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INCOME TAXES (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation | The following table summarizes the difference between an income tax benefit and tax expense at the United States statutory rate of 21% in 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, and the income tax expense at effective worldwide tax rates for the respective periods:
Millions of dollars |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Earnings (loss) before income taxes |  |  |  |  |  |
United States |  | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | (158) |  |  | $ | 1,287 |
Foreign |  | 584 |  |  | (1,069) |  |  | 1,045 |
Earnings (loss) before income taxes |  | $ | 593 |  |  | $ | (1,227) |  |  | $ | 2,332 |
Income tax (benefit) expense computed at United States statutory rate |  | $ | 125 |  |  | $ | (258) |  |  | $ | 490 |
U.S. government tax incentives |  | (20) |  |  | (19) |  |  | (19) |
Foreign government tax incentives |  | (30) |  |  | (23) |  |  | (23) |
Foreign tax rate differential |  | 41 |  |  | (3) |  |  | 66 |
U.S. foreign tax credits |  | (43) |  |  | 11 |  |  | (29) |
Valuation allowances |  | 78 |  |  | 222 |  |  | 1 |
State and local taxes, net of federal tax benefit |  | (43) |  |  | (21) |  |  | 57 |
Foreign withholding taxes |  | 13 |  |  | 52 |  |  | 19 |
U.S. tax on foreign dividends and subpart F income |  | 36 |  |  | 22 |  |  | 9 |
Settlements and changes in unrecognized tax benefits |  | 43 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 100 |
Changes in enacted tax rates |  | 1 |  |  | (2) |  |  | (14) |
Nondeductible loss on sale and disposal of businesses |  | 5 |  |  | 421 |  |  | — |
Nondeductible fines and penalties |  | 18 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Nondeductible goodwill impairments |  | — |  |  | 59 |  |  | — |
Legal Entity Debt Restructuring |  | — |  |  | (159) |  |  | — |
Divestiture tax impact |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (35) |
Legal entity restructuring tax impact |  | (172) |  |  | — |  |  | (98) |
Other items, net |  | 25 |  |  | (40) |  |  | (6) |
Income tax computed at effective worldwide tax rates |  | $ | 77 |  |  | $ | 265 |  |  | $ | 518 |
Schedule of Components of Income Tax (Benefit) Provision | The following table summarizes our income tax (benefit) provision for 2023, 2022 and 2021:
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Millions of dollars | Current |  | Deferred |  | Current |  | Deferred |  | Current |  | Deferred
United States | $ | (27) |  |  | $ | (212) |  |  | $ | (40) |  |  | $ | 65 |  |  | $ | 132 |  |  | $ | 251 |
Foreign | 197 |  |  | 155 |  |  | 180 |  |  | 85 |  |  | 184 |  |  | (126) |
State and local | (3) |  |  | (33) |  |  | (9) |  |  | (16) |  |  | 80 |  |  | (3) |
| $ | 167 |  |  | $ | (90) |  |  | $ | 131 |  |  | $ | 134 |  |  | $ | 396 |  |  | $ | 122 |
Total income tax expense |  |  | $ | 77 |  |  |  |  | $ | 265 |  |  |  |  | $ | 518 |
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities | The following table summarizes the significant components of our deferred tax liabilities and assets at December 31, 2023 and 2022:
Millions of dollars |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Deferred tax liabilities |  |  |  |
Intangibles |  | $ | 429 |  |  | $ | 329 |
Property, net |  | 224 |  |  | 185 |
Right of use assets |  | 190 |  |  | 220 |
Inventory Reserves |  | (3) |  |  | 20 |
Other |  | 238 |  |  | 168 |
Total deferred tax liabilities |  | $ | 1,078 |  |  | $ | 922 |
Deferred tax assets |  |  |  |
U.S. general business credit carryforwards, including Energy Tax Credits |  | $ | 365 |  |  | $ | 421 |
Corporate Alternative Minimum Tax credits |  | 28 |  |  | — |
Lease liabilities |  | 200 |  |  | 231 |
Pensions |  | 64 |  |  | 40 |
Loss carryforwards |  | 1,388 |  |  | 1,300 |
Postretirement obligations |  | 29 |  |  | 30 |
Foreign tax credit carryforwards |  | 94 |  |  | 9 |
Research and development capitalization |  | 315 |  |  | 194 |
Employee payroll and benefits |  | 48 |  |  | 46 |
Accrued expenses |  | 52 |  |  | 52 |
Product warranty accrual |  | 49 |  |  | 48 |
Receivable and inventory allowances |  | 67 |  |  | 61 |
Other |  | 676 |  |  | 552 |
Total deferred tax assets |  | 3,375 |  |  | 2,984 |
Valuation allowances for deferred tax assets |  | (490) |  |  | (412) |
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowances |  | 2,885 |  |  | 2,572 |
Reclassification of net deferred tax assets to held for sale |  | (515) |  |  | (602) |
Net deferred tax assets |  | $ | 1,292 |  |  | $ | 1,048 |
Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits | The following table represents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits that if recognized would impact the effective tax rate, excluding federal benefits of state and local tax positions, and interest and penalties:
Millions of dollars |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Balance, January 1 |  | $ | 589 |  |  | $ | 580 |  |  | $ | 427 |
Additions for tax positions of the current year |  | 13 |  |  | 24 |  |  | 17 |
Additions for tax positions of prior years |  | 22 |  |  | 32 |  |  | 179 |
Reductions for tax positions of prior years |  | (56) |  |  | (45) |  |  | (34) |
Settlements during the period (1) |  | (188) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (7) |
Lapses of applicable statute of limitation |  | — |  |  | (1) |  |  | (2) |
Balance, December 31 |  | $ | 380 |  |  | $ | 589 |  |  | $ | 580 |
(1) During the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company resolved a number of disputed tax positions with the U.S. and other tax authorities. The Company had previously recorded reserves for the risk associated with these tax positions, and the settlement of these matters resulted in a reduction in the Company's unrecognized tax benefits, which is shown in the table above.

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