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Accounts Receivable and Credit Losses

3 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

9. Accounts Receivable and Credit Losses

We categorize our accounts receivable balances as trade receivables or financing receivables. Our trade receivables relate to student or customer balances occurring in the normal course of business. Trade receivables have a term of less than one year and are included in accounts receivable, net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our financing receivables relate to credit extension programs where the student is provided payment terms in excess of one year with their respective school and are included in accounts receivable, net and other assets, net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The classification of our accounts receivable balances was as follows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2021
		Gross		Allowance		Net
Trade receivables, current	$	178,284	$	(18,122)	$	160,162
Financing receivables, current		8,294		(5,245)		3,049
Accounts receivable, current	$	186,578	$	(23,367)	$	163,211

Financing receivables, current	$	8,294	$	(5,245)	$	3,049
Financing receivables, noncurrent		37,509		(11,819)		25,690
Total financing receivables	$	45,803	$	(17,064)	$	28,739


	June 30, 2021
		Gross		Allowance		Net
Trade receivables, current	$	79,062	$	(13,154)	$	65,908
Financing receivables, current		6,348		(4,260)		2,088
Accounts receivable, current	$	85,410	$	(17,414)	$	67,996

Financing receivables, current	$	6,348	$	(4,260)	$	2,088
Financing receivables, noncurrent		39,665		(12,572)		27,093
Total financing receivables	$	46,013	$	(16,832)	$	29,181


	September 30, 2020
		Gross		Allowance		Net
Trade receivables, current	$	106,980	$	(10,634)	$	96,346
Financing receivables, current		6,906		(3,716)		3,190
Accounts receivable, current	$	113,886	$	(14,350)	$	99,536

Financing receivables, current	$	6,906	$	(3,716)	$	3,190
Financing receivables, noncurrent		42,925		(13,099)		29,826
Total financing receivables	$	49,831	$	(16,815)	$	33,016

Our financing receivables relate to credit extension programs available to students at Chamberlain, AUC, RUSM, and RUSVM. These credit extension programs are designed to assist students who are unable to completely cover educational costs consisting of tuition, books, and fees, and are available only after all other student financial assistance has been applied toward those purposes. In addition, AUC, RUSM, and RUSVM allow students to finance their living expenses. Repayment plans for financing agreements are developed to address the financial circumstances of the particular student. Interest charges at rates from 3.0% to 12.0% per annum accrue each month on the unpaid balance once a student withdraws or graduates from a program. Most students are required to begin repaying their loans while they are still in school with a minimum payment level designed to demonstrate their capability to repay, which reduces the possibility of over borrowing. Payments may increase upon completing or departing school. After a student leaves school, the student typically will have a monthly installment repayment plan.

Credit Quality

The primary credit quality indicator for our financing receivables is delinquency. Balances are considered delinquent when contractual payments on the loan become past due. We charge-off financing receivable balances after they have been sent to a third party collector, the timing of which varies by the institution granting the loan, but in most cases is when the financing agreement is at least 181 days past due. Payments are applied first to outstanding interest and then to the unpaid principal balance.

The credit quality analysis of financing receivables as of September 30, 2021 was as follows (in thousands):


	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	Prior		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		Total
1-30 days past due	$	149	$	60	$	145	$	342	$	1,498	$	33	$	2,227
31-60 days past due		52		257		230		19		462		101		1,121
61-90 days past due		25		66		—		19		227		86		423
91-120 days past due		124		16		131		12		467		—		750
121-150 days past due		545		13		38		2		323		—		921
Greater than 150 days past due		9,347		1,826		1,195		891		1,083		—		14,342
Total past due		10,242		2,238		1,739		1,285		4,060		220		19,784
Current		6,670		2,710		1,930		1,280		11,638		1,791		26,019
Financing receivables, gross	$	16,912	$	4,948	$	3,669	$	2,565	$	15,698	$	2,011	$	45,803

The credit quality analysis of financing receivables as of June 30, 2021 was as follows (in thousands):


	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	Prior		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		Total
1-30 days past due	$	297	$	7	$	320	$	559	$	135	$	1,616	$	2,934
31-60 days past due		145		2		165		49		61		660		1,082
61-90 days past due		24		310		92		102		69		95		692
91-120 days past due		287		—		131		16		47		13		494
121-150 days past due		43		31		133		42		256		108		613
Greater than 150 days past due		7,468		2,973		1,919		1,431		475		872		15,138
Total past due		8,264		3,323		2,760		2,199		1,043		3,364		20,953
Current		4,565		1,955		2,601		1,586		1,548		12,805		25,060
Financing receivables, gross	$	12,829	$	5,278	$	5,361	$	3,785	$	2,591	$	16,169	$	46,013

The credit quality analysis of financing receivables as of September 30, 2020 was as follows (in thousands):


	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	Prior		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		Total
1-30 days past due	$	1,117	$	1,338	$	647	$	889	$	379	$	24	$	4,394
31-60 days past due		556		145		41		67		223		—		1,032
61-90 days past due		609		59		444		71		127		—		1,310
91-120 days past due		804		751		741		183		—		—		2,479
121-150 days past due		68		317		35		60		—		—		480
Greater than 150 days past due		7,307		2,088		1,699		889		334		—		12,317
Total past due		10,461		4,698		3,607		2,159		1,063		24		22,012
Current		11,634		4,994		3,732		4,682		2,384		393		27,819
Financing receivables, gross	$	22,095	$	9,692	$	7,339	$	6,841	$	3,447	$	417	$	49,831

Allowance for Credit Losses

The allowance for credit losses represents an estimate of the lifetime expected credit losses inherent in our accounts receivable balances as of each balance sheet date. In evaluating the collectability of all our accounts receivable balances, we utilize historical events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts about the future.

For our trade receivables, we primarily use historical loss rates based on an aging schedule and a student’s status to determine the allowance for credit losses. As these trade receivables are short-term in nature, management believes a student’s status provides the best credit loss estimate, while also factoring in delinquency. Students still attending classes, recently graduated, or current on payments are more likely to pay than those who are inactive due to being on a leave of absence, withdrawing from school, or not current on payments.

For our financing receivables, we primarily use historical loss rates based on an aging schedule. As these financing receivables are based on long-term financing agreements offered by Adtalem, management believes that delinquency provides the best credit loss estimate. As the financing receivable balances become further past due, it is less likely we will receive payment, causing our estimate of credit losses to increase.

The following tables provide a rollforward of the allowance for credit losses (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Trade		Financing		Total
Beginning balance	$	13,154	$	16,832	$	29,986
Write-offs		(1,910)		(537)		(2,447)
Recoveries		1,318		—		1,318
Provision for credit losses		5,560		769		6,329
Ending balance	$	18,122	$	17,064	$	35,186


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Trade		Financing		Total
Beginning balance	$	10,825	$	15,690	$	26,515
Write-offs		(759)		(256)		(1,015)
Recoveries		186		40		226
Provision for credit losses		382		1,341		1,723
Ending balance	$	10,634	$	16,815	$	27,449

Allowance for bad debts on short-term and long-term receivables as of September 30, 2021, June 30, 2021, and September 30, 2020 was $35.2 million, $30.0 million, and $27.4 million, respectively. The increase in the reserve from the year-ago period is driven by the provision for credit losses at Walden.

Other Financing Receivables

In connection with the sale of DeVry University, Adtalem loaned $10.0 million to DeVry University under the terms of the DeVry Note. The DeVry Note bears interest at a rate of 4% per annum, payable annually in arrears, and has a maturity date of January 1, 2022. The DeVry University loan receivable is included on the Consolidated Balance Sheet in prepaid expenses and other current assets as of each of September 30, 2021 and June 30, 2021, and other assets, net as of September 30, 2020, and is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using an average of current rates for similar arrangements, which is estimated at 4% per annum. Management has evaluated the collectability of this note and has determined no reserve is necessary.

On July 31, 2019, Adtalem sold its Chicago, Illinois, campus facility to DePaul College Prep Foundation (“DePaul College Prep”). In connection with the sale, Adtalem holds a mortgage from DePaul College Prep for $46.8 million. The mortgage is due on July 31, 2024 as a balloon payment and bears interest at a rate of 4% per annum, payable monthly. The carrying value of the DePaul College Prep loan receivable is included in other assets, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2021, June 30, 2021, and September 30, 2020 is $43.0 million, $42.7 million, and $41.7 million, respectively, and was originally determined by discounting the future cash flows using an average of current rates for similar arrangements, which is estimated at 7% per annum. Management has evaluated the collectability of this note and has determined no reserve is necessary.