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Income Tax Expense | 12 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2013
Income Tax Expense [Abstract] |
Income Tax Expense | 8. Income Tax Expense Total income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011 was allocated to income tax expense as follows:
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2013 |  | 2012 |  | 2011
Income tax expense from Continuing Operations |  | $ | 18,335 |  |  | 17,408 |  |  | 16,922
Income tax (benefit) expense from Discontinued Operations |  |  | (5,215) |  |  | 7,397 |  |  | 7,535
Total income tax expense |  | $ | 13,120 |  |  | 24,805 |  |  | 24,457
The components of income from continuing operations before income taxes consisted of the following for the years ended September 30:
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2013 |  | 2012 |  | 2011
United States |  | $ | 43,159 |  |  | 46,883 |  |  | 49,702
Foreign |  |  | 6,436 |  |  | 5,299 |  |  | 4,303
Total income before income taxes |  | $ | 49,595 |  |  | 52,182 |  |  | 54,005
The principal components of income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011 consist of:
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2013 |  | 2012 |  | 2011
Federal |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | $ | 10,723 |  |  | 11,144 |  |  | 9,667
Deferred |  |  | 2,942 |  |  | 2,954 |  |  | 4,672
State and local: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  |  | 896 |  |  | 1,372 |  |  | 1,801
Deferred |  |  | 642 |  |  | 309 |  |  | 464
Foreign: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  |  | 2,033 |  |  | 1,863 |  |  | 3,049
Deferred |  |  | 1,099 |  |  | (234) |  |  | (2,731)
Total |  | $ | 18,335 |  |  | 17,408 |  |  | 16,922
The actual income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011 differs from the expected tax expense for those years (computed by applying the U.S. Federal corporate statutory rate) as follows:
|  | 2013 |  |  | 2012 |  |  | 2011 |
Federal corporate statutory rate |  |  | 35.0 | % |  |  | 35.0 | % |  |  | 35.0 | %
State and local, net of Federal benefits |  |  | 2.7 |  |  |  | 3.3 |  |  |  | 3.7 |
Foreign |  |  | (1.9) |  |  |  | (0.7) |  |  |  | (2.3) |
Research credit |  |  | (2.5) |  |  |  | (0.3) |  |  |  | (1.3) |
Domestic production deduction |  |  | (2.5) |  |  |  | (2.4) |  |  |  | (2.2) |
Change in uncertain tax positions |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | (3.6) |  |  |  | (0.5) |
Purchase accounting adjustment |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1.0 |  |  |  | — |
Executive compensation |  |  | 1.8 |  |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 0.5 |
Valuation allowance |  |  | 4.0 |  |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | (1.7) |
Other, net |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | 0.1 |
Effective income tax rate |  |  | 37.0 | % |  |  | 33.4 | % |  |  | 31.3 | %
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities at September 30, 2013, and 2012 are presented below:
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2013 |  | 2012
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
Inventories, long-term contract accounting, contract cost reserves and other |  | $ | 6,825 |  |  | 7,819
Pension and other postretirement benefits |  |  | 7,417 |  |  | 13,437
Net operating loss carryforward — domestic |  |  | 848 |  |  | 562
Net operating loss carryforward — foreign |  |  | 3,955 |  |  | 3,841
Capital loss carryforward |  |  | 240 |  |  | 240
Other compensation-related costs and other cost accruals |  |  | 19,325 |  |  | 17,589
State credit carryforward |  |  | 1,099 |  |  | 997
Total deferred tax assets |  |  | 39,709 |  |  | 44,485
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill |  |  | (14,576) |  |  | (12,783)
Acquisition assets |  |  | (61,403) |  |  | (63,323)
Depreciation, software amortization |  |  | (36,396) |  |  | (33,799)
Net deferred tax liabilities before valuation allowance |  |  | (72,666) |  |  | (65,420)
Less valuation allowance |  |  | (3,780) |  |  | (942)
Net deferred tax liabilities |  | $ | (76,446) |  |  | (66,362)
The Company has a foreign net operating loss carryforward of $14 million at September 30, 2013, which reflects tax loss carryforwards in Brazil, Germany, India, Japan and the United Kingdom. $12.7 million of the tax loss carryforwards have no expiration date while the remaining $1.3 million will expire between 2020 and 2022. The Company has state net operating loss carryforwards of $9.9 million at September 30, 2013 which expire between 2018 and 2033. The Company also has net state research and other credit carryforwards of $1.1 million of which $1 million expires between 2023 and 2028. The remaining $0.1 million does not have an expiration date. At September 30, 2013, the Company has established a valuation allowance of $0.4 million against state credit carryforwards and $0.4 million against state net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards that are not expected to be realized in future periods. In addition, the Company has established a valuation allowance of $0.2 million at September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively, against the capital loss carryforward generated in 2008, as such loss carryforward may not be realized in future periods. Lastly, the Company has established a valuation allowance against certain NOL carryforwards in foreign jurisdictions which may not be realized in future periods. The valuation allowance established against the foreign NOL carryforwards was $2.8 million and $0.7 million at September 30, 2013, and 2012, respectively. The Company classifies its valuation allowance related to deferred taxes on a pro rata basis by taxing jurisdiction. The Company’s foreign subsidiaries have accumulated unremitted earnings of $33.3 million and cash of $25.3 million at September 30, 2013. No deferred taxes have been provided on these accumulated unremitted earnings because these funds are not needed to meet the liquidity requirements of the Company’s U.S. operations and it is the Company’s intention to indefinitely reinvest these earnings in continuing international operations. In the event these foreign entities’ earnings were distributed, it is estimated that U.S. taxes, net of available foreign tax credits, of approximately $6 million would be due, which would correspondingly reduce the Company’s net earnings. No significant portion of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries’ earnings was taxed at a very low tax rate. As of September 30, 2013, the Company had $2.2 million of unrecognized benefits (see table below), which, net of Federal benefit, if recognized, would affect the Company’s effective tax rate. A reconciliation of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended September 30, 2013, and 2012 is presented in the table below:
(Dollars in millions) |  | 2013 |  | 2012
Balance as of October 1, |  | $ | 1.8 |  |  | 3.6
Increases related to prior year tax positions |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | —
Decreases related to prior year tax positions |  |  | — |  |  | (0.3)
Increases related to current year tax positions |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.1
Decreases related to settlements with taxing authorities |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | —
Lapse of statute of limitations |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | (1.6)
Balance as of September 30, |  | $ | 2.2 |  |  | 1.8
The Company anticipates a $1.1 million reduction in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits in the next 12 months as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations. The Company’s policy is to include interest related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense and penalties in operating expense. As of September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011, the Company had accrued interest related to uncertain tax positions of $0.1 million, $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively, net of Federal income tax benefit, on its Consolidated Balance Sheet. No significant penalties have been accrued. The principal jurisdictions for which the Company files income tax returns are U.S. Federal and the various city, state, and international locations where the Company has operations. The U.S. Federal tax years for the periods ended September 30, 2010, and forward remain subject to income tax examination. Various state tax years for the periods ended September 30, 2009, and forward remain subject to income tax examinations. The Company is subject to income tax in many jurisdictions outside the United States, none of which is individually material to the Company’s financial position, statements of cash flows, or results of operations.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6907707&loc=d3e32718-109319 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=26873400&loc=d3e23780-122690 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher SEC -Name Regulation S-X (SX) -Number 210 -Section 08 -Paragraph h -Article 4 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6907707&loc=d3e32639-109319 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6907707&loc=d3e32537-109319 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6907707&loc=d3e32559-109319 + Details
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