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Derivative Financial Instruments - Effect of Derivative Instruments on Consolidated Statements of Income (Detail) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative (Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing) $ 35us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInIncomeIneffectivePortionAndAmountExcludedFromEffectivenessTestingNet $ 12us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInIncomeIneffectivePortionAndAmountExcludedFromEffectivenessTestingNet
Not Designated As Hedging Instrument [Member]    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion) (61)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsNotDesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentsGainLossNet
/ us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis
= us-gaap_NondesignatedMember
18us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsNotDesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentsGainLossNet
/ us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis
= us-gaap_NondesignatedMember
Cash Flow Hedging [Member]    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion) (340)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInOtherComprehensiveIncomeEffectivePortionNet
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis
= us-gaap_CashFlowHedgingMember
(42)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInOtherComprehensiveIncomeEffectivePortionNet
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis
= us-gaap_CashFlowHedgingMember
Foreign Exchange Contracts [Member]    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income (Effective Portion) (17)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember
10us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative (Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing) 35us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInIncomeIneffectivePortionAndAmountExcludedFromEffectivenessTestingNet
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember
12us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInIncomeIneffectivePortionAndAmountExcludedFromEffectivenessTestingNet
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember
Foreign Exchange Contracts [Member] | Cash Flow Hedging [Member]    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion) (340)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInOtherComprehensiveIncomeEffectivePortionNet
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis
= us-gaap_CashFlowHedgingMember
(42)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInOtherComprehensiveIncomeEffectivePortionNet
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis
= us-gaap_CashFlowHedgingMember
Foreign Exchange Contracts [Member] | Other Income (Expense), Net [Member]    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative (Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing) 35us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInIncomeIneffectivePortionAndAmountExcludedFromEffectivenessTestingNet
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= nov_OtherIncomeExpenseNetMember
12us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInIncomeIneffectivePortionAndAmountExcludedFromEffectivenessTestingNet
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= nov_OtherIncomeExpenseNetMember
Foreign Exchange Contracts [Member] | Other Income (Expense), Net [Member] | Not Designated As Hedging Instrument [Member]    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion) (61)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsNotDesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentsGainLossNet
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember
/ us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis
= us-gaap_NondesignatedMember
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= nov_OtherIncomeExpenseNetMember
18us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsNotDesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentsGainLossNet
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember
/ us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis
= us-gaap_NondesignatedMember
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= nov_OtherIncomeExpenseNetMember
Foreign Exchange Contracts [Member] | Revenue [Member]    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income (Effective Portion) 26us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_SalesMember
16us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_SalesMember
Foreign Exchange Contracts [Member] | Cost of Revenue [Member]    
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]    
Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income (Effective Portion) $ (43)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember
$ (6)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet
/ us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember