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FAIR VALUE MEASURES | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2025
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
FAIR VALUE MEASURES | NOTE 7 – FAIR VALUE MEASURES The fair value of an asset or liability is the current amount that would be exchanged between willing parties, other than in a forced liquidation. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. However, in many instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Company’s various assets and liabilities. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based on discounted cash flows or other valuation techniques. These techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the asset or liability. The accounting standard for disclosures about the fair value measures excludes certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments from its disclosure requirements. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented may not necessarily represent the underlying fair value of the Company. The Company's loans held for sale under the fair value option are comprised of the following:
(dollars in thousands) | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Mortgage loans held for sale | $ | 599,399 |  |  | $ | 528,599 |
SBA loans held for sale | 4,737 |  |  | — |
Total loans held for sale | $ | 604,136 |  |  | $ | 528,599 |
The Company has elected to record mortgage loans held for sale at fair value in order to eliminate the complexities and inherent difficulties of achieving hedge accounting and to better align reported results with the underlying economic changes in value of the loans and related hedge instruments. This election impacts the timing and recognition of origination fees and costs, as well as servicing value, which are now recognized in earnings at the time of origination. Interest income on mortgage loans held for sale is recorded on an accrual basis in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income under the heading interest income – interest and fees on loans. The servicing value is included in the fair value of the interest rate lock commitments (“IRLCs”) with borrowers. The mark to market adjustments related to mortgage loans held for sale and the associated economic hedges are captured in mortgage banking activities. Net gains of $2.2 million and $10.1 million resulting from changes in fair value of these mortgage loans were recorded in income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively. Net gains of $1.9 million and $4.4 million resulting from changes in fair value of these mortgage loans were recorded in income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. A net gain of $4.1 million and a net loss of $4.3 million resulting from changes in the fair value of the related derivative financial instruments used to hedge exposure to the market-related risks associated with these mortgage loans were recorded in income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively. A net loss of $2.2 million and a net gain of $5.2 million resulting from changes in the fair value of the related derivative financial instruments were recorded in income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The Company’s valuation of mortgage loans held for sale incorporates an assumption for credit risk; however, given the short-term period that the Company holds these loans, valuation adjustments attributable to instrument-specific credit risk is nominal. The following table summarizes the difference between the fair value and the principal balance for mortgage loans held for sale measured at fair value as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
(dollars in thousands) | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Aggregate fair value of mortgage loans held for sale | $ | 599,399 |  |  | $ | 528,599 |
Aggregate unpaid principal balance of mortgage loans held for sale | 585,799 |  |  | 525,071 |
Past-due loans of 90 days or more | 667 |  |  | — |
Nonaccrual loans | 667 |  |  | — |
Unpaid principal balance of nonaccrual loans | 647 |  |  | — |
The following table summarizes the difference between the fair value and the principal balance for SBA loans held for sale measured at fair value as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
(dollars in thousands) | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Aggregate fair value of SBA loans held for sale | $ | 4,737 |  |  | $ | — |
Aggregate unpaid principal balance | 4,408 |  |  | — |
The Company utilizes fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. Securities available-for-sale, loans held for sale under the fair value option and derivative financial instruments are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. From time to time, the Company may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as collateral-dependent loans, loan servicing rights and OREO. Additionally, the Company is required to disclose, but not record, the fair value of other financial instruments. The following table presents the fair value measurements of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
| Recurring Basis Fair Value Measurements
| September 30, 2025
(dollars in thousands) | Fair Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasuries | $ | 684,890 |  |  | $ | 684,890 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
State, county and municipal securities | 21,461 |  |  | — |  |  | 21,461 |  |  | — |
Corporate debt securities | 10,411 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,361 |  |  | 1,050 |
SBA pool securities | 12,912 |  |  | — |  |  | 12,912 |  |  | — |
Mortgage-backed securities | 1,401,997 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,401,997 |  |  | — |
Loans held for sale | 604,136 |  |  | — |  |  | 604,136 |  |  | — |
Derivative financial instruments | 7,133 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,133 |  |  | — |
Mortgage banking derivative instruments | 5,012 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,012 |  |  | — |
Total recurring assets at fair value | $ | 2,747,952 |  |  | $ | 684,890 |  |  | $ | 2,062,012 |  |  | $ | 1,050 |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative financial instruments | $ | 7,426 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7,426 |  |  | $ | — |
Risk participation agreement | 20 |  |  | — |  |  | 20 |  |  | — |
Mortgage banking derivative instruments | 1,980 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,980 |  |  | — |
Total recurring liabilities at fair value | $ | 9,426 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,426 |  |  | $ | — |
| Recurring Basis Fair Value Measurements
| December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) | Fair Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasuries | $ | 796,464 |  |  | $ | 796,464 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
U.S. government sponsored agencies | 994 |  |  | — |  |  | 994 |  |  | — |
State, county and municipal securities | 24,740 |  |  | — |  |  | 24,740 |  |  | — |
Corporate debt securities | 10,283 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,263 |  |  | 1,020 |
SBA pool securities | 70,482 |  |  | — |  |  | 70,482 |  |  | — |
Mortgage-backed securities | 768,297 |  |  | — |  |  | 768,297 |  |  | — |
Loans held for sale | 528,599 |  |  | — |  |  | 528,599 |  |  | — |
Derivative financial instruments | 8,717 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,717 |  |  | — |
Mortgage banking derivative instruments | 7,299 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,299 |  |  | — |
Total recurring assets at fair value | $ | 2,215,875 |  |  | $ | 796,464 |  |  | $ | 1,418,391 |  |  | $ | 1,020 |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative financial instruments | $ | 8,718 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8,718 |  |  | $ | — |
Risk participation agreement | 13 |  |  | — |  |  | 13 |  |  | — |
Total recurring liabilities at fair value | $ | 8,731 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8,731 |  |  | $ | — |
The following table presents the fair value measurements of assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
| Nonrecurring Basis Fair Value Measurements
(dollars in thousands) | Fair Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
September 30, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collateral-dependent loans | $ | 31,069 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 31,069 |
Other real estate owned | 1,325 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,325 |
Total nonrecurring assets at fair value | $ | 32,394 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 32,394 |
December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collateral-dependent loans | $ | 45,697 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 45,697 |
Other real estate owned | 1,010 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,010 |
Total nonrecurring assets at fair value | $ | 46,707 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 46,707 |
The inputs used to determine estimated fair value of collateral-dependent loans include market conditions, loan term, underlying collateral characteristics and discount rates. The inputs used to determine fair value of OREO include market conditions, estimated marketing period or holding period, underlying collateral characteristics and discount rates. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and the year ended December 31, 2024, there were no changes in the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate fair value. The following table shows significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of Level 3 assets:
(dollars in thousands) |  | Fair Value |  | Valuation Technique |  | Unobservable Inputs |  | Range of Discounts |  | Weighted Average Discount
September 30, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Recurring: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt securities available-for-sale |  | $ | 1,050 |  |  | Discounted cash flows |  | Probability of Default |  | 10.4% |  | 10.4%
Loss Given Default |  | 47% |  | 47%
Nonrecurring: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collateral-dependent loans |  | $ | 31,069 |  |  | Third-party appraisals and discounted cash flows |  | Collateral discounts and discount rates |  | 15% - 50% |  | 32%
Other real estate owned |  | $ | 1,325 |  |  | Third-party appraisals and sales contracts |  | Collateral discounts and estimated costs to sell |  | 15% - 22% |  | 16%
December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Recurring: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt securities available-for-sale |  | $ | 1,020 |  |  | Discounted cash flows |  | Probability of Default |  | 10.3% |  | 10.3%
|  |  | Loss Given Default |  | 45% |  | 45%
Nonrecurring: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collateral-dependent loans |  | $ | 45,697 |  |  | Third-party appraisals and discounted cash flows |  | Collateral discounts and discount rates |  | 15% - 60% |  | 30%
Other real estate owned |  | $ | 1,010 |  |  | Third-party appraisals and sales contracts |  | Collateral discounts and estimated costs to sell |  | 15% - 44% |  | 27%
The carrying amount and estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments, not shown elsewhere in these financial statements, were as follows:
|  |  | Fair Value Measurements
|  |  | September 30, 2025
(dollars in thousands) | Carrying Amount |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks | $ | 216,927 |  |  | $ | 216,927 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 216,927 |
Interest-bearing deposits in banks | 826,237 |  |  | 826,237 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 826,237 |
Debt securities held-to-maturity | 202,581 |  |  | — |  |  | 187,612 |  |  | — |  |  | 187,612 |
Loans, net | 20,882,011 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20,585,880 |  |  | 20,585,880 |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | 22,228,078 |  |  | — |  |  | 22,225,008 |  |  | — |  |  | 22,225,008 |
Other borrowings | 337,094 |  |  | — |  |  | 335,978 |  |  | — |  |  | 335,978 |
Subordinated deferrable interest debentures | 133,804 |  |  | — |  |  | 142,010 |  |  | — |  |  | 142,010 |
|  |  | Fair Value Measurements
|  |  | December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands) | Carrying Amount |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks | $ | 244,980 |  |  | $ | 244,980 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 244,980 |
Interest-bearing deposits in banks | 975,397 |  |  | 975,397 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 975,397 |
Debt securities held-to-maturity | 164,677 |  |  | — |  |  | 144,028 |  |  | — |  |  | 144,028 |
Loans, net | 20,356,125 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19,882,553 |  |  | 19,882,553 |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | 21,722,448 |  |  | — |  |  | 21,721,421 |  |  | — |  |  | 21,721,421 |
Other borrowings | 291,788 |  |  | — |  |  | 291,213 |  |  | — |  |  | 291,213 |
Subordinated deferrable interest debentures | 132,309 |  |  | — |  |  | 142,202 |  |  | — |  |  | 142,202 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (bbb)(1) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 107 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 100 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c)(3) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2E -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2E Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (f) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (e) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (d) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (g) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 940 -SubTopic 820 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478119/940-820-50-1 + Details
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