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Income Taxes (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation
The following table summarizes the difference between income tax (benefit) expense at the U.S. statutory rate of 21% and the income tax (benefit) expense at effective worldwide tax rates for the respective periods:


Three Months Ended March 31,
Millions of dollars

2019

2018
Earnings before income taxes

$
342


$
109






Income tax (benefit) expense computed at United States statutory tax rate

72


23

Valuation allowances

(235
)


U.S. foreign income items, net of credits

7


(11
)
Other

24


3

Income tax (benefit) expense computed at effective worldwide tax rates

$
(132
)

$
15