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Business Segments
 6 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Business Segments BUSINESS SEGMENTS
We conduct our operations through three business segments: U.S. Services, U.S. Federal Services, and Outside the U.S.
U.S. Services
Our U.S. Services Segment provides a variety of business process services ("BPS") such as program administration, appeals and assessments, and related consulting work for U.S. state and local government programs. These services support a variety of programs, including the Affordable Care Act ("ACA"), Medicaid, the Children's Health Insurance Program ("CHIP"), Temporary Assistance to Needy Families ("TANF"), and child support programs. Addressing societal macro trends such as aging populations and rising costs, the segment continues to execute on its clinical evolution strategy by expanding its clinical offerings. This includes assessments to determine whether personal care services are medically necessary and public health offerings such as contact tracing, disease investigation, and vaccine distribution support services as part of the governments' COVID-19 response efforts.
U.S. Federal Services
From technology solutions to program administration and operations, our U.S. Federal Services Segment delivers end-to-end solutions that help various U.S. federal government agencies better deliver on their mission. This also includes appeals and assessments services, system and application development, IT modernization, and maintenance services. The segment also contains certain state-based assessments and appeals work that is part of the segment's heritage within the Medicare Appeals portfolio which continues to be managed within this segment. Benefiting from the Maximus Federal Consulting (formerly Attain Federal) platform, the segment executes on its digital strategy to deliver technology solutions that advance agency missions, including the challenge to modernize, provide better customer experience, and drive process efficiencies. The segment continues to expand its clinical solutions with the acquisition of VES Group, Inc., which manages the clinical evaluation process for U.S. veterans and service members on behalf of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. The segment further supports clinical offerings in public health with new work supporting the U.S. Federal Government's COVID-19 response efforts. This included expanded work with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ("CDC") for their helpline and increased support for the IRS Wage and Investment Division's response efforts to general inquiries regarding the Coronavirus Aid Relief & Economic Security ("CARES") Act and Economic Impact Payment Service Plan.
Outside the U.S.
Our Outside the U.S. Segment provides BPS for international governments and commercial clients, transforming the lives of people around the world. Helping people find employment, access vital support, and remain healthy, these services include health and disability assessments, program administration for employment services, wellbeing solutions, and other job seeker related services. We support programs and deliver services in the U.K., including the Health Assessment Advisory Service ("HAAS"), the Work & Health Programme, Fair Start, and Restart; Australia, including jobactive and the Disability Employment Service; Canada, including Health Insurance British Columbia and the Employment Program of British Columbia; in addition to Italy, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, and Sweden, where we predominantly provide employment support and job seeker services.
Table 3: Results of Operation by Business Segment
For the Three Months EndedFor the Six Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021March 31, 2022March 31, 2021
Amount% (1)Amount% (1)Amount% (1)Amount% (1)
(dollars in thousands)
Revenue:
U.S. Services$398,077 $448,215 $784,494 $833,149 
U.S. Federal Services573,288 330,136 1,155,159 735,381 
Outside the U.S.205,961 180,929 388,549 336,304 
Revenue$1,177,326 $959,280 $2,328,202 $1,904,834 
Gross profit:
U.S. Services$84,971 21.3 %$119,440 26.6 %$174,670 22.3 %$218,442 26.2 %
U.S. Federal Services115,153 20.1 %74,133 22.5 %241,729 20.9 %156,629 21.3 %
Outside the U.S.28,327 13.8 %37,085 20.5 %40,207 10.3 %61,642 18.3 %
Gross profit$228,451 19.4 %$230,658 24.0 %$456,606 19.6 %$436,713 22.9 %
Selling, general, and administrative expenses:
U.S. Services$38,273 9.6 %$36,593 8.2 %$73,375 9.4 %$74,049 8.9 %
U.S. Federal Services68,949 12.0 %50,978 15.4 %133,874 11.6 %103,230 14.0 %
Outside the U.S.24,011 11.7 %22,013 12.2 %45,351 11.7 %42,045 12.5 %
Other (2) (926)NM2,818 NM1,928 NM5,045 NM
Selling, general, and administrative expenses$130,307 11.1 %$112,402 11.7 %$254,528 10.9 %$224,369 11.8 %
Operating income/(loss):
U.S. Services$46,698 11.7 %$82,847 18.5 %$101,295 12.9 %$144,393 17.3 %
U.S. Federal Services46,204 8.1 %23,155 7.0 %107,855 9.3 %53,399 7.3 %
Outside the U.S.4,316 2.1 %15,072 8.3 %(5,144)(1.3) %19,597 5.8 %
Amortization of intangible assets(22,856)NM(5,070)NM(45,261)NM(11,586)NM
Other (2)926 NM(2,818)NM(1,928)NM(5,045)NM
Operating income/(loss)$75,288 6.4 %$113,186 11.8 %$156,817 6.7 %$200,758 10.5 %
(1)Percentage of respective segment revenue. Percentages not considered meaningful are marked "NM."
(2)Other selling, general, and administrative expenses includes costs that are not allocated to a particular segment. This includes expenses incurred as part of our acquisitions, as well as potential acquisitions which have not been or may not be completed.