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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS | FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following categories based on the inputs used to derive the fair value: Level 1 — Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities; Level 2 — Quoted prices in markets that are not active and financial instruments for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly; or Level 3 — Prices or valuations that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable The Company’s financial assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurement on a recurring basis and the level of inputs used for such measurements were as follows as of the dates indicated (in thousands):
| Fair Value Measured as of September 30, 2024
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Assets included in: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market securities | $ | 24,900 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 24,900 |
Restricted cash |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market securities | 14,392 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | 14,392 |
Bitcoin | 95,459 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | 95,459 |
Accounts receivable | 226 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 226 |
Derivative asset | - |  |  | - |  |  | 74,410 |  |  | 74,410 |
| $ | 134,977 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 74,410 |  |  | $ | 209,387 |
| Fair Value Measured as of December 31, 2023
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Assets included in: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market securities | $ | 65,945 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 65,945 |
Bitcoin | 32,978 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | - |  |  | 32,978 |
Accounts receivable | 622 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 622 |
Derivative asset | - |  |  | - |  |  | 93,591 |  |  | 93,591 |
| $ | 99,545 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 93,591 |  |  | $ | 193,136 |
Liabilities included in: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Warrant liability | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 250 |  |  | $ | 250 |
| $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 250 |  |  | $ | 250 |
The carrying values reported in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets for cash (excluding cash equivalents which are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis), accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities are reasonable estimates of their fair values due to the short-term nature of these items. There were no transfers of financial instruments between Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 or the year ended December 31, 2023. Level 3 asset The Company’s derivative asset, related to the Luminant Power Agreement, is divided between current and noncurrent assets, and was initially recorded on its unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets on the derivative asset’s effective date of July 1, 2022, with an offsetting amount recorded to change in fair value of derivative asset in costs and operating expenses on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. Subsequent changes in fair value are also recorded to change in fair value of derivative asset. The Luminant Power Agreement was not designated as a hedging instrument. The estimated fair value of the Company’s derivative asset was derived from Level 2 and Level 3 inputs (i.e., unobservable inputs) due to a lack of quoted prices for similar type assets and as such, is classified in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Specifically, the discounted cash flow estimation models contain quoted spot and forward prices for electricity, as well as estimated usage rates consistent with the terms of the Luminant Power Agreement, the initial term of which is five years, and a remaining term of approximately 2.8 years. The valuations performed by the third-party valuation firm engaged by the Company utilized pre-tax discount rates of 5.36% and 6.11% as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and include observable market inputs, but also include unobservable inputs based on qualitative judgment related to company-specific risk factors. Unrealized gains associated with the derivative asset within the Level 3 category include changes in fair value that were attributable to amendments to the Luminant Power Agreement, changes to the quoted forward electricity rates, as well as unobservable inputs (e.g., changes in estimated usage rates and discount rate assumptions). The following table presents the changes in the estimated fair value of the derivative asset measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (amounts in thousands):
| Nine months ended September 30,
| 2024 |  | 2023
Opening balance | $ | 93,591 |  |  | $ | 66,702 |
Change in fair value | (19,181) |  |  | 13,348 |
Ending balance | $ | 74,410 |  |  | $ | 80,050 |
Level 3 liability The Company’s Private Placement Warrants (as defined in Note 15. Warrants) were its only liability classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because the fair value is based on significant inputs that are unobservable in the market. The valuation of the Private Placement Warrants used assumptions and estimates the Company believes would be made by a market participant in making the same valuation. As of March 31, 2024, all Private Placement Warrants were converted to Public Warrants, and as such no Private Placement Warrants were outstanding as of September 30, 2024. The Company engaged a valuation firm to determine the fair value of the Private Placement Warrants using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the quoted price of Common Stock. The following table presents significant assumptions utilized in the valuations of the Private Placement Warrants as of the dates indicated:
| December 31, 2023 |  |
Risk-free rate | 4.00% |  |
Dividend yield rate | 0.00% |  |
Volatility | 124.0% |  |
Contractual term (in years) | 2.7 |  |
Exercise price | $11.50 |  |
The following table presents changes in the estimated fair value of the Private Placement Warrants (amounts in thousands):
Balance as of December 31, 2023 | $ | 250 |
Change in fair value | (250) |
Balance as of September 30, 2024 | $ | — |
Balance as of December 31, 2022 | $ | 7 |
Change in fair value | 49 |
Balance as of September 30, 2023 | $ | 56 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 107 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 100 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c)(3) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2E -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2E Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (f) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (e) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (d) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (g) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 940 -SubTopic 820 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478119/940-820-50-1 + Details
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