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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands | Total | Common Stock | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Retained Earnings | Noncontrolling Interest
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2016 |  | 65,223,000 |  |  |
Beginning Balance at Sep. 30, 2016 | $ 753,140 | $ 461,679 | $ (36,169) | $ 323,571 | $ 4,059
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity |  |  |  |  |
Net income | 212,182 |  |  | 209,426 | 2,756
Foreign currency translation | 8,549 |  | 8,549 |  |
Interest rate hedge, net of income taxes | 1 |  | 1 |  |
Cash dividends | (12,806) |  |  | (11,674) | (1,132)
Dividends on RSUs | $ 0 | $ 348 |  | (348) |
Purchase of MAXIMUS common stock (in shares) | (600,000) | (558,000) |  |  |
Purchases of MAXIMUS common stock | $ (28,863) |  |  | (28,863) |
Stock compensation expense | 21,365 | $ 21,365 |  |  |
Tax withholding relating to RSU vesting | (8,724) | $ (8,724) |  |  |
Stock options exercises and RSUs vesting (in shares) |  | 472,000 |  |  |
Stock options exercises and RSUs vesting | 924 | $ 924 |  |  |
Ending Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2017 |  | 65,137,000 |  |  |
Ending Balance at Sep. 30, 2017 | 945,768 | $ 475,592 | (27,619) | 492,112 | 5,683
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity |  |  |  |  |
Net income | 220,816 |  |  | 220,751 | 65
Foreign currency translation | (9,334) |  | (9,334) |  |
Interest rate hedge, net of income taxes | 0 |  |  |  |
Cash dividends | (14,607) |  |  | (11,692) | (2,915)
Dividends on RSUs | $ 0 | $ 318 |  | (318) |
Purchase of MAXIMUS common stock (in shares) | (1,100,000) | (1,088,000) |  |  |
Purchases of MAXIMUS common stock | $ (67,572) |  |  | (67,572) |
Stock compensation expense | 20,238 | $ 20,238 |  |  |
Tax withholding relating to RSU vesting | (8,733) | $ (8,733) |  |  |
Stock options exercises and RSUs vesting (in shares) |  | 322,000 |  |  |
Stock options exercises and RSUs vesting | 0 | $ 0 |  |  |
Acquisition of noncontrolling interests | $ (157) | $ 124 |  |  | (281)
Ending Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2018 | 64,371,000 | 64,371,000 |  |  |
Ending Balance at Sep. 30, 2018 | $ 1,086,419 | $ 487,539 | (36,953) | 633,281 | 2,552
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity |  |  |  |  |
Net income | 240,495 |  |  | 240,824 | (329)
Foreign currency translation | (8,427) |  | (8,427) |  |
Cash dividends | (66,472) |  |  | (63,887) | (2,585)
Dividends on RSUs | $ 0 | $ 1,611 |  | (1,611) |
Purchase of MAXIMUS common stock (in shares) | (700,000) | (732,000) |  |  |
Purchases of MAXIMUS common stock | $ (46,797) |  |  | (46,797) |
Stock compensation expense | 20,774 | $ 20,774 |  |  |
Tax withholding relating to RSU vesting | (10,614) | $ (10,614) |  |  |
Stock options exercises and RSUs vesting (in shares) |  | 340,000 |  |  |
Stock options exercises and RSUs vesting | 0 | $ 0 |  |  |
Acquisition of noncontrolling interests | $ (659) | $ (877) |  |  | 218
Ending Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2019 | 63,979,000 | 63,979,000 |  |  |
Ending Balance at Sep. 30, 2019 | $ 1,248,201 | $ 498,433 | $ (45,380) | $ 794,739 | $ 409

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