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Business combinations (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2021
Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]  
Schedule of Recognized Identified Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed The balances below represent our best estimate and are subject to change:
(in thousands)Estimated Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities
Cash consideration paid, net of cash acquired$1,360,231 
Estimated additional cash payments7,494 
Estimated cash consideration, net of cash acquired$1,367,725 
Accounts receivable - billed, billable and unbilled$44,078 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets13,911 
Property and equipment, net9,113 
Operating lease right-of-use assets18,898 
Intangible assets664,000 
Other assets12,816 
Total identifiable assets acquired762,816 
Accounts payable and accrued compensation42,978 
Operating lease liabilities18,898 
Income taxes payable6,196 
Deferred income taxes177,626 
Other long-term liabilities6,667 
Net identifiable assets acquired510,451 
Goodwill857,274 
Net assets acquired$1,367,725 
We are in the process of finalizing the valuation as of March 1, 2021, of all acquired assets and assumed liabilities and, accordingly, the balances below represent our best estimate and are subject to change:
(in thousands)Estimated fair value of assets and liabilities at acquisition date as of March 31, 2021AdjustmentsEstimated fair value of assets and liabilities at acquisition date as of June 30, 2021
Cash consideration, net of cash acquired$419,864 $(767)$419,097 
Accounts receivable - billed, billable and unbilled$39,274 $101 $39,375 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets1,336 (410)926 
Property and equipment, net703 (703)— 
Operating lease right-of-use assets25,089 (129)24,960 
Other assets84 (10)74 
Intangible assets105,000 — 105,000 
Total identifiable assets acquired171,486 (1,151)170,335 
Accounts payable and other liabilities28,301 562 28,863 
Operating lease liabilities, less current portion26,786 (385)26,401 
Net identifiable assets acquired116,399 (1,328)115,071 
Goodwill303,465 561 304,026 
Net assets acquired$419,864 $(767)$419,097 
Schedule of Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets by Major Class
A summary of the asset values and asset lives is as follows:
(in thousands)Estimated Straight-Line Useful LifeEstimated Fair Value
Customer contracts and relationships12 years$580,000 
Provider network12 years57,000 
Technology-based intangible assets14 years27,000 
Total intangible assets$664,000 
Schedule of Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information The pro forma results below eliminate intercompany transactions, include amortization charges for acquired intangible assets, and estimates of interest expense based upon our total estimated borrowings, eliminate pre-acquisition transaction costs and reflect corresponding changes in our provision for income taxes. Acquisition related costs incurred by Maximus, VES and Attain have been excluded in the following pro forma results. These costs were $8.8 million, $52.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively.
Unaudited pro forma results
Three Months
Ended June 30,
Nine Months
Ended June 30,
Trailing Twelve Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)20212020202120202021
Revenue$1,335,780 $996,462 $3,566,466 $2,934,920 $4,645,540 
Cost of revenue1,004,523 787,189 2,679,170 2,283,589 3,503,074 
Gross profit331,257 209,273 887,296 651,331 1,142,466 
Selling, general, and administrative expenses151,321 110,754 425,062 360,370 551,143 
Amortization of intangible assets21,301 25,090 63,856 75,868 88,586 
Operating income158,635 73,429 398,378 215,093 502,737 
Interest expense8,701 9,423 26,715 28,528 36,426 
Other (expense)/income, net(7,320)(2,126)(10,401)(11,755)(11,437)
Income before income taxes142,614 61,880 361,262 174,810 454,874 
Provision for income taxes37,123 15,549 94,735 38,897 120,248 
Net income$105,491 $46,331 $266,527 $135,913 $334,626 
Basic earnings per share$1.70 $0.75 $4.30 $2.14 $5.40 
Diluted earnings per share$1.69 $0.75 $4.28 $2.13 $5.37 
Dividends declared per share$0.28 $0.28 $0.84 $0.84 $1.12 
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic62,064 61,882 62,028 63,463 62,001 
Diluted62,453 62,102 62,300 63,666 62,285 
Schedule of Goodwill Changes in goodwill for the nine months ended June 30, 2021, were as follows:
(in thousands)U.S. ServicesU.S. Federal ServicesOutside the U.STotal
Balance as of September 30, 2020$164,472 $381,719 $46,938 $593,129 
Estimated effects of acquisitions— 1,161,300 623 1,161,923 
Foreign currency translation— — 2,743 2,743 
Balance as of June 30, 2021$164,472 $1,543,019 $50,304 $1,757,795 
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets The following table sets forth the components of intangible assets (in thousands):
As of June 30, 2021As of September 30, 2020
(in thousands)CostAccumulated
Amortization
Intangible
Assets, net
CostAccumulated
Amortization
Intangible
Assets, net
Customer contracts and relationships$921,023 $112,546 $808,477 $235,287 $90,302 $144,985 
VES Provider network57,000 396 56,604 — — — 
Technology-based intangible assets32,400 4,994 27,406 5,631 4,723 908 
Trademarks and trade names4,516 4,516 — 4,479 4,479 — 
Total$1,014,939 $122,452 $892,487 $245,397 $99,504 $145,893 
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Future Amortization Expense The estimated future amortization expense for the next five years for the intangible assets held by the Company as of June 30, 2021 is shown below. As noted above, we have not yet completed our assessment of the valuation of the intangible assets acquired with VES and Attain. These future amortization expenses represent our best estimate of future costs.
(In thousands)Estimated Future Amortization Expense
Year ended September 30, 2021, Remainder of year$20,518 
Year ended September 30, 202282,025 
Year ended September 30, 202382,009 
Year ended September 30, 202481,885 
Year ended September 30, 202581,678 
Year ended September 30, 202681,551