Excluding Radian Title Insurance, whose results are immaterial and are included in discontinued operations, our insurance subsidiaries’ statutory net income (loss) for the periods indicated, and statutory policyholders’ surplus as of the dates indicated, are as follows.


Statutory net income (loss)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,

(In thousands)	2025		2024


Radian Guaranty	$	550,343	$	588,122
Other mortgage insurance subsidiaries		843		(1,295	)


Statutory policyholders’ surplus



(In thousands)	September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024



Radian Guaranty	$	661,022	$	722,861
Other mortgage insurance subsidiaries		16,818		16,515

Under state insurance regulations, Radian Guaranty is required to maintain minimum surplus levels and, in certain states, a maximum ratio of net RIF relative to statutory capital, or Risk-to-capital. The most common Statutory RBC Requirement is that a mortgage insurer’s Risk-to-capital may not exceed 25 to 1. In certain of the RBC States, a mortgage insurer must maintain a minimum policyholder position, which is calculated based on both risk and surplus levels (“MPP Requirement”). Radian Guaranty was in compliance with all applicable Statutory RBC Requirements and MPP Requirements in each of the RBC States as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024. Radian Guaranty’s Risk-to-capital was 10.4:1 and 10.2:1 as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively. For purposes of the Risk-to-capital requirements imposed by certain states, statutory capital is defined as the sum of statutory policyholders’ surplus plus statutory contingency reserves. Our other insurance subsidiaries were also in compliance with all statutory and counterparty capital requirements as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024.

In addition, in order to be eligible to insure loans purchased by the GSEs, mortgage insurers such as Radian Guaranty must meet the GSEs’ eligibility requirements, or PMIERs. At September 30, 2025, Radian Guaranty, an approved mortgage insurer under the PMIERs, was in compliance with the current PMIERs financial requirements.

State insurance regulations include various capital requirements and dividend restrictions based on our insurance subsidiaries’ statutory financial position and results of operations. As of September 30, 2025, the amount of restricted net assets held by our consolidated insurance subsidiaries (which represents our equity investment in those insurance subsidiaries) totaled $4.5 billion of our consolidated net assets.

While all proposed dividends and distributions to stockholders must be filed with the Pennsylvania Insurance Department before payment, if a Pennsylvania domiciled insurer has positive unassigned surplus, such insurer can generally pay dividends or other distributions out of unassigned surplus during any 12-month period in an aggregate amount less than or equal to the greater of: (i) 10% of the preceding year-end statutory policyholders’ surplus or (ii) the preceding year’s statutory net income, in each case without the prior approval of the Pennsylvania Insurance Department.

Radian Guaranty has maintained positive unassigned surplus during 2025, providing it with the ability to pay ordinary dividends throughout the year, subject to the above restrictions under Pennsylvania’s insurance laws. Additionally, statutory accounting principles permit insurance companies with positive unassigned funds, such as Radian Guaranty, to return capital through distributions from paid in surplus, not just distributions as dividends from unassigned surplus. Under Pennsylvania insurance laws, an insurer must receive approval from the Pennsylvania Insurance Department to account for a distribution as a return of capital. Radian Guaranty sought and received such approval to treat its $200 million distribution to Radian Group in the first quarter of 2025 as a return of capital from paid in surplus. As a result, during the first quarter of 2025, Radian Guaranty’s common stock and paid in surplus balance declined from $500 million to $300 million, while its positive unassigned surplus increased to $408 million.

Based on its positive unassigned surplus balance as of March 31, 2025, and June 30, 2025, Radian Guaranty paid ordinary dividends to Radian Group of $200 million in each of the second and third quarters of 2025. Subsequent to the payment of these dividends, as of September 30, 2025, Radian Guaranty had positive unassigned surplus of $361 million. As a result, and based on the general dividend restrictions noted above, including Radian Guaranty’s 2024 statutory net income amount, Radian Guaranty maintains the ability to pay an additional ordinary dividend of $195 million in the fourth quarter of 2025.

Radian Group plans to pay a portion of the cash consideration for the Inigo acquisition, which is expected to close in the first quarter of 2026, with proceeds of a 10-year borrowing to be made by Radian Group from Radian Guaranty, pursuant to a $600 million intercompany note that has been approved by the Pennsylvania Insurance Department. Radian Guaranty will be required to comply with certain conditions while this intercompany note is outstanding, including, most notably, obtaining prior approval from the Pennsylvania Insurance Department for all dividends paid by Radian Guaranty for a period of three years (which we may request to be reduced or the Pennsylvania Insurance Department may, in certain circumstances, extend for up to five years) and maintaining a minimum policyholders’ surplus of $500 million, among other conditions.

For a full description of our compliance with statutory and other regulations for our insurance businesses, including statutory capital requirements and dividend restrictions, see Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2024 Form 10-K.