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Segment Information - Financial information by segment (Details) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | 6 Months Ended
--- | --- | ---
Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($) | Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($) | Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($) segment | Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Financial information for each of the Company's business segments |  |  |  |
Number of operating segments | segment |  |  | 3 |
Revenue: |  |  |  |
Revenue | $ 818,135 | $ 736,520 | $ 1,636,364 | $ 1,401,139
Gross profit: |  |  |  |
Gross profit | $ 153,098 | $ 169,422 | $ 328,548 | $ 328,687
Gross profit (as a percent) | 18.70% | 23.00% | 20.10% | 23.50%
Selling, general & administrative expense: |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ 106,853 | $ 78,102 | $ 194,080 | $ 157,773
Selling, general, and administrative expense (as a percent) | 13.10% | 10.60% | 11.90% | 11.30%
Operating income: |  |  |  |
Operating income | $ 37,311 | $ 81,801 | $ 116,446 | $ 155,937
Operating income (as a percent) | 4.60% | 11.10% | 7.10% | 11.10%
Amortization of intangible assets | $ (8,934) | $ (9,519) | $ (18,022) | $ (14,977)
Segment Reconciling Items |  |  |  |
Selling, general & administrative expense: |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 3,484 | (394) | 4,021 | 1,698
Operating income: |  |  |  |
Amortization of intangible assets | (8,934) | (9,519) | (18,022) | (14,977)
Other operating income (loss) | (3,484) | 394 | (4,021) | (1,698)
U.S. Health & Human Services |  |  |  |
Revenue: |  |  |  |
Revenue | 308,698 | 290,737 | 620,979 | 584,950
U.S. Health & Human Services | Operating Segments |  |  |  |
Revenue: |  |  |  |
Revenue | 308,698 | 290,737 | 620,979 | 584,950
Gross profit: |  |  |  |
Gross profit | $ 85,454 | $ 86,260 | $ 175,044 | $ 174,291
Gross profit (as a percent) | 27.70% | 29.70% | 28.20% | 29.80%
Selling, general & administrative expense: |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ 39,239 | $ 29,400 | $ 70,637 | $ 61,539
Selling, general, and administrative expense (as a percent) | 12.70% | 10.10% | 11.40% | 10.50%
Operating income: |  |  |  |
Operating income | $ 46,215 | $ 56,860 | $ 104,407 | $ 112,752
Operating income (as a percent) | 15.00% | 19.60% | 16.80% | 19.30%
U.S. Federal Services |  |  |  |
Revenue: |  |  |  |
Revenue | $ 393,391 | $ 289,736 | $ 759,962 | $ 506,723
U.S. Federal Services | Operating Segments |  |  |  |
Revenue: |  |  |  |
Revenue | 393,391 | 289,736 | 759,962 | 506,723
Gross profit: |  |  |  |
Gross profit | $ 76,958 | $ 60,696 | $ 147,779 | $ 108,681
Gross profit (as a percent) | 19.60% | 20.90% | 19.40% | 21.40%
Selling, general & administrative expense: |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ 46,726 | $ 31,104 | $ 85,965 | $ 57,736
Selling, general, and administrative expense (as a percent) | 11.90% | 10.70% | 11.30% | 11.40%
Operating income: |  |  |  |
Operating income | $ 30,232 | $ 29,592 | $ 61,814 | $ 50,945
Operating income (as a percent) | 7.70% | 10.20% | 8.10% | 10.10%
Outside the U.S. |  |  |  |
Revenue: |  |  |  |
Revenue | $ 116,046 | $ 156,047 | $ 255,423 | $ 309,466
Outside the U.S. | Operating Segments |  |  |  |
Revenue: |  |  |  |
Revenue | 116,046 | 156,047 | 255,423 | 309,466
Gross profit: |  |  |  |
Gross profit | $ (9,314) | $ 22,466 | $ 5,725 | $ 45,715
Gross profit (as a percent) | (8.00%) | 14.40% | 2.20% | 14.80%
Selling, general & administrative expense: |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | $ 17,404 | $ 17,992 | $ 33,457 | $ 36,800
Selling, general, and administrative expense (as a percent) | 15.00% | 11.50% | 13.10% | 11.90%
Operating income: |  |  |  |
Operating income | $ (26,718) | $ 4,474 | $ (27,732) | $ 8,915
Operating income (as a percent) | (23.00%) | 2.90% | (10.90%) | 2.90%

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