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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Income before Income Tax | Income from continuing operations before income taxes, classified by source of income, was as follows (in thousands): ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Year Ended June 30,
​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | 2022 | ​ | 2021
Domestic | ​ | $ | 51,422 | ​ | $ | (112,151) | ​ | $ | 12,471
Foreign | ​ |  | 60,613 | ​ |  | 60,657 | ​ |  | 63,295
Total | ​ | $ | 112,035 | ​ | $ | (51,494) | ​ | $ | 75,766
Income Tax Provisions (Benefits) | The components of the provision for (benefit from) income taxes were as follows (in thousands): ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Year Ended June 30,
​ |  | 2023 | ​ | 2022 | ​ | 2021
Current tax provision (benefit): |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
U.S. federal | ​ | $ | 13,761 | ​ | $ | (6,767) | ​ | $ | 9,860
State and local | ​ |  | 824 | ​ |  | 4,154 | ​ |  | 1,691
Foreign | ​ |  | 614 | ​ |  | 725 | ​ |  | 547
Total current | ​ |  | 15,199 | ​ |  | (1,888) | ​ |  | 12,098
Deferred tax provision (benefit): | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
U.S. federal | ​ |  | (1,099) | ​ |  | (6,425) | ​ |  | (2,970)
State and local | ​ |  | (4,347) | ​ |  | (6,597) | ​ |  | 996
Foreign | ​ |  | 530 | ​ |  | (629) | ​ |  | 2,194
Total deferred | ​ |  | (4,916) | ​ |  | (13,651) | ​ |  | 220
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes | ​ | $ | 10,283 | ​ | $ | (15,539) | ​ | $ | 12,318
Income Tax Provisions Computed using Statutory U.S. Federal Rate | The effective tax rate differs from the statutory tax rates as follows (in thousands): ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Year Ended June 30, |
​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | ​ | 2022 | ​ | ​ | 2021 |
Income tax at statutory rate | ​ | $ | 23,527 | ​ | 21.0 | % | ​ | $ | (10,814) | ​ | 21.0 | % | ​ | $ | 15,911 | ​ | 21.0 | %
Lower rates on foreign operations | ​ |  | (11,668) |  | (10.4) | % | ​ |  | (12,879) |  | 25.0 | % | ​ |  | (10,664) |  | (14.1) | %
State income taxes | ​ |  | 2,719 |  | 2.4 | % | ​ |  | (661) |  | 1.3 | % | ​ |  | 1,199 |  | 1.6 | %
Loss on investment in subsidiary | ​ |  | — |  | — | % | ​ |  | (1,669) |  | 3.2 | % | ​ |  | — |  | — | %
Deferred tax benefit from acquisitions and divestitures | ​ |  | — |  | — | % | ​ |  | (1,153) |  | 2.2 | % | ​ |  | — |  | — | %
Research and development tax credits | ​ | ​ | (1,862) | ​ | (1.7) | % | ​ | ​ | — |  | — | % | ​ | ​ | — |  | — | %
Change in valuation allowance | ​ | ​ | (9,769) | ​ | (8.7) | % | ​ | ​ | 5,406 |  | (10.5) | % | ​ | ​ | (162) |  | (0.2) | %
Reduction in state loss carryforwards | ​ | ​ | 2,340 | ​ | 2.1 | % | ​ | ​ | (5,882) |  | 11.4 | % | ​ | ​ | — |  | — | %
Permanent non-deductible items | ​ |  | 1,630 |  | 1.5 | % | ​ |  | 2,788 |  | (5.4) | % | ​ |  | 796 |  | 1.1 | %
Foreign tax provisions under GILTI | ​ | ​ | 3,569 | ​ | 3.2 | % | ​ |  | 8,581 | ​ | (16.7) | % | ​ |  | 4,787 | ​ | 6.3 | %
Other | ​ |  | (203) |  | (0.2) | % | ​ |  | 744 |  | (1.4) | % | ​ |  | 451 |  | 0.6 | %
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes | ​ | $ | 10,283 |  | 9.2 | % | ​ | $ | (15,539) |  | 30.2 | % | ​ | $ | 12,318 |  | 16.3 | %
Deferred Tax Assets (Liabilities) | The components of the deferred income tax assets and liabilities were as follows (in thousands): ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | June 30,
​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | 2022
Employee benefits | ​ | $ | 11,719 | ​ | $ | 9,936
Stock-based compensation | ​ |  | 7,310 | ​ |  | 6,675
Receivable reserve | ​ |  | 6,246 | ​ |  | 6,919
Capitalized research and experimental costs | ​ |  | 8,075 | ​ |  | —
Operating lease liabilities | ​ | ​ | 41,235 | ​ | ​ | 44,089
Other reserves | ​ |  | 6,246 | ​ |  | 1,865
Loss and credit carryforwards, net | ​ |  | 19,259 | ​ |  | 21,206
Less: valuation allowance | ​ |  | (621) | ​ |  | (10,390)
Gross deferred tax assets | ​ |  | 99,469 | ​ |  | 80,300
Depreciation | ​ |  | (5,643) | ​ |  | (5,314)
Deferred taxes on unremitted foreign earnings | ​ | ​ | (428) | ​ | ​ | (397)
Amortization of intangible assets | ​ |  | (31,294) | ​ |  | (18,975)
Operating lease assets | ​ | ​ | (31,478) | ​ | ​ | (30,075)
Gross deferred tax liability | ​ |  | (68,843) | ​ |  | (54,761)
Net deferred tax asset | ​ | $ | 30,626 | ​ | $ | 25,539
Net Operating Loss and Credit Carryforwards | Adtalem has the following tax net operating loss (tax effected), interest (tax effected), and credit carryforwards as of June 30, 2023 (in thousands): ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | June 30, | ​ | Years of Expiration
​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | Beginning | ​ | Ending
U.S. interest expense carryforwards | ​ | $ | 1,861 |  | no expiration
U.S. credit carryforwards | ​ | ​ | 672 | ​ | 2027 | ​ | 2030
State net operating loss carryforwards | ​ |  | 10,388 |  | 2024 |  | 2042
State interest expense carryforwards | ​ | ​ | 862 | ​ | no expiration
Foreign net operating loss carryforwards | ​ |  | 5,476 |  | 2024 |  | 2033
Total loss and credit carryforwards, net | ​ | $ | 19,259 |  | ​ | ​ | ​
Changes in Unrecognized Tax Benefits | The changes in our unrecognized tax benefits were (in thousands): ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Year Ended June 30,
​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | 2022 | ​ | 2021
Balance at beginning of period | ​ | $ | 11,645 | ​ | $ | 9,836 | ​ | $ | 10,473
Increases from positions taken during prior periods | ​ |  | 1,299 | ​ |  | 1,074 | ​ |  | —
Decreases from positions taken during prior periods | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (1,737) | ​ |  | (419)
Increases from positions taken during the current period | ​ |  | 665 | ​ |  | 2,845 | ​ |  | 42
Reductions due to lapse of statute | ​ |  | (481) | ​ |  | (373) | ​ |  | (257)
Reductions due to settlement | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (3)
Balance at end of period | ​ | $ | 13,128 | ​ | $ | 11,645 | ​ | $ | 9,836

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