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Variable Interest Entities
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Variable Interest Entities
NOTE W—VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
Variable interest entities (“VIEs”) are entities that either have a total equity investment that is insufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or whose equity investors lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest (i.e., ability to make significant decisions, through voting rights, right to receive the expected residual returns of the entity, and obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity). VIEs can be structured as corporations, trusts, partnerships, or other legal entities. United’s business practices include relationships with certain VIEs. For United, the business purpose of these relationships primarily consists of funding activities in the form of issuing trust preferred securities.
United currently sponsors twenty
statutory business trusts that were created for the purpose of raising funds that originally qualified for Tier I regulatory capital. As previously discussed, these trusts now are considered Tier II regulatory capital. These trusts, of which several were acquired through bank acquisitions, issued or participated in pools of trust preferred
 
capital securities to third-party investors with the proceeds invested in junior subordinated debt securities of United. The Company, through a small capital contribution, owns
100% of the voting equity shares of each trust. The assets, liabilities, operations, and cash flows of each trust are solely related to the issuance, administration, and repayment of the preferred equity securities held by third-party investors. United fully and unconditionally guarantees the obligations of each trust and is obligated to redeem the junior subordinated debentures upon maturity.
As defined in applicable accounting standards, VIEs are entities that lack one or more of the characteristics of a voting interest entity. A controlling financial interest in a VIE is present when an enterprise has both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and an obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The enterprise with a controlling financial interest, known as the primary beneficiary, consolidates the VIE. United’s wholly owned and indirect wholly owned statutory trust subsidiaries are VIEs for which United is not the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, its accounts are not included in United’s consolidated financial statements. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, United’s investment (maximum exposure to loss) in these trusts were $12,686,000 and $12,238,000, respectively.
United, through its banking subsidiary, also makes limited partner equity investments in various low income housing, community development and other partnerships sponsored by independent third-parties. United invests in these partnerships to either realize tax credits on its consolidated federal income tax return or for purposes of earning a return on its investment. These partnerships are considered VIEs as the limited partners lack a controlling financial interest in the entities through their inability to make decisions that have a significant effect on the operations and success of the partnerships. These partnerships are not consolidated as United is not deemed to be the primary beneficiary. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, United’s investment (maximum exposure to loss) in these low income housing, community development and other partnerships were $
129,861,000
and $
98,441,000
, respectively, while related unfunded commitments were $
103,184,000
and $
89,292,000
,
respectively. The total amount of these unfunded commitments in low income housing, community development and other partnerships at December 31, 2025 includes $5,000,000 to a related interest of a director of the Company. As of December 31, 2025, United expects to recover its remaining investments through the use of the tax credits that are generated by the investments.