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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

9.

Income Taxes

The provision (benefit) for income taxes for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 were $60 million and ($323) million, respectively, compared to $29 million and $37 million for the same periods in 2018.  The Company’s ability to realize deferred tax assets is limited to items supported by reversing deferred tax liabilities as a result of recent losses. The change in the effective tax rate from 2018 to 2019 was impacted by a change in jurisdictional mix of income between the two periods and 2019 was negatively impacted by the impairment of nondeductible goodwill and the establishment of additional valuation allowance. This was partially offset by the reduction in uncertain tax positions due to a settlement.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company utilized the discrete-period method to compute its interim tax provision due to significant variations in the relationship between income tax expense and pre-tax accounting income or loss. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company estimated and recorded tax based on a full-year effective tax rate.