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Derivative Financial Instruments - Effect of Derivative Instruments on Consolidated Statements of Income (Detail) (USD $) In Millions, unless otherwise specified	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2015	Mar. 31, 2014
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative (Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing)	$ 1us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInIncomeIneffectivePortionAndAmountExcludedFromEffectivenessTestingNet	$ 12us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInIncomeIneffectivePortionAndAmountExcludedFromEffectivenessTestingNet
Not Designated as Hedging Instruments [Member]
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative	(76)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsNotDesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentsGainLossNet / us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis = us-gaap_NondesignatedMember	11us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsNotDesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentsGainLossNet / us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis = us-gaap_NondesignatedMember
Cash Flow Hedging [Member]
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion)	(152)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInOtherComprehensiveIncomeEffectivePortionNet / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis = us-gaap_CashFlowHedgingMember	35us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInOtherComprehensiveIncomeEffectivePortionNet / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis = us-gaap_CashFlowHedgingMember
Foreign Exchange Contracts [Member]
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income (Effective Portion)	(64)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis = us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember	10us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis = us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative (Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing)	(1)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInIncomeIneffectivePortionAndAmountExcludedFromEffectivenessTestingNet / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis = us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember	13us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInIncomeIneffectivePortionAndAmountExcludedFromEffectivenessTestingNet / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis = us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember
Foreign Exchange Contracts [Member] | Cash Flow Hedging [Member]
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion)	(152)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInOtherComprehensiveIncomeEffectivePortionNet / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis = us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis = us-gaap_CashFlowHedgingMember	35us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInOtherComprehensiveIncomeEffectivePortionNet / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis = us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis = us-gaap_CashFlowHedgingMember
Foreign Exchange Contracts [Member] | Other Income (Expense), Net [Member]
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative (Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing)	(1)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInIncomeIneffectivePortionAndAmountExcludedFromEffectivenessTestingNet / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis = us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember / us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis = nov_OtherIncomeExpenseNetMember	13us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossRecognizedInIncomeIneffectivePortionAndAmountExcludedFromEffectivenessTestingNet / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis = us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember / us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis = nov_OtherIncomeExpenseNetMember
Foreign Exchange Contracts [Member] | Other Income (Expense), Net [Member] | Not Designated as Hedging Instruments [Member]
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative	(76)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsNotDesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentsGainLossNet / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis = us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember / us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis = us-gaap_NondesignatedMember / us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis = nov_OtherIncomeExpenseNetMember	11us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsNotDesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentsGainLossNet / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis = us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember / us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis = us-gaap_NondesignatedMember / us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis = nov_OtherIncomeExpenseNetMember
Foreign Exchange Contracts [Member] | Revenue [Member]
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income (Effective Portion)	(65)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis = us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember / us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis = us-gaap_SalesMember	13us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis = us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember / us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis = us-gaap_SalesMember
Foreign Exchange Contracts [Member] | Cost of Revenue [Member]
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income (Effective Portion)	$ 1us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis = us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember / us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis = us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember	$ (3)us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet / us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis = us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember / us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis = us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember

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- Definition

The effective portion of net gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income on derivative instruments designated and qualifying as hedging instruments.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher FASB

-Name Accounting Standards Codification

-Topic 815

-SubTopic 10

-Section 50

-Paragraph 4C

-Subparagraph (c)

-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35706170&loc=SL5624171-113959



Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher FASB

-Name Accounting Standards Codification

-Topic 815

-SubTopic 10

-Section 50

-Paragraph 4D

-Subparagraph (b)

-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35706170&loc=SL5624177-113959

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- Definition

The portion of gains and losses (net) on derivative instruments designated and qualifying as hedging instruments representing (a) the amount of the hedge ineffectiveness and (b) the amount, if any, excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher FASB

-Name Accounting Standards Codification

-Topic 815

-SubTopic 10

-Section 50

-Paragraph 4C

-Subparagraph (d)

-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35706170&loc=SL5624171-113959



Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher FASB

-Name Accounting Standards Codification

-Topic 815

-SubTopic 25

-Section 50

-Paragraph 1

-Subparagraph (a)(1),(2)

-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6886632&loc=d3e76258-113986

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- Definition

The effective portion of gains and losses (net) on derivative instruments designated and qualifying as hedging instruments that was recognized in other comprehensive income during the current period.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher FASB

-Name Accounting Standards Codification

-Topic 815

-SubTopic 10

-Section 50

-Paragraph 4C

-Subparagraph (b)

-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35706170&loc=SL5624171-113959

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- Definition

Amount of realized and unrealized gain (loss) of derivative instruments not designated or qualifying as hedging instruments.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

-Publisher FASB

-Name Accounting Standards Codification

-Topic 815

-SubTopic 10

-Section 50

-Paragraph 4C

-Subparagraph (e)

-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35706170&loc=SL5624171-113959

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