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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Tax Provisions Included in the Consolidated Statements of Income
The income tax provisions included in the consolidated statements of income are summarized as follows:
 
    
Year Ended December 31
 
(In thousands)
  
2025
    
2024
    
2023
 
Current expense:
        
Federal
   $ 85,133      $ 77,347      $ 84,441  
State and local
     17,019        17,604        15,972  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total current income tax expense
     102,152        94,951        100,413  
Deferred expense (benefit):
        
Federal
     11,764        334        (2,053
State and local
     4,881        (3,702      (868
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total deferred income tax expense (benefit)
     16,645        (3,368      (2,921
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total income tax expense:
   $ 118,797      $ 91,583      $ 97,492  
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Reconciliation of Income Tax Expense to the Amount Computed by Applying the Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate
The following is a reconciliation of income tax expense to the amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to income before income taxes:
 

 
  
Year Ended December 31
 
(Dollars in thousands)
  
2025
 
 
2024
 
 
2023
 
 
  
Amount
 
 
%
 
 
Amount
 
 
%
 
 
Amount
 
 
%
 
Tax on income before taxes at statutory federal rate
    $  122,514       21.0    $  97,562       21.0    $  97,399       21.0
State and local income taxes net of federal tax benefits
(1)
     17,137       2.9       13,591       2.9       11,847       2.6  
Domestic Federal
            
Tax Credits
            
Low income housing
     (19,030     (3.3     (15,814     (3.4     (13,557     (2.9
Other
     (1,303     (0.2     (706     (0.1     (1,639 )     (0.4
Nontaxable and nondeductible items
     (2,301     (0.4     (2,439     (0.5     (2,974     (0.6
Other
     1,780       0.4       (611     (0.2     6,416       1.3  
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total income tax expense
    $ 118,797       20.4    $ 91,583       19.7    $ 97,492       21.0
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
(1)
State taxes in West Virginia and Maryland made up the majority (greater than 50 percent) of the tax effect in this category.
Components of United's Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities Significant components of United’s deferred tax assets and liabilities (included in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets) at December 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:
 
(In thousands)
  
2025
 
  
2024
 
Deferred tax assets:
     
Allowance for credit losses
   $ 79,490      $ 73,315  
Accrued benefits payable
     16,514        20,256  
Other accrued liabilities
     603        1,857  
Unrealized loss on securities available for sale
     49,091        77,189  
Other real estate owned
     122        127  
Lease liabilities under operating leases
     22,799        20,738  
 
(In thousands)
  
2025
 
  
2024
 
Net operating loss carryforwards
     2,724        0  
Purchase accounting intangibles
     1,159        0  
Income tax credit carryforward
     1,406        4,415  
Deferred mortgage points
     1,465        425  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total deferred tax assets
     175,373        198,322  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities:
     
Premises and equipment
     8,937        8,307  
Right-of-use assets under operating leases
     21,345        19,536  
Pension plan accruals
     13,050        10,743  
Derivatives
     7,367        10,487  
Purchase accounting intangibles
     0        6,626  
Other
     1,584        1,063  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total deferred tax liabilities
     52,283        56,762  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Net deferred tax assets
   $ 123,090      $ 141,560  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Reconciliation of the Total Amounts of Unrecognized Tax Benefits
Below is a reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits:
 
 
  
December 31
 
(In thousands)
  
2025
 
  
2024
 
Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year
    $ 2,144       $ 2,599  
Increase in unrecognized tax benefits as a result of tax positions taken during the current period
     956        323  
Decreases in the unrecognized tax benefits as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations
     (2,144      (778
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year
    $ 956       $ 2,144  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Disaggregation Of Income Taxes Paid Net Of Refunds [Table Text Block]
The following presents a disaggregation of income taxes paid, net of refunds:
 
 
  
Year Ended December 31
 
(Dollars in thousands)
  
2025
 
 
2024
 
 
2023
 
Federal
   $ 89,800     $ 70,407     $ 89,500  
State and local
     24,663
(1)
 
    15,814
(2)
 
    15,960
(3)
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total income taxes paid, net of refunds
(4)
   $ 114,463     $ 86,221     $ 105,460  
  
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 

(1)
For the year ended December 31, 2025, income taxes paid to West Virginia of $9,000 and Maryland of $5,950 exceeded 5% of total income taxes paid.
(2)
For the year ended December 31, 2024, income taxes paid to Maryland of $6,150 exceeded 5% of total income taxes paid.
(3)
For the year ended December 31, 2023, income taxes paid to West Virginia of $6,851 exceeded 5% of total income taxes paid.
(4)
Income taxes paid, net of refunds includes amounts paid to third parties for purchases of transferable tax credits of $11,680 in 2025 and $1,636 in 2024.