revenue on a cash basis. For test preparation and other Professional Education products, the transaction price is equal to the amount charged to the customer, which is the standard rate, less any discounts and an estimate for returns or refunds. We believe it is not probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. Therefore, the estimate of variable consideration is not constrained. Contract Balances For higher education institutions, students are billed at the beginning of each academic term and payment is due at that time. Adtalem’s performance obligation is to provide educational services in the form of instruction during the academic term. As instruction is provided, deferred revenue is reduced. A significant portion of student payments are from Title IV financial aid and other programs and are generally received during the first month of the respective academic term. For students utilizing Adtalem’s institution loan program (see “Note 6: Financing Receivables”), payments are generally received after the academic term and the corresponding performance obligation is complete. When payments are received, accounts receivable is reduced. For our Professional Education businesses, customers are billed and payment is due at the time of order placement. In most cases, performance obligations are delivered subsequent to payments received. Delivering our performance obligations reduces deferred revenue and accounts receivable is reduced upon payments received. Becker offers an 18-month term loan program as a financing option for the Becker CPA Exam Review Course (see “Note 6: Financing Receivables”). In this case, payment is received after satisfying the performance obligation. Revenue of $83.7 million was recognized during the first three months of fiscal year 2019 that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of fiscal year 2019. Revenue recognized from performance obligations that were satisfied, or partially satisfied, in prior periods was not material. The difference between the opening and closing balances of deferred revenue includes decreases from revenue recognized during the period and increases from charges and payments received related to the start of academic terms beginning during the period. Allowance for bad debts as of September 30, 2018, June 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017 was $21.9 million, $27.6 million and $27.0 million, respectively. Practical Expedients As our performance obligations have an original expected duration of one year or less, we have applied the practical expedient (as provided in ASC 606-10-50-14) to not disclose the information in ASC 606-10-50-13, which requires disclosure of the amount of the transaction price allocated to our performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) as of the end of the reporting period and when the entity expects to recognize this amount as revenue. All consideration from contracts with customers is included in the transaction price.
Internal-Use Software Development Costs | Internal-Use Software Development Costs Adtalem capitalizes certain internal-use software development costs that are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated lives of the software, not to exceed seven years. Capitalized costs include external direct costs of equipment, materials and services consumed in developing or obtaining internal-use software and payroll-related costs for employees directly associated with the internal-use software development project. Capitalization of such costs ceases at the point at which the project is substantially complete and ready for its intended purpose. Capitalized internal-use software development costs for projects not yet complete are included as Construction in Progress in the Land, Building and Equipment section of the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of September 30, 2018, June 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017, the net balance of capitalized internal-use software development costs was $12.4 million, $13.5 million and $5.0 million, respectively.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets | Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Adtalem evaluates the carrying amount of its significant long-lived assets whenever changes in circumstances or events indicate that the value of such assets may not be fully recoverable. Events that may trigger an impairment analysis could include a decision by management to exit a market or a line of business or to consolidate operating locations. During the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, we recorded impairment charges of $2.2 million to write-down building, building improvements, furniture and equipment to zero based on the fair market value of the DeVry University operations, which are classified within discontinued operations. During the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, the campuses of AUC and RUSM were damaged from Hurricanes Irma and Maria, respectively. Hurricane-related impairment charges of $10.9 million were recorded in the first three months of fiscal year 2018 for building, building improvements, furniture and equipment. The impairment charges are included in Cost of Educational Services in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). In the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, Adtalem announced its decision to relocate RUSM’s campus operations to Barbados and not return to RUSM’s Dominica campus. Adtalem recorded impairment charges of $37.8 million in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, to fully impair the land, buildings and equipment in Dominica as management has determined the market value less the costs to sell the facilities or move the equipment is zero (see “Note 10: Restructuring Charges”). The impairment charges are included in Restructuring Expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). For a discussion of the impairment review of goodwill and intangible assets see “Note 9: Intangibles.”
Foreign Currency Translation | Foreign Currency Translation The financial position and results of operations of the AUC, RUSM and RUSVM Caribbean operations are measured using the U.S. dollar as the functional currency. As such, there is no translation gain or loss associated with these operations. Adtalem Brazil’s and EduPristine’s operations and Becker’s and ACAMS’s international operations are measured using the local currency as the functional currency. Assets and liabilities of these entities are translated to U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet dates. Income and expense items are translated at monthly average exchange rates. The resulting translation adjustments are included in the component of Shareholders’ Equity designated as Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss. Transaction gains or losses during each of the three-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 were not material.
Noncontrolling Interest | Noncontrolling Interest Adtalem currently maintains a 97.9% ownership interest in Adtalem Brazil with the remaining 2.1% owned by members of the current Adtalem Brazil senior management group. In addition, Adtalem currently maintains a 69% ownership interest in EduPristine with the remaining 31% owned by Kaizen Management Advisors (“Kaizen”), an India-based private equity firm. The adjustment to increase or decrease the Adtalem Brazil and EduPristine noncontrolling interest each reporting period for their respective proportionate shares of Adtalem Brazil’s and EduPristine’s profit (loss) flows through the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) based on Adtalem’s noncontrolling interest accounting policy. Since July 1, 2015, Adtalem has had the right to exercise a call option and purchase any remaining Adtalem Brazil stock from Adtalem Brazil management. Likewise, Adtalem Brazil management has had the right to exercise a put option and sell its remaining ownership interest in Adtalem Brazil to Adtalem. Beginning on March 26, 2020, Adtalem will have the right to exercise a call option and purchase any remaining EduPristine stock from Kaizen. Likewise, Kaizen will have the right to exercise a put option and sell up to 33% of its remaining ownership interest in EduPristine to Adtalem. Beginning on March 26, 2022, Kaizen will have the right to exercise a put option and sell its remaining ownership interest in EduPristine to Adtalem. Since the put options are out of the control of Adtalem, authoritative guidance requires the noncontrolling interest, which includes the value of the put options, to be displayed outside of the equity section of the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Adtalem Brazil management and Kaizen put options are being accreted to their respective redemption values in accordance with the terms of the related stock purchase agreements. The adjustments to increase or decrease the put options to their expected redemption values each reporting period are recorded in retained earnings in accordance with GAAP. The following is a reconciliation of the noncontrolling interest balance (in thousands):
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |
|  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
Balance at Beginning of Period |  | $ | 9,110 |  |  | $ | 6,285 |
Net (Loss) Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest |  |  | (55 | ) |  |  | 131 |
(Decrease) Increase in Redemption Value of Noncontrolling Interest Put Options |  |  | (241 | ) |  |  | 150 |
Balance at End of Period |  | $ | 8,814 |  |  | $ | 6,566 |
Earnings per Common Share | Earnings per Common Share Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income or loss attributable to Adtalem by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period plus unvested participating restricted stock units (“RSUs”). Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income or loss attributable to Adtalem by the weighted average number of shares assuming dilution. As required by GAAP, because the three months ended September 30, 2018 resulted in a loss from continuing operations, diluted earnings per share was computed by dividing the net loss attributable to Adtalem by the weighted average number of basic shares. Diluted shares are computed using the Treasury Stock Method and reflect the additional shares that would be outstanding if dilutive stock-based grants were exercised during the period. Excluded from the computations of diluted earnings per share were outstanding stock-based grants representing 272,000 and 1,893,000 shares of common stock for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. These outstanding stock-based grants were excluded because the exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares or the assumed proceeds upon exercise under the Treasury Stock Method resulted in the repurchase of more shares than would be issued; thus, their effect would be anti-dilutive. The following is a reconciliation of basic shares to diluted shares (in thousands):
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |
|  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding |  |  | 59,722 |  |  |  | 62,014 |
Unvested Participating RSUs |  |  | 606 |  |  |  | 771 |
Basic Shares |  |  | 60,328 |  |  |  | 62,785 |
Effect of Dilutive Stock Options |  |  | 874 |  |  |  | 647 |
Diluted Shares |  |  | 61,202 |  |  |  | 63,432 |
Treasury Stock | Treasury Stock Adtalem’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) has authorized share repurchase programs on ten occasions (see “Note 7: Share Repurchase Programs”). The tenth share repurchase program was approved on February 16, 2017 and commenced in February 2017. Shares that are repurchased by Adtalem are recorded as Treasury Stock at cost and result in a reduction of Shareholders’ Equity. From time to time, shares of our common stock are delivered back to Adtalem under a swap arrangement resulting from employees’ exercise of incentive stock options pursuant to the terms of the Adtalem Stock Incentive Plans (see “Note 4: Stock-Based Compensation”). In addition, shares of our common stock are delivered back to Adtalem for payment of withholding taxes from employees for vesting RSUs. These shares are recorded as Treasury Stock at cost and result in a reduction of Shareholders’ Equity. Treasury shares are reissued on a monthly basis, at market value, to the Adtalem Colleague Stock Purchase Plan in exchange for employee payroll deductions. When treasury shares are reissued, Adtalem uses an average cost method to reduce the Treasury Stock balance. Gains on the difference between the average cost and the reissuance price are credited to Additional Paid-in Capital. Losses on the difference are charged to Additional Paid-in Capital to the extent that previous net gains from reissuance are included therein, otherwise such losses are charged to Retained Earnings.
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the amounts of revenue and expense reported during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss is composed of the change in cumulative translation adjustment, primarily at Adtalem Brazil, and unrealized gains on available-for-sale marketable securities, net of the effects of income taxes. The Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss balance as of September 30, 2018 consists of $163.2 million of cumulative translation losses ($159.4 million attributable to Adtalem and $3.8 million attributable to noncontrolling interest) and unrealized gains on available-for-sale debt securities were immaterial. As of June 30, 2018, this balance consisted of $142.6 million of cumulative translation losses ($139.6 million attributable to Adtalem and $3.0 million to noncontrolling interest) and $0.4 million of unrealized gains on available-for-sale marketable securities, net of tax of $0.1 million and all attributable to Adtalem. As of September 30, 2017, this balance consisted of $36.1 million of cumulative translation losses ($35.3 million attributable to Adtalem and $0.8 million attributable to noncontrolling interest) and $0.4 million of unrealized gains on available-for-sale marketable securities, net of tax of $0.2 million and all attributable to Adtalem.
Advertising Expense | Advertising Expense Advertising costs are recognized as expense in the period in which materials are purchased or services are performed. Advertising expense, which is included in Student Services and Administrative Expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss), was $19.0 million and $20.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Hurricane Expense | Hurricane Expense AUC and RUSM were affected by hurricane events occurring in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. Adtalem recorded expenses of $6.9 million and $13.6 million associated with the evacuation process, temporary housing and transportation of students, faculty and staff, and incremental additional costs of teaching in alternate locations in the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Received and expected insurance proceeds of $6.9 million and $9.2 million were recorded to offset these expenses in the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Based upon damage assessments of facilities, impairment write-downs of building, building improvements, furniture and equipment of $10.9 million were recorded in the three months ended September 30, 2017. Insurance proceeds of $1.8 million were recorded to offset these expenses in the three months ended September 30, 2017. In total, $13.6 million of net expense was recorded in Cost of Educational Services in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) for the three months ended September 30, 2017. The recorded expense primarily represents deductibles under the related insurance policies. No net expense was recorded in the three months ended September 30, 2018.
Restructuring Charges | Restructuring Charges Adtalem’s financial statements include charges related to severance and related benefits for workforce reductions. These charges also include early lease termination or cease-of-use costs, accelerated depreciation and losses on disposals of property and equipment related to campus and administrative office consolidations (see “Note 10: Restructuring Charges”). When estimating the costs of exiting lease space, estimates are made which could differ materially from actual results and result in additional restructuring charges or reversals in future periods.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent Accounting Pronouncements In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13: “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” This guidance was issued to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected losses on financial instruments by replacing the incurred loss impairment methodology with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses by requiring a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. The amendments are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Management is evaluating the impact the guidance will have on Adtalem’s Consolidated Financial Statements. In February 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02: “Leases (Topic 842).” This guidance was issued to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing right-to-use assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. The amendments are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Management is evaluating the impact the guidance will have on Adtalem’s Consolidated Financial Statements and believes the adoption will impact the Consolidated Balance Sheet with significant increases in assets and liabilities. In January 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01: “Financial Instruments–Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” This guidance was issued to enhance the reporting model for financial instruments to provide users of financial statements with more decision-useful information. The guidance eliminates the classification of equity securities into different categories (that is, trading or available-for-sale) and requires equity securities to be measured at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized through net income. The amendments are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, we retrospectively adopted this guidance. The adoption resulted in a cumulative adjustment to decrease retained earnings and increase additional paid-in capital, each by $0.4 million. This guidance requires Adtalem to record the changes in the fair value of its available-for-sale equity investments through net income, which is included within the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) beginning with the first quarter of fiscal year 2019. In May 2014, FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09: “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).” This guidance was issued to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue and develop a common revenue standard for GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). The guidance is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those fiscal years. We adopted this guidance effective July 1, 2018 using the full retrospective approach. The adoption of this standard did not have any impact on Adtalem’s Consolidated Financial Statements, and therefore, no adjustments were made to the prior year comparative financial statements. See subsection “Revenue Recognition” in “Note 3: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for the disclosures related to this new accounting standard.
Reclassifications | Reclassifications Beginning in the second quarter of fiscal year 2018, DeVry University operations were classified as discontinued operations. In addition, beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2018, Carrington operations were classified as discontinued operations. See “Note 2: Discontinued Operations and Assets Held for Sale” for further information. Prior period amounts have been revised to conform to the current classification. Certain expenses in prior periods previously allocated to DeVry University and Carrington within the U.S. Traditional Postsecondary segment have been reclassified to the Home Office and Other segment based on discontinued operation reporting guidance regarding allocation of corporate overhead. See “Note 14: Segment Information” for additional information. In addition, we have reclassified certain amounts in the operating section of the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows to conform to current period classification.

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