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Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract] |
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses | 3. Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses The Company generally makes loans in its market areas of southern and central Mississippi; southern and central Alabama; northwest, central and southern Louisiana; the northern, central and panhandle regions of Florida; certain areas of east and northeast Texas; and the metropolitan areas of Nashville, Tennessee and Atlanta, Georgia. Loans, net of unearned income, by portfolio are presented at amortized cost basis in the table below. Amortized cost does not include accrued interest, which is reflected in the accrued interest line item in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, totaling $125.4 million and $124.7 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The following table presents loans, net of unearned income, by portfolio class at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
|  | March 31, |  |  | December 31, |
($ in thousands) |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Commercial non-real estate |  | $ | 9,926,333 |  |  | $ | 9,957,284 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  |  | 3,080,192 |  |  |  | 3,093,763 |
Total commercial and industrial |  |  | 13,006,525 |  |  |  | 13,051,047 |
Commercial real estate - income producing |  |  | 4,042,797 |  |  |  | 3,986,943 |
Construction and land development |  |  | 1,541,773 |  |  |  | 1,551,091 |
Residential mortgages |  |  | 3,983,321 |  |  |  | 3,886,072 |
Consumer |  |  | 1,396,522 |  |  |  | 1,446,764 |
Total loans |  | $ | 23,970,938 |  |  | $ | 23,921,917 |
The following briefly describes the composition of each loan category and portfolio class. Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial loans are made available to businesses for working capital (including financing of inventory and receivables), business expansion, to facilitate the acquisition of a business, and the purchase of equipment and machinery, including equipment leasing. These loans are primarily made based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and, when secured, have the added strength of the underlying collateral. Commercial non-real estate loans may be secured by the assets being financed or other tangible or intangible business assets such as accounts receivable, inventory, ownership, enterprise value or commodity interests, and may incorporate a personal or corporate guarantee; however, some short-term loans may be made on an unsecured basis, including a small portfolio of corporate credit cards, generally issued as a part of overall customer relationships. Commercial real estate – owner occupied loans consist of commercial mortgages on properties where repayment is generally dependent on the cash flow from the ongoing operations and activities of the borrower. Like commercial non-real estate, these loans are primarily made based on the identified cash flows of the borrower, but also have the added strength of the value of underlying real estate collateral. Commercial real estate – income producing Commercial real estate – income producing loans consist of loans secured by commercial mortgages on properties where the loan is made to real estate developers or investors and repayment is dependent on the sale, refinance, or income generated from the operation of the property. Properties financed include retail, office, multifamily, senior housing, hotel/motel, skilled nursing facilities and other commercial properties. Construction and land development Construction and land development loans are made to facilitate the acquisition, development, improvement and construction of both commercial and residential-purpose properties. Such loans are made to builders and investors where repayment is expected to be made from the sale, refinance or operation of the property or to businesses to be used in their business operations. This portfolio also includes residential construction loans and loans secured by raw land not yet under development. Residential mortgages Residential mortgages consist of closed-end loans secured by first liens on 1- 4 family residential properties. The portfolio includes both fixed and adjustable rate loans, although most longer-term, fixed rate loans originated are generally sold in the secondary mortgage market. Consumer Consumer loans include second lien mortgage home loans, home equity lines of credit and nonresidential consumer purpose loans. Nonresidential consumer loans include both direct and indirect loans. Direct nonresidential consumer loans are made to finance the purchase of personal property, including automobiles, recreational vehicles and boats, and for other personal purposes (secured and unsecured), and deposit account secured loans. Indirect nonresidential consumer loans include automobile financing provided to the consumer through an agreement with automobile dealerships, though the Company is no longer engaged in this type of lending and the remaining portfolio is in runoff. Consumer loans also include a small portfolio of credit card receivables issued on the basis of applications received through referrals from the Bank’s branches, online and other marketing efforts. Allowance for Credit Losses The calculation of the allowance for credit losses is performed using two primary approaches: a collective approach for pools of loans that have similar risk characteristics using a loss rate analysis, and a specific reserve analysis for credits individually evaluated. The allowance for credit losses for collectively evaluated portfolios is developed using multiple Moody’s macroeconomic forecasts applied to internally developed credit models for a two year reasonable and supportable period. The following tables present activity in the allowance for credit losses (ACL) by portfolio class for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, as well as the corresponding recorded investment in loans at the end of each period.
|  |  | Commercial |  | Total |  | Commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Commercial |  | real estate- |  | commercial |  | real estate- |  | Construction |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| non-real |  | owner |  | and |  | income |  | and land |  | Residential |  |  |  |  |
($ in thousands) | estate |  | occupied |  | industrial |  | producing |  | development |  | mortgages |  | Consumer |  | Total |
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 |
Allowance for credit losses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 101,737 |  | $ | 40,197 |  | $ | 141,934 |  | $ | 74,539 |  | $ | 27,039 |  | $ | 38,983 |  | $ | 25,412 |  | $ | 307,907 |
Charge-offs |  | (9,630 | ) |  | — |  |  | (9,630 | ) |  | (8,819 | ) |  | (75 | ) |  | (56 | ) |  | (4,786 | ) |  | (23,366 | )
Recoveries |  | 13,104 |  |  | 102 |  |  | 13,206 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 61 |  |  | 202 |  |  | 914 |  |  | 14,386 |
Net provision for loan losses |  | (853 | ) |  | (1,021 | ) |  | (1,874 | ) |  | 12,154 |  |  | (1,187 | ) |  | 2,029 |  |  | 3,677 |  |  | 14,799 |
Ending balance - allowance for loan losses | $ | 104,358 |  | $ | 39,278 |  | $ | 143,636 |  | $ | 77,877 |  | $ | 25,838 |  | $ | 41,158 |  | $ | 25,217 |  | $ | 313,726 |
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 5,507 |  | $ | 327 |  | $ | 5,834 |  | $ | 1,344 |  | $ | 20,019 |  | $ | 30 |  | $ | 1,667 |  | $ | 28,894 |
Provision for losses on unfunded commitments |  | 192 |  |  | (40 | ) |  | 152 |  |  | (352 | ) |  | (1,615 | ) |  | (8 | ) |  | (8 | ) |  | (1,831 | )
Ending balance - reserve for unfunded lending commitments |  | 5,699 |  |  | 287 |  |  | 5,986 |  |  | 992 |  |  | 18,404 |  |  | 22 |  |  | 1,659 |  |  | 27,063 |
Total allowance for credit losses | $ | 110,057 |  | $ | 39,565 |  | $ | 149,622 |  | $ | 78,869 |  | $ | 44,242 |  | $ | 41,180 |  | $ | 26,876 |  | $ | 340,789 |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Collectively evaluated |  | 104,358 |  |  | 39,278 |  |  | 143,636 |  |  | 77,877 |  |  | 25,838 |  |  | 41,158 |  |  | 25,217 |  |  | 313,726 |
Allowance for loan losses | $ | 104,358 |  | $ | 39,278 |  | $ | 143,636 |  | $ | 77,877 |  | $ | 25,838 |  | $ | 41,158 |  | $ | 25,217 |  | $ | 313,726 |
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Collectively evaluated |  | 5,699 |  |  | 287 |  |  | 5,986 |  |  | 992 |  |  | 18,404 |  |  | 22 |  |  | 1,659 |  |  | 27,063 |
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments: | $ | 5,699 |  | $ | 287 |  | $ | 5,986 |  | $ | 992 |  | $ | 18,404 |  | $ | 22 |  | $ | 1,659 |  | $ | 27,063 |
Total allowance for credit losses | $ | 110,057 |  | $ | 39,565 |  | $ | 149,622 |  | $ | 78,869 |  | $ | 44,242 |  | $ | 41,180 |  | $ | 26,876 |  | $ | 340,789 |
Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated | $ | 11,255 |  | $ | 739 |  | $ | 11,994 |  | $ | 23,436 |  | $ | 928 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 818 |  | $ | 37,176 |
Collectively evaluated |  | 9,915,078 |  |  | 3,079,453 |  |  | 12,994,531 |  |  | 4,019,361 |  |  | 1,540,845 |  |  | 3,983,321 |  |  | 1,395,704 |  |  | 23,933,762 |
Total loans | $ | 9,926,333 |  | $ | 3,080,192 |  | $ | 13,006,525 |  | $ | 4,042,797 |  | $ | 1,541,773 |  | $ | 3,983,321 |  | $ | 1,396,522 |  | $ | 23,970,938 |
The Company utilized the February 2024 Moody’s forecasts in the computation of the March 31, 2024 allowance for credit losses, which was the most current available at that time. The Company incorporated certain qualitative factors in the computation of the allowance for credit loss to account for factors not captured in the Moody’s macroeconomic forecast. The Moody's forecasts are anchored on a baseline economic forecast, which Moody’s defines as the “most likely outcome” based on current conditions and its view of where the economy is headed. The baseline scenario is positioned at the 50th percentile of possible outcomes. Several upside and downside alternative scenarios are also derived from that baseline scenario and considered when assessing reasonably possible outcomes. In arriving at the allowance for credit losses at March 31, 2024, the Company weighted Moody’s February 2024 baseline economic forecast at 40% and downside mild recessionary S-2 scenario at 60%. The February 2024 baseline scenario maintains a generally optimistic outlook in its assumptions surrounding the drivers of economic growth, including its expectations of the effectiveness of the Federal Reserve's monetary policy in easing inflationary conditions without precipitating a recession. The S-2 scenario is less optimistic compared to the baseline, with the assumed combination of risk of a federal shutdown, rising political tensions, continuing elevated inflation, and reduced credit availability leading to a forecasted mild recession beginning in the second quarter of 2024 and lasting for three quarters. The modest increase in the allowance for loan losses at March 31, 2024 compared to December 31, 2023, reflects a relatively consistent credit loss outlook and continued focus on risks that impact certain segments within the Company’s loan portfolio. The decline in the reserve for unfunded commitments compared to December 31, 2023 was largely volume driven.
|  |  | Commercial |  | Total |  | Commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Commercial |  | real estate- |  | commercial |  | real estate- |  | Construction |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| non-real |  | owner |  | and |  | income |  | and land |  | Residential |  |  |  |  |
($ in thousands) | estate |  | occupied |  | industrial |  | producing |  | development |  | mortgages |  | Consumer |  | Total |
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 |
Allowance for credit losses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 96,461 |  | $ | 48,284 |  | $ | 144,745 |  | $ | 71,961 |  | $ | 30,498 |  | $ | 32,464 |  | $ | 28,121 |  | $ | 307,789 |
Charge-offs |  | (4,528 | ) |  | — |  |  | (4,528 | ) |  | — |  |  | (61 | ) |  | (20 | ) |  | (3,363 | ) |  | (7,972 | )
Recoveries |  | 1,033 |  |  | 195 |  |  | 1,228 |  |  | — |  |  | 6 |  |  | 181 |  |  | 838 |  |  | 2,253 |
Net provision for loan losses |  | (320 | ) |  | (813 | ) |  | (1,133 | ) |  | 4,231 |  |  | 459 |  |  | 1,916 |  |  | 1,842 |  |  | 7,315 |
Ending balance - allowance for loan losses | $ | 92,646 |  | $ | 47,666 |  | $ | 140,312 |  | $ | 76,192 |  | $ | 30,902 |  | $ | 34,541 |  | $ | 27,438 |  | $ | 309,385 |
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 4,984 |  | $ | 302 |  | $ | 5,286 |  | $ | 1,395 |  | $ | 25,110 |  | $ | 31 |  | $ | 1,487 |  | $ | 33,309 |
Provision for losses on unfunded commitments |  | (191 | ) |  | 22 |  |  | (169 | ) |  | 493 |  |  | (1,487 | ) |  | (14 | ) |  | (118 | ) |  | (1,295 | )
Ending balance - reserve for unfunded lending commitments |  | 4,793 |  |  | 324 |  |  | 5,117 |  |  | 1,888 |  |  | 23,623 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 1,369 |  |  | 32,014 |
Total allowance for credit losses | $ | 97,439 |  | $ | 47,990 |  | $ | 145,429 |  | $ | 78,080 |  | $ | 54,525 |  | $ | 34,558 |  | $ | 28,807 |  | $ | 341,399 |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Collectively evaluated |  | 92,646 |  |  | 47,666 |  |  | 140,312 |  |  | 76,192 |  |  | 30,902 |  |  | 34,541 |  |  | 27,438 |  |  | 309,385 |
Allowance for loan losses | $ | 92,646 |  | $ | 47,666 |  | $ | 140,312 |  | $ | 76,192 |  | $ | 30,902 |  | $ | 34,541 |  | $ | 27,438 |  | $ | 309,385 |
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Collectively evaluated |  | 4,793 |  |  | 324 |  |  | 5,117 |  |  | 1,888 |  |  | 23,623 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 1,369 |  |  | 32,014 |
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments: | $ | 4,793 |  | $ | 324 |  | $ | 5,117 |  | $ | 1,888 |  | $ | 23,623 |  | $ | 17 |  | $ | 1,369 |  | $ | 32,014 |
Total allowance for credit losses | $ | 97,439 |  | $ | 47,990 |  | $ | 145,429 |  | $ | 78,080 |  | $ | 54,525 |  | $ | 34,558 |  | $ | 28,807 |  | $ | 341,399 |
Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated | $ | 10,273 |  | $ | 684 |  | $ | 10,957 |  | $ | 1,120 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 1,135 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 13,212 |
Collectively evaluated |  | 10,003,209 |  |  | 3,050,064 |  |  | 13,053,273 |  |  | 3,757,335 |  |  | 1,726,916 |  |  | 3,328,658 |  |  | 1,525,129 |  |  | 23,391,311 |
Total loans | $ | 10,013,482 |  | $ | 3,050,748 |  | $ | 13,064,230 |  | $ | 3,758,455 |  | $ | 1,726,916 |  | $ | 3,329,793 |  | $ | 1,525,129 |  | $ | 23,404,523 |
The allowance for credit loss for the three months ended March 31, 2023, was up slightly when compared to December 31, 2022, with modest increases in the Commercial Real Estate Income Producing and Residential Mortgage portfolios that were largely offset by declines across the remaining portfolios. Positive economic indicators of growth within the Company's footprint, relatively stable asset quality metrics and modest credit losses in recent periods led to relatively flat reserves for the quarter. In arriving at the allowance for credit losses at March 31, 2023, the Company weighted the baseline economic forecast at 40%, the downside S-2 mild recession scenario at 50%, and the S-3 more severe recession scenario at 10%. Nonaccrual loans and certain reportable modified loan disclosures The following table shows the composition of nonaccrual loans and those without an allowance for loan loss, by portfolio class.
| March 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023 |
($ in thousands) | Total nonaccrual |  | Nonaccrual without allowance for loan loss |  | Total nonaccrual |  | Nonaccrual without allowance for loan loss |
Commercial non-real estate | $ | 17,487 |  | $ | 11,255 |  | $ | 20,840 |  | $ | 13,637 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 2,197 |  |  | 739 |  |  | 2,228 |  |  | — |
Total commercial and industrial |  | 19,684 |  |  | 11,994 |  |  | 23,068 |  |  | 13,637 |
Commercial real estate - income producing |  | 24,066 |  |  | 23,436 |  |  | 461 |  |  | — |
Construction and land development |  | 2,228 |  |  | 928 |  |  | 815 |  |  | — |
Residential mortgages |  | 25,924 |  |  | — |  |  | 26,137 |  |  | — |
Consumer |  | 10,180 |  |  | 818 |  |  | 8,555 |  |  | — |
Total loans | $ | 82,082 |  | $ | 37,176 |  | $ | 59,036 |  | $ | 13,637 |
As a part of our loss mitigation efforts, we may provide modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to improve long-term collectability of the loans and to avoid the need for repossession or foreclosure of collateral. Nonaccrual loans include reportable nonaccruing modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty (“MEFDs”) totaling $0.2 million and $0.1 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Total reportable MEFDs, both accruing and nonaccruing, were $37.6 million and $24.5 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The Company had unfunded commitments to borrowers whose loan terms have been modified as a reportable MEFD totaling $10.8 million and $0.7 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The tables below provide detail by portfolio class for reportable MEFDs entered into during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. Modified facilities are reflected only once in each table based on the type of modification or combination of modification.
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 |
|  | Term extension |  |  | Significant payment delay |  |  | Term extensions and significant payment delay |
($ in thousands) |  | Balance |  | Percentage of portfolio |  |  | Balance |  | Percentage of portfolio |  |  | Balance |  | Percentage of portfolio |
Commercial non-real estate |  | $ | 17,846 |  |  | 0.18 | % |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 5,275 |  |  | 0.05 | %
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total commercial and industrial |  |  | 17,846 |  |  | 0.14 | % |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,275 |  |  | 0.04 | %
Commercial real estate - income producing |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,573 |  |  | 0.04 | % |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction and land development |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential mortgages |  |  | 1,893 |  |  | 0.05 | % |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer |  |  | 113 |  |  | 0.01 | % |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total reportable modified loans |  | $ | 19,852 |  |  | 0.08 | % |  | $ | 1,573 |  |  | 0.01 | % |  | $ | 5,275 |  |  | 0.02 | %
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 |
|  | Term extension |  |  | Significant payment delay |  |  | Term extensions and significant payment delay |
($ in thousands) |  | Balance |  | Percentage of portfolio |  |  | Balance |  | Percentage of portfolio |  |  | Balance |  | Percentage of portfolio |
Commercial non-real estate |  | $ | 934 |  |  | 0.01 | % |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  |  | 684 |  |  | 0.02 | % |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total commercial and industrial |  |  | 1,618 |  |  | 0.01 | % |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate - income producing |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction and land development |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential mortgages |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total reportable modified loans |  | $ | 1,618 |  |  | 0.01 | % |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |
Reportable modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended March 31, 2024 consisted of weighted average term extensions totaling approximately eight months for commercial loans, eight years for residential mortgage loans and four years for consumer loans. The weighted average term of other than insignificant payment delays during the three months ended March 31, 2024 was four months for commercial loans. Reportable modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended March 31, 2023 consisted of weighted average term extensions totaling one month for commercial loans. Reported term extensions and payment delays are considered more than insignificant if they exceeded six months when considering other modifications made in the past twelve months The tables below present the aging analysis of reportable modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty by portfolio class at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
March 31, 2024 | 30-59 days past due |  | 60-89 days past due |  | Greater than 90 days past due |  | Total past due |  | Current |  | Total reportable modified Loans |
(in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial non-real estate | $ | — |  | $ | 5,791 |  | $ | 178 |  | $ | 5,969 |  | $ | 25,473 |  | $ | 31,442 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | — |  |  | 955 |  |  | — |  |  | 955 |  |  | 806 |  |  | 1,761 |
Total commercial and industrial |  | — |  |  | 6,746 |  |  | 178 |  |  | 6,924 |  |  | 26,279 |  |  | 33,203 |
Commercial real estate - income producing |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,573 |  |  | 1,573 |
Construction and land development |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 84 |  |  | 84 |
Residential mortgages |  | 222 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 222 |  |  | 2,125 |  |  | 2,347 |
Consumer |  | 197 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 197 |  |  | 188 |  |  | 385 |
Total reportable modified loans | $ | 419 |  | $ | 6,746 |  | $ | 178 |  | $ | 7,343 |  | $ | 30,249 |  | $ | 37,592 |
December 31, 2023 | 30-59 days past due |  | 60-89 days past due |  | Greater than 90 days past due |  | Total past due |  | Current |  | Total reportable modified Loans |
(in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial non-real estate | $ | 3,149 |  | $ | 233 |  | $ | 4,430 |  | $ | 7,812 |  | $ | 14,145 |  | $ | 21,957 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,774 |  |  | 1,774 |
Total commercial and industrial |  | 3,149 |  |  | 233 |  |  | 4,430 |  |  | 7,812 |  |  | 15,919 |  |  | 23,731 |
Commercial real estate - income producing |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Construction and land development |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 85 |  |  | 85 |
Residential mortgages |  | 66 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 66 |  |  | 390 |  |  | 456 |
Consumer |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 274 |  |  | 274 |
Total reportable modified loans | $ | 3,215 |  | $ | 233 |  | $ | 4,430 |  | $ | 7,878 |  | $ | 16,668 |  | $ | 24,546 |
There were three commercial non-real estate loans totaling $3.2 million with a reportable term extension modification that had a post modification payment default during the three month period ended March 31, 2024. There were no post modification payment defaults within the three month period ended March 31, 2023. A payment default occurs if the loan is either 90 days or more delinquent or has been charged off as of the end of the period presented. Aging Analysis The tables below present the aging analysis of past due loans by portfolio class at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
March 31, 2024 | 30-59 days past due |  | 60-89 days past due |  | Greater than 90 days past due |  | Total past due |  | Current |  | Total Loans |  | Recorded investment > 90 days and still accruing |
($ in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial non-real estate | $ | 7,152 |  | $ | 8,450 |  | $ | 13,837 |  | $ | 29,439 |  | $ | 9,896,894 |  | $ | 9,926,333 |  | $ | 1,863 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 1,751 |  |  | 1,979 |  |  | 2,608 |  |  | 6,338 |  |  | 3,073,854 |  |  | 3,080,192 |  |  | 421 |
Total commercial and industrial |  | 8,903 |  |  | 10,429 |  |  | 16,445 |  |  | 35,777 |  |  | 12,970,748 |  |  | 13,006,525 |  |  | 2,284 |
Commercial real estate - income producing |  | 204 |  |  | 23,436 |  |  | 3,701 |  |  | 27,341 |  |  | 4,015,456 |  |  | 4,042,797 |  |  | 3,128 |
Construction and land development |  | 851 |  |  | 147 |  |  | 2,285 |  |  | 3,283 |  |  | 1,538,490 |  |  | 1,541,773 |  |  | 381 |
Residential mortgages |  | 49,842 |  |  | 2,763 |  |  | 19,549 |  |  | 72,154 |  |  | 3,911,167 |  |  | 3,983,321 |  |  | 125 |
Consumer |  | 10,290 |  |  | 7,639 |  |  | 6,008 |  |  | 23,937 |  |  | 1,372,585 |  |  | 1,396,522 |  |  | 2,020 |
Total | $ | 70,090 |  | $ | 44,414 |  | $ | 47,988 |  | $ | 162,492 |  | $ | 23,808,446 |  | $ | 23,970,938 |  | $ | 7,938 |
December 31, 2023 | 30-59 days past due |  | 60-89 days past due |  | Greater than 90 days past due |  | Total past due |  | Current |  | Total Loans |  | Recorded investment > 90 days and still accruing |
($ in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial non-real estate | $ | 12,311 |  | $ | 4,381 |  | $ | 21,132 |  | $ | 37,824 |  | $ | 9,919,460 |  | $ | 9,957,284 |  | $ | 5,782 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 1,614 |  |  | 1,596 |  |  | 1,715 |  |  | 4,925 |  |  | 3,088,838 |  |  | 3,093,763 |  |  | 431 |
Total commercial and industrial |  | 13,925 |  |  | 5,977 |  |  | 22,847 |  |  | 42,749 |  |  | 13,008,298 |  |  | 13,051,047 |  |  | 6,213 |
Commercial real estate - income producing |  | 3,938 |  |  | 606 |  |  | 408 |  |  | 4,952 |  |  | 3,981,991 |  |  | 3,986,943 |  |  | — |
Construction and land development |  | 1,655 |  |  | 1,220 |  |  | 1,208 |  |  | 4,083 |  |  | 1,547,008 |  |  | 1,551,091 |  |  | 742 |
Residential mortgages |  | 40,189 |  |  | 9,121 |  |  | 18,960 |  |  | 68,270 |  |  | 3,817,802 |  |  | 3,886,072 |  |  | 172 |
Consumer |  | 11,059 |  |  | 5,957 |  |  | 6,611 |  |  | 23,627 |  |  | 1,423,137 |  |  | 1,446,764 |  |  | 2,482 |
Total | $ | 70,766 |  | $ | 22,881 |  | $ | 50,034 |  | $ | 143,681 |  | $ | 23,778,236 |  | $ | 23,921,917 |  | $ | 9,609 |
Credit Quality Indicators The following tables present the credit quality indicators by segment and portfolio class of loans at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The Company routinely assesses the ratings of loans in its portfolio through an established and comprehensive portfolio management process.
|  | March 31, 2024 |
($ in thousands) |  | Commercial non-real estate |  |  | Commercial real estate - owner- occupied |  |  | Total commercial and industrial |  |  | Commercial real estate - income producing |  |  | Construction and land development |  |  | Total commercial |
Grade: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 9,407,861 |  |  | $ | 2,988,192 |  |  | $ | 12,396,053 |  |  | $ | 3,862,625 |  |  | $ | 1,521,518 |  |  | $ | 17,780,196 |
Pass-Watch |  |  | 255,418 |  |  |  | 63,335 |  |  |  | 318,753 |  |  |  | 134,248 |  |  |  | 18,027 |  |  |  | 471,028 |
Special Mention |  |  | 25,058 |  |  |  | 17,667 |  |  |  | 42,725 |  |  |  | 6,714 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 49,439 |
Substandard |  |  | 237,996 |  |  |  | 10,998 |  |  |  | 248,994 |  |  |  | 39,210 |  |  |  | 2,228 |  |  |  | 290,432 |
Doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 9,926,333 |  |  | $ | 3,080,192 |  |  | $ | 13,006,525 |  |  | $ | 4,042,797 |  |  | $ | 1,541,773 |  |  | $ | 18,591,095 |
|  | December 31, 2023 |
($ in thousands) |  | Commercial non-real estate |  |  | Commercial real estate - owner- occupied |  |  | Total commercial and industrial |  |  | Commercial real estate - income producing |  |  | Construction and land development |  |  | Total commercial |
Grade: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 9,524,018 |  |  | $ | 3,016,277 |  |  | $ | 12,540,295 |  |  | $ | 3,799,004 |  |  | $ | 1,542,460 |  |  | $ | 17,881,759 |
Pass-Watch |  |  | 234,211 |  |  |  | 52,027 |  |  |  | 286,238 |  |  |  | 139,932 |  |  |  | 7,460 |  |  |  | 433,630 |
Special Mention |  |  | 11,486 |  |  |  | 6,647 |  |  |  | 18,133 |  |  |  | 40,826 |  |  |  | 356 |  |  |  | 59,315 |
Substandard |  |  | 187,569 |  |  |  | 18,812 |  |  |  | 206,381 |  |  |  | 7,181 |  |  |  | 815 |  |  |  | 214,377 |
Doubtful |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 9,957,284 |  |  | $ | 3,093,763 |  |  | $ | 13,051,047 |  |  | $ | 3,986,943 |  |  | $ | 1,551,091 |  |  | $ | 18,589,081 |
|  | March 31, 2024 |  |  | December 31, 2023 |
($ in thousands) |  | Residential mortgage |  |  | Consumer |  |  | Total |  |  | Residential mortgage |  |  | Consumer |  |  | Total |
Performing |  | $ | 3,957,398 |  |  | $ | 1,386,342 |  |  | $ | 5,343,740 |  |  | $ | 3,859,935 |  |  | $ | 1,438,209 |  |  | $ | 5,298,144 |
Nonperforming |  |  | 25,923 |  |  |  | 10,180 |  |  |  | 36,103 |  |  |  | 26,137 |  |  |  | 8,555 |  |  |  | 34,692 |
Total |  | $ | 3,983,321 |  |  | $ | 1,396,522 |  |  | $ | 5,379,843 |  |  | $ | 3,886,072 |  |  | $ | 1,446,764 |  |  | $ | 5,332,836 |
Below are the definitions of the Company’s internally assigned grades: Commercial: • Pass – loans properly approved, documented, collateralized, and performing which do not reflect an abnormal credit risk. • Pass-Watch – credits in this category are of sufficient risk to cause concern. This category is reserved for credits that display negative performance trends. The “Watch” grade should be regarded as a transition category. • Special Mention – a criticized asset category defined as having potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may, at some future date, result in the deterioration of the repayment prospects for the credit or the institution’s credit position. Special mention credits are not considered part of the classified credit categories and do not expose the institution to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. • Substandard – an asset that is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. • Doubtful – an asset that has all the weaknesses inherent in one classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. • Loss – credits classified as loss are considered uncollectable and are charged off promptly once so classified. Residential and Consumer: • Performing – accruing loans. • Nonperforming – loans for which there are good reasons to doubt that payments will be made in full. Nonperforming loans include all loans with nonaccrual status. Vintage Analysis The following tables present credit quality disclosures of amortized cost by class and vintage for term loans and by revolving and revolving converted to amortizing at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The Company defines vintage as the later of origination, renewal or modification date. The gross charge-offs presented in the tables that follow are for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023.
| Term Loans |  |  |  | Revolving Loans |  |  |
March 31, 2024 | Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year |  | Revolving |  | Converted to |  |  |
($ in thousands) | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | Prior |  | Loans |  | Term Loans |  | Total |
Commercial Non-Real Estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 356,133 |  | $ | 1,456,018 |  | $ | 1,709,790 |  | $ | 1,018,785 |  | $ | 426,293 |  | $ | 1,242,580 |  | $ | 3,154,253 |  | $ | 44,009 |  | $ | 9,407,861 |
Pass-Watch |  | 1,548 |  |  | 55,622 |  |  | 21,358 |  |  | 27,428 |  |  | 19,555 |  |  | 26,843 |  |  | 102,356 |  |  | 708 |  |  | 255,418 |
Special Mention |  | 11,035 |  |  | 2,640 |  |  | 499 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 124 |  |  | 806 |  |  | 9,800 |  |  | 143 |  |  | 25,058 |
Substandard |  | 6,540 |  |  | 35,643 |  |  | 79,983 |  |  | 18,194 |  |  | 7,984 |  |  | 3,308 |  |  | 80,505 |  |  | 5,839 |  |  | 237,996 |
Doubtful |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 375,256 |  | $ | 1,549,923 |  | $ | 1,811,630 |  | $ | 1,064,418 |  | $ | 453,956 |  | $ | 1,273,537 |  | $ | 3,346,914 |  | $ | 50,699 |  | $ | 9,926,333 |
Gross Charge-offs | $ | — |  | $ | 3,907 |  | $ | 850 |  | $ | 106 |  | $ | 51 |  | $ | 1,483 |  | $ | 2,323 |  | $ | 910 |  | $ | 9,630 |
Commercial Real Estate - Owner Occupied: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 60,032 |  | $ | 368,653 |  | $ | 676,512 |  | $ | 605,118 |  | $ | 492,383 |  | $ | 744,599 |  | $ | 40,598 |  | $ | 297 |  | $ | 2,988,192 |
Pass-Watch |  | — |  |  | 2,978 |  |  | 24,790 |  |  | 9,816 |  |  | 5,317 |  |  | 19,747 |  |  | 687 |  |  | — |  |  | 63,335 |
Special Mention |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 187 |  |  | — |  |  | 17,330 |  |  | 150 |  |  | — |  |  | 17,667 |
Substandard |  | — |  |  | 958 |  |  | 4,660 |  |  | 1,588 |  |  | 1,363 |  |  | 2,136 |  |  | 293 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,998 |
Doubtful |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 60,032 |  | $ | 372,589 |  | $ | 705,962 |  | $ | 616,709 |  | $ | 499,063 |  | $ | 783,812 |  | $ | 41,728 |  | $ | 297 |  | $ | 3,080,192 |
Gross Charge-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Commercial Real Estate - Income Producing: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 54,025 |  | $ | 504,820 |  | $ | 937,290 |  | $ | 1,017,973 |  | $ | 625,603 |  | $ | 653,818 |  | $ | 64,938 |  | $ | 4,158 |  | $ | 3,862,625 |
Pass-Watch |  | 13,301 |  |  | 6,622 |  |  | 4,047 |  |  | 4,163 |  |  | 70,889 |  |  | 33,226 |  |  | 2,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 134,248 |
Special Mention |  | — |  |  | 448 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,266 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,714 |
Substandard |  | — |  |  | 4,086 |  |  | 34,278 |  |  | 286 |  |  | — |  |  | 560 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 39,210 |
Doubtful |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 67,326 |  | $ | 515,976 |  | $ | 975,615 |  | $ | 1,022,422 |  | $ | 696,492 |  | $ | 693,870 |  | $ | 66,938 |  | $ | 4,158 |  | $ | 4,042,797 |
Gross Charge-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 8,819 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 8,819 |
Construction and Land Development: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 70,758 |  | $ | 418,296 |  | $ | 635,714 |  | $ | 176,967 |  | $ | 36,935 |  | $ | 21,652 |  | $ | 156,207 |  | $ | 4,989 |  | $ | 1,521,518 |
Pass-Watch |  | — |  |  | 1,385 |  |  | 11,727 |  |  | 4,416 |  |  | 64 |  |  | 230 |  |  | 205 |  |  | — |  |  | 18,027 |
Special Mention |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Substandard |  | — |  |  | 433 |  |  | 1,073 |  |  | 97 |  |  | 43 |  |  | 286 |  |  | 296 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,228 |
Doubtful |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 70,758 |  | $ | 420,114 |  | $ | 648,514 |  | $ | 181,480 |  | $ | 37,042 |  | $ | 22,168 |  | $ | 156,708 |  | $ | 4,989 |  | $ | 1,541,773 |
Gross Charge-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 75 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 75 |
Residential Mortgage: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Performing | $ | 67,697 |  | $ | 414,407 |  | $ | 1,012,153 |  | $ | 946,874 |  | $ | 479,252 |  | $ | 1,033,398 |  | $ | 3,617 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 3,957,398 |
Nonperforming |  | — |  |  | 911 |  |  | 2,941 |  |  | 4,277 |  |  | 286 |  |  | 17,508 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 25,923 |
Total | $ | 67,697 |  | $ | 415,318 |  | $ | 1,015,094 |  | $ | 951,151 |  | $ | 479,538 |  | $ | 1,050,906 |  | $ | 3,617 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 3,983,321 |
Gross Charge-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 54 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 56 |
Consumer Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Performing | $ | 27,375 |  | $ | 56,206 |  | $ | 53,824 |  | $ | 32,622 |  | $ | 24,841 |  | $ | 71,041 |  | $ | 1,111,067 |  | $ | 9,366 |  | $ | 1,386,342 |
Nonperforming |  | 20 |  |  | 92 |  |  | 712 |  |  | 899 |  |  | 863 |  |  | 5,118 |  |  | 250 |  |  | 2,226 |  |  | 10,180 |
Total | $ | 27,395 |  | $ | 56,298 |  | $ | 54,536 |  | $ | 33,521 |  | $ | 25,704 |  | $ | 76,159 |  | $ | 1,111,317 |  | $ | 11,592 |  | $ | 1,396,522 |
Gross Charge-offs | $ | — |  | $ | 635 |  | $ | 832 |  | $ | 404 |  | $ | 49 |  | $ | 315 |  | $ | 2,040 |  | $ | 511 |  | $ | 4,786 |
| Term Loans |  |  |  | Revolving Loans |  |  |
December 31, 2023 | Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year |  | Revolving |  | Converted to |  |  |
($ in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | Prior |  | Loans |  | Term Loans |  | Total |
Commercial Non-Real Estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 1,557,202 |  | $ | 1,812,370 |  | $ | 1,106,433 |  | $ | 483,739 |  | $ | 398,626 |  | $ | 923,143 |  | $ | 3,186,189 |  | $ | 56,316 |  | $ | 9,524,018 |
Pass-Watch |  | 30,360 |  |  | 60,228 |  |  | 20,730 |  |  | 8,245 |  |  | 4,988 |  |  | 9,117 |  |  | 94,252 |  |  | 6,291 |  |  | 234,211 |
Special Mention |  | 411 |  |  | 6,206 |  |  | 936 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 836 |  |  | 2,620 |  |  | 424 |  |  | 11,486 |
Substandard |  | 48,264 |  |  | 48,178 |  |  | 18,882 |  |  | 8,058 |  |  | 3,079 |  |  | 1,660 |  |  | 54,453 |  |  | 4,995 |  |  | 187,569 |
Doubtful |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 1,636,237 |  | $ | 1,926,982 |  | $ | 1,146,981 |  | $ | 500,069 |  | $ | 406,719 |  | $ | 934,756 |  | $ | 3,337,514 |  | $ | 68,026 |  | $ | 9,957,284 |
Gross Charge-offs | $ | 7,885 |  | $ | 1,179 |  | $ | 1,484 |  | $ | 27,000 |  | $ | 81 |  | $ | 1,750 |  | $ | 11,971 |  | $ | 8,480 |  | $ | 59,830 |
Commercial Real Estate - Owner Occupied: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 374,466 |  | $ | 689,626 |  | $ | 620,272 |  | $ | 501,054 |  | $ | 284,032 |  | $ | 493,707 |  | $ | 40,533 |  | $ | 12,587 |  | $ | 3,016,277 |
Pass-Watch |  | 2,574 |  |  | 9,587 |  |  | 9,654 |  |  | 3,451 |  |  | 8,791 |  |  | 17,581 |  |  | 389 |  |  | — |  |  | 52,027 |
Special Mention |  | 837 |  |  | — |  |  | 617 |  |  | — |  |  | 110 |  |  | 5,083 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,647 |
Substandard |  | 2,322 |  |  | 4,956 |  |  | 967 |  |  | 1,295 |  |  | 584 |  |  | 7,374 |  |  | 1,314 |  |  | — |  |  | 18,812 |
Doubtful |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 380,199 |  | $ | 704,169 |  | $ | 631,510 |  | $ | 505,800 |  | $ | 293,517 |  | $ | 523,745 |  | $ | 42,236 |  | $ | 12,587 |  | $ | 3,093,763 |
Gross Charge-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Commercial Real Estate - Income Producing: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 456,334 |  | $ | 953,501 |  | $ | 966,402 |  | $ | 618,003 |  | $ | 323,344 |  | $ | 367,010 |  | $ | 65,486 |  | $ | 48,924 |  | $ | 3,799,004 |
Pass-Watch |  | 9,469 |  |  | 3,064 |  |  | 3,886 |  |  | 75,182 |  |  | 23,827 |  |  | 22,504 |  |  | 2,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 139,932 |
Special Mention |  | 156 |  |  | 32,255 |  |  | — |  |  | 354 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,061 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 40,826 |
Substandard |  | 4,086 |  |  | 1,921 |  |  | 286 |  |  | — |  |  | 122 |  |  | 766 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,181 |
Doubtful |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 470,045 |  | $ | 990,741 |  | $ | 970,574 |  | $ | 693,539 |  | $ | 347,293 |  | $ | 398,341 |  | $ | 67,486 |  | $ | 48,924 |  | $ | 3,986,943 |
Gross Charge-offs | $ | 73 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 73 |
Construction and Land Development: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 388,453 |  | $ | 676,687 |  | $ | 248,036 |  | $ | 62,086 |  | $ | 6,008 |  | $ | 18,834 |  | $ | 139,587 |  | $ | 2,769 |  | $ | 1,542,460 |
Pass-Watch |  | 3,067 |  |  | 2,820 |  |  | 827 |  |  | 83 |  |  | 128 |  |  | 323 |  |  | 212 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,460 |
Special Mention |  | 294 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 62 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 356 |
Substandard |  | — |  |  | 87 |  |  | 96 |  |  | 49 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 279 |  |  | 295 |  |  | — |  |  | 815 |
Doubtful |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 391,814 |  | $ | 679,594 |  | $ | 248,959 |  | $ | 62,218 |  | $ | 6,207 |  | $ | 19,436 |  | $ | 140,094 |  | $ | 2,769 |  | $ | 1,551,091 |
Gross Charge-offs | $ | — |  | $ | 7 |  | $ | 54 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 11 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 72 |
Residential Mortgage: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Performing | $ | 439,024 |  | $ | 910,361 |  | $ | 950,400 |  | $ | 489,262 |  | $ | 176,041 |  | $ | 891,232 |  | $ | 3,615 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 3,859,935 |
Nonperforming |  | 561 |  |  | 2,233 |  |  | 3,260 |  |  | 730 |  |  | 2,366 |  |  | 16,987 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 26,137 |
Total | $ | 439,585 |  | $ | 912,594 |  | $ | 953,660 |  | $ | 489,992 |  | $ | 178,407 |  | $ | 908,219 |  | $ | 3,615 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 3,886,072 |
Gross Charge-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 55 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 55 |
Consumer Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Performing | $ | 75,615 |  | $ | 59,454 |  | $ | 36,693 |  | $ | 28,076 |  | $ | 31,802 |  | $ | 39,150 |  | $ | 1,144,401 |  | $ | 23,018 |  | $ | 1,438,209 |
Nonperforming |  | 176 |  |  | 237 |  |  | 245 |  |  | 438 |  |  | 445 |  |  | 2,528 |  |  | 369 |  |  | 4,117 |  |  | 8,555 |
Total | $ | 75,791 |  | $ | 59,691 |  | $ | 36,938 |  | $ | 28,514 |  | $ | 32,247 |  | $ | 41,678 |  | $ | 1,144,770 |  | $ | 27,135 |  | $ | 1,446,764 |
Gross Charge-offs | $ | 567 |  | $ | 2,388 |  | $ | 1,473 |  | $ | 215 |  | $ | 573 |  | $ | 824 |  | $ | 7,735 |  | $ | 1,618 |  | $ | 15,393 |
Residential Mortgage Loans in Process of Foreclosure Loans in process of foreclosure include those for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process according to local requirements of the applicable jurisdiction. Included in loans at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were $6.1 million and $7.1 million, respectively, of consumer loans secured by single family residential real estate that were in process of foreclosure. In addition to the single family residential real estate loans in process of foreclosure, the Company also held foreclosed single family residential properties in other real estate owned totaling $0.8 million at March 31, 2024 and $1.6 million at December 31, 2023. Loans Held for Sale Loans held for sale totaled $16.5 million and $26.1 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Loans held for sale is composed primarily of residential mortgage loans originated for sale in the secondary market. At March 31, 2024, residential mortgage loans carried at the fair value option totaled $15.2 million with an unpaid principal balance of $14.8 million. At December 31, 2023, residential mortgage loans carried at the fair value option totaled $13.3 million with an unpaid principal balance of $12.9 million. All other loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or market.

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