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Accounts Receivable and Credit Losses

9 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

8. Accounts Receivable and Credit Losses

We categorize our accounts receivable balances as trade receivables or financing receivables. Our trade receivables relate to student or customer balances occurring in the normal course of business. Trade receivables have a term of less than one year and are included in accounts receivable, net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our financing receivables relate to credit extension programs where the student is provided payment terms in excess of one year with their respective school and are included in accounts receivable, net and other assets, net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The classification of our accounts receivable balances was as follows (in thousands):


	March 31, 2021
		Gross		Allowance		Net
Trade receivables, current	$	87,537	$	(12,220)	$	75,317
Financing receivables, current		5,019		(2,777)		2,242
Accounts receivable, current	$	92,556	$	(14,997)	$	77,559

Financing receivables, current	$	5,019	$	(2,777)	$	2,242
Financing receivables, noncurrent		40,728		(13,540)		27,188
Total financing receivables	$	45,747	$	(16,317)	$	29,430

Our financing receivables relate to credit extension programs available to students at Chamberlain, AUC, RUSM, and RUSVM. These credit extension programs are designed to assist students who are unable to completely cover educational costs consisting of tuition, books, and fees, and are available only after all other student financial assistance has been applied toward those purposes. In addition, AUC, RUSM, and RUSVM allow students to finance their living expenses. Repayment plans for financing agreements are developed to address the financial circumstances of the particular student. Interest charges at rates from 3.0% to 12.0% per annum accrue each month on the unpaid balance once a student withdraws or graduates from a program. Most students are required to begin repaying their loans while they are still in school with a minimum payment level designed to demonstrate their capability to repay, which reduces the possibility of over borrowing. Payments may increase upon completing or departing school. After a student leaves school, the student typically will have a monthly installment repayment plan.

Credit Quality

The primary credit quality indicator for our financing receivables is delinquency. Balances are considered delinquent when contractual payments on the loan become past due. We charge-off financing receivable balances after they have been sent to a third party collector, the timing of which varies by the institution granting the loan, but in most cases is when the financing agreement is at least 181 days past due. Payments are applied first to outstanding interest and then to the unpaid principal balance.

The credit quality analysis of financing receivables as of March 31, 2021 was as follows (in thousands):


	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	Prior		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		Total
1-30 days past due	$	557	$	344	$	260	$	386	$	242	$	656	$	2,445
31-60 days past due		171		302		298		98		245		25		1,139
61-90 days past due		1,868		744		672		605		356		67		4,312
91-120 days past due		120		139		22		134		172		—		587
121-150 days past due		401		351		129		143		158		28		1,210
Greater than 150 days past due		5,994		2,369		1,512		950		313		116		11,254
Total past due		9,111		4,249		2,893		2,316		1,486		892		20,947
Current		5,114		3,243		2,322		2,002		1,955		10,164		24,800
Financing receivables, gross	$	14,225	$	7,492	$	5,215	$	4,318	$	3,441	$	11,056	$	45,747

We refinanced loans during the third quarter of fiscal year 2021, which resulted in loans previously reported under an older origination year to now be categorized as a new loan under the 2021 origination year.

The following table includes our financing receivables credit risk profile disclosures for prior periods before we adopted ASC 326 on July 1, 2020 (in thousands):


							Over						Total
	1-30 Days		31-60 Days		61-90 Days		90 Days		Total				Financing
	Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Current		Receivables
Financing receivables:
June 30, 2020	$	7,192	$	1,755	$	1,547	$	13,782	$	24,276	$	25,749	$	50,025
March 31, 2020	$	3,484	$	1,145	$	1,673	$	13,382	$	19,684	$	30,612	$	50,296

Allowance for Credit Losses

The allowance for credit losses represents an estimate of the lifetime expected credit losses inherent in our accounts receivable balances as of each balance sheet date. In evaluating the collectability of all our accounts receivable balances, we utilize historical events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts about the future.

For our trade receivables, we primarily use historical loss rates based on a student’s status to determine the allowance for credit losses. As these trade receivables are short-term in nature, management believes a student’s status provides the best credit loss estimate. Students still attending classes and recently graduated are more likely to pay than those who are inactive due to being on a leave of absence or withdrawing from school.

For our financing receivables, we primarily use historical loss rates based on an aging schedule. As these financing receivables are based on long-term financing agreements offered by Adtalem, management believes that delinquency provides the best credit loss estimate. As the financing receivable balances become further past due, it is less likely we will receive payment, causing our estimate of credit losses to increase.

The following tables provide a rollforward of the allowance for credit losses (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2021						Nine Months Ended March 31, 2021
	Trade		Financing		Total		Trade		Financing		Total
Beginning balance	$	11,298	$	17,355	$	28,653	$	10,825	$	15,690	$	26,515
Write-offs		(1,499)		(1,934)		(3,433)		(3,401)		(3,787)		(7,188)
Recoveries		336		20		356		727		145		872
Provision for credit losses		2,085		876		2,961		4,069		4,269		8,338
Ending balance	$	12,220	$	16,317	$	28,537	$	12,220	$	16,317	$	28,537


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020						Nine Months Ended March 31, 2020
	Trade		Financing		Total		Trade		Financing		Total
Beginning balance	$	9,652	$	13,873	$	23,525	$	8,243	$	6,289	$	14,532
Write-offs		(475)		(593)		(1,068)		(3,379)		(664)		(4,043)
Recoveries		202		12		214		706		40		746
Provision for credit losses		120		1,399		1,519		3,929		9,026		12,955
Ending balance	$	9,499	$	14,691	$	24,190	$	9,499	$	14,691	$	24,190

Allowance for bad debts on short-term and long-term receivables as of March 31, 2021, June 30, 2020, and March 31, 2020 were $28.5 million, $26.5 million, and $24.2 million, respectively. The increase in the reserve from the year-ago period is driven by an increase in our overall historical loss rates, primarily related to the credit extension programs at the medical and veterinary schools.

Accounts receivable, net decreased with an offsetting increase in other assets, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2021 compared to the prior periods presented primarily due to a correction in the methodology on how we classify financing receivable balances between current and noncurrent assets.

Other Financing Receivables

In connection with the sale of DeVry University, Adtalem loaned $10.0 million to DeVry University under the terms of the Note. The Note bears interest at a rate of 4% per annum, payable annually in arrears, and has a maturity date of January 1, 2022. The DeVry University loan receivable is included on the Consolidated Balance Sheet in prepaid expenses and other current assets as of March 31, 2021 and other assets, net as of each of June 30, 2020 and March 31, 2020, and is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using an average of current rates for similar arrangements, which is estimated at 4% per annum. Management has evaluated the collectability of this note and has determined no reserve is necessary.

On July 31, 2019, Adtalem sold its Chicago, Illinois, campus facility to DePaul College Prep Foundation (“DePaul College Prep”). In connection with the sale, Adtalem holds a mortgage from DePaul College Prep for $46.8 million. The mortgage is due on July 31, 2024 as a balloon payment and bears interest at a rate of 4% per annum, payable monthly. The carrying value of the DePaul College Prep loan receivable is included in other assets, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2021, June 30, 2020, and March 31, 2020 is $42.4 million, $41.4 million, and $41.1 million, respectively, and was originally determined by discounting the future cash flows using an average of current rates for similar arrangements, which is estimated at 7% per annum. Management has evaluated the collectability of this note and has determined no reserve is necessary.