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Debt
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2013
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
Debt
Debt.
Debt consists of the following:
 
Icahn Enterprises
 
Icahn Enterprises Holdings
 
March 31, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
March 31, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
(in millions)
 
(in millions)
8% senior unsecured notes due 2018 - Icahn Enterprises/Icahn Enterprises Holdings
$
2,475

 
$
2,476

 
$
2,470

 
$
2,471

7.75% senior unsecured notes due 2016 - Icahn Enterprises/Icahn Enterprises Holdings
1,050

 
1,050

 
1,047

 
1,047

Senior unsecured variable rate convertible notes due 2013 - Icahn Enterprises/Icahn Enterprises Holdings
556

 
556

 
556

 
556

Debt facilities - Automotive
2,738

 
2,738

 
2,738

 
2,738

Debt facilities - Energy
500

 
749

 
500

 
749

Credit facilities - Energy
125

 
125

 
125

 
125

Senior unsecured notes and secured term loan facility - Railcar
150

 
275

 
150

 
275

Credit facilities - Gaming
170

 
171

 
170

 
171

Senior secured notes and revolving credit facility - Food Packaging
214

 
214

 
214

 
214

Mortgages payable - Real Estate
69

 
70

 
69

 
70

Other
137

 
124

 
137

 
124

 
$
8,184

 
$
8,548

 
$
8,176

 
$
8,540


Senior Unsecured Notes - Icahn Enterprises and Icahn Enterprises Holdings
8% Senior Unsecured Notes Due 2018 and 7.75% Senior Unsecured Notes Due 2016
On January 15, 2010, we and Icahn Enterprises Finance Corp. (“Icahn Enterprises Finance”) (collectively, the “Issuers”), issued $850 million aggregate principal amount of 7.75% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2016 (the “2016 Notes”) and $1,150 million aggregate principal amount of 8% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2018 (the “2018 Notes” and, together with the 2016 Notes, referred to as the “Initial Notes”) pursuant to the purchase agreement, dated January 12, 2010, by and among the Issuers, Icahn Enterprises Holdings, as guarantor (the “Guarantor”), and Jefferies & Company, Inc., as initial purchaser. The gross proceeds from the sale of the Initial Notes were $1,987 million, a portion of which was used to retire certain notes during 2010. Interest on the 2016 Notes and 2018 Notes are payable on January 15 and July 15 of each year, commencing July 15, 2010.
On November 12, 2010, the Issuers issued an additional $200 million aggregate principal amount of the 2016 Notes and $300 million aggregate principal amount of the 2018 Notes (such notes are collectively referred to as the “2010 Additional Notes”), pursuant to the purchase agreement, dated November 8, 2010, by and among the Issuers, Icahn Enterprises Holdings, as guarantor and Jefferies & Company, Inc., as initial purchaser. The gross proceeds from the sale of the 2010 Additional Notes were $512 million. On January 17, 2012, February 6, 2012 and July 12, 2012, the Issuers issued an additional aggregate $1,000 million principal amount of the 2018 Notes (such notes are collectively referred to as the “2012 Additional Notes”), pursuant to their respective purchase agreements, by and among the Issuers, Icahn Enterprises Holdings, as guarantor and Jefferies & Company, Inc., as initial purchaser. The aggregate gross proceeds from the sale of 2012 Additional Notes were $1,030 million and will be used for general corporate purposes. The 2010 Additional Notes and 2012 Additional Notes constitute the same series of securities as the Initial Notes for purposes of the indenture governing the notes and vote together on all matters with such series. These notes have substantially identical terms as the Initial Notes.
The Initial Notes, 2010 Additional Notes and 2012 Additional Notes (referred to collectively as the notes) were issued under and are governed by an indenture, dated January 15, 2010 (the “Indenture”), among the Issuers, the Guarantor and Wilmington Trust Company, as trustee. The Indenture contains customary events of defaults and covenants relating to, among other things, the incurrence of debt, affiliate transactions, liens and restricted payments. On or after January 15, 2013, the Issuers may redeem all of the 2016 Notes at a price equal to 103.875% of the principal amount of the 2016 Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, with such optional redemption prices decreasing to 101.938% on and after January 15, 2014 and 100% on and after January 15, 2015. On or after January 15, 2014, the Issuers may redeem all of the 2018 Notes at a price equal to 104.000% of the principal amount of the 2018 Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, with such option redemption prices decreasing to 102.000% on and after January 15, 2015 and 100% on and after January 15, 2016. Before January 15, 2013, the Issuers may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of each of the 2016 Notes and 2018 Notes with the net proceeds of certain equity offerings at a price equal to 107.750% and 108.000%, respectively, of the aggregate principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2016 Notes or 2018 Notes, as the case may be, originally issued remains outstanding immediately after such redemption. If the Issuers experience a change of control, the Issuers must offer to purchase for cash all or any part of each holder's notes at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount of the notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
The notes and the related guarantee are the senior unsecured obligations of the Issuers and rank equally with all of the Issuers' and the Guarantor's existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness and rank senior to all of the Issuers' and the Guarantor's existing and future subordinated indebtedness. The notes and the related guarantee are effectively subordinated to the Issuers' and the Guarantor's existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the collateral securing such indebtedness. The notes and the related guarantee are also effectively subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities of the Issuers' subsidiaries other than the Guarantor.
Senior Unsecured Variable Rate Convertible Notes Due 2013 - Icahn Enterprises and Icahn Enterprises Holdings
In April 2007, we issued an aggregate of $600 million of variable rate senior convertible notes due 2013 (“variable rate notes”). The variable rate notes were sold in a private placement pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, and issued pursuant to an indenture dated as of April 5, 2007, by and among us, as issuer, Icahn Enterprises Finance, as co-issuer, and Wilmington Trust Company, as trustee. Other than Icahn Enterprises Holdings, no other subsidiaries guaranteed payment on the variable rate notes. The variable rate notes bore interest at a rate of three-month LIBOR minus 125 basis points, but the all-in-rate can be no less than 4.0% nor more than 5.5%, and were eligible to be convertible into our depositary units. As of March 31, 2013, the interest rate was 4.0%. The interest on the variable rate notes is payable quarterly on each January 15, April 15, July 15 and October 15. The variable rate notes mature on August 15, 2013. As discussed below, as a result of our delivery of notice of satisfaction and discharge (the "Notice") with respect to the variable rate notes on January 25, 2013, the holders of the variable rate notes will continue to have the right to receive payment of principal and interest on the variable notes through maturity, but will no longer have the right to convert variable rate notes into our depositary units.
Prior to our delivery of Notice, in the event that we had declared a cash dividend or similar cash distribution in any calendar quarter with respect to our depositary units in an amount in excess of $0.10 per depositary unit (as adjusted for splits, reverse splits and/or stock dividends) ("Excess Dividends"), the indenture governing the variable rate notes required that we simultaneously make such distribution to holders of the variable rate notes in accordance with a formula set forth in the indenture. As discussed below, this provision was nullified by the Notice. Accordingly, no distributions in respect of Excess Dividends will be paid to holders of the variable rate notes for the year ending December 31, 2013. In addition, because there were no Excess Dividends during the year ended December 31, 2012, no such distributions were paid to holders of the variable rate notes for this period.
On January 25, 2013, Icahn Enterprises and Icahn Enterprises Holdings delivered the Notice to the registered holders of our outstanding variable rate notes in accordance with the terms of the indenture dated as of April 5, 2007, among Icahn Enterprises, as issuer, Icahn Enterprises Finance Corp., as co-issuer, Icahn Enterprises Holdings, as guarantor, and Wilmington Trust Company, as trustee, governing the variable rate notes. The aggregate outstanding principal amount of the variable rate notes prior to the discharge was $600 million, of which $44 million was held directly by Icahn Enterprises Holdings.
 As set forth in the Notice, on January 29, 2013 (“Discharge Date”), Icahn Enterprises deposited with Wilmington Trust Company, to be held in trust by it in accordance with the provisions of the variable rate notes and the indenture dated as of April 5, 2007, cash in the amount sufficient to pay and discharge all indebtedness on the outstanding variable rate notes consisting of: (a) all accrued and unpaid interest payable on the quarterly interest payment dates on April 15 and July 15, 2013, and (b) all principal and accrued and unpaid interest payable upon maturity of the variable rate notes on August 15, 2013. On and after the Discharge Date, (a) the indenture dated as of April 5, 2007 was discharged and ceased to be of further effect as to all variable rate notes and Note Guarantees (as defined in such indenture) issued thereunder and (b) holders will continue to have the right to receive payment of principal and interest on the variable rate notes through maturity, but will no longer have the right to convert variable rate notes into Depositary Units (as defined in such indenture) of Icahn Enterprises. In addition, the holders of the variable rate notes will no longer receive the right to receive Excess Dividends in respect to our declaration of dividends.
Senior Unsecured Notes Restrictions and Covenants
The indenture governing the variable rate notes, and the indenture governing both the 2016 Notes and the 2018 Notes (including the 2010 Additional Notes and the 2012 Additional Notes), restrict the payment of cash distributions, the purchase of equity interests or the purchase, redemption, defeasance or acquisition of debt subordinated to the senior unsecured notes. The indentures also restrict the incurrence of debt or the issuance of disqualified stock, as defined in the applicable indenture, with certain exceptions. In addition, the indentures require that on each quarterly determination date we and the guarantor of the notes (currently only Icahn Enterprises Holdings) maintain certain minimum financial ratios, as defined therein. The indentures also restrict the creation of liens, mergers, consolidations and sales of substantially all of our assets, and transactions with affiliates.
As of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, we were in compliance with all covenants, including maintaining certain minimum financial ratios, as defined in the applicable indentures. Additionally, as of March 31, 2013, based on covenants in the applicable indenture governing our senior unsecured notes, we are permitted to incur approximately $2.4 billion in additional indebtedness.
Debt Facilities - Automotive
On December 27, 2007, Federal-Mogul entered into a Term Loan and Revolving Credit Agreement (“Federal-Mogul Debt Facilities”) with Citicorp U.S.A. Inc. as Administrative Agent, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as Syndication Agent and certain lenders. The Federal-Mogul Debt Facilities include a $540 million revolving credit facility (which is subject to a borrowing base and can be increased under certain circumstances and subject to certain conditions) and a $2,960 million term loan credit facility divided into a $1,960 million tranche B loan and a $1,000 million tranche C loan. The obligations under the revolving credit facility mature December 27, 2013 and bear interest in accordance with a pricing grid based on availability under the revolving credit facility. Interest rates on the pricing grid range from LIBOR plus 1.50% to LIBOR plus 2.00% and ABR plus 0.50% to ABR plus 1.00%. The tranche B term loans mature December 27, 2014 and the tranche C term loans mature December 27, 2015. All of the Federal-Mogul Debt Facilities term loans bear interest at LIBOR plus 1.9375% or at ABR plus 0.9375% at Federal-Mogul's election.
As of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the borrowing availability under Federal-Mogul's revolving credit facility was $504 million and $451 million, respectively. Federal-Mogul had $37 million of letters of credit outstanding as of both March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 pertaining to Federal-Mogul's term loan credit facility. To the extent letters of credit associated with the revolving credit facility are issued, there is a corresponding decrease in borrowings available under this facility.
The obligations of Federal-Mogul under the Federal-Mogul Debt Facilities are guaranteed by substantially all of its domestic subsidiaries and certain foreign subsidiaries, and are secured by substantially all personal property and certain real property of Federal-Mogul and such guarantors, subject to certain limitations. The liens granted to secure these obligations and certain cash management and hedging obligations have first priority.
The Federal-Mogul Debt Facilities contain certain affirmative and negative covenants and events of default, including, subject to certain exceptions, restrictions on incurring additional indebtedness, mandatory prepayment provisions associated with specified asset sales and dispositions, and limitations on (i) investments; (ii) certain acquisitions, mergers or consolidations; (iii) sale and leaseback transactions; (iv) certain transactions with affiliates and (v) dividends and other payments in respect of capital stock. Pursuant to the terms of the Federal-Mogul Debt Facilities, $50 million of the Tranche C Term Loan proceeds were deposited in a term letter of credit account. At March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, Federal-Mogul was in compliance with all debt covenants under the Federal-Mogul Debt Facilities.
Debt and Credit Facilities - Energy
Senior Secured Notes
On April 6, 2010, Coffeyville Resources, LLC ("CRLLC") and its then wholly owned subsidiary, Coffeyville Finance Inc. (together the "CVR Issuers"), completed a private offering of $275 million aggregate principal amount of 9.0% First Lien Senior Secured Notes due 2015 (the "CVR First Lien Notes") and $225 million aggregate principal amount of 10.875% Second Lien Senior Secured Notes due 2017 ("CVR Second Lien Notes" and, together with the CVR First Lien Notes, the "CVR Notes").  On December 15, 2011, the CVR Issuers sold an additional $200 million aggregate principal amount of 9.0% First Lien Senior Secured Notes due 2015 ("New CVR Notes"). The New CVR Notes were issued as "Additional CVR Notes" pursuant to the indenture dated April 6, 2010 (the "CVR Indenture") and, together with the existing CVR First Lien Notes, are treated as a single class for all purposes under the CVR Indenture including, without limitation, waivers, amendments, redemptions and other offers to purchase. Unless otherwise indicated, the New CVR Notes and the existing first lien notes are collectively referred to herein as the "CVR First Lien Notes."
The CVR First Lien Notes were scheduled to mature on April 1, 2015, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased by the CVR Issuers. See further discussion below related to the tender and redemption of all the outstanding CVR First Lien Notes in the fourth quarter of 2012. The CVR Second Lien Notes mature on April 1, 2017, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased by the CVR Issuers. On January 23, 2013, a portion of the proceeds from the CVR Refining's IPO were utilized to satisfy and discharge the indenture governing the CVR Second Lien Notes. As a result, all of the outstanding CVR Second Lien Notes were redeemed on January 23, 2013 resulting in a gain on extinguishment of debt of approximately $5 million for our Energy segment in the first quarter of 2013.
Interest was payable on the Notes semi-annually on April 1 and October 1 of each year. The CVR Notes were fully and unconditionally guaranteed by each of CRLLC's subsidiaries other than CVR Partners and CRNF.
As a result of our acquisition of CVR on May 4, 2012, we revalued the CVR Notes to its acquisition date fair values, resulting in the recognition of premiums aggregating $54 million which was amortized to interest expense on a straight line basis over the life of the CVR Notes. As a result of redemption of the CVR Second Lien Notes discussed above, the premium balance of $25 million was written off during the first quarter of 2013. In addition our acquisition of a controlling interest in CVR constituted a change of control requiring the CVR Issuers to make an offer to repurchase all of its outstanding CVR Notes at 101.0% of the principal amount of notes tendered.  On June 4, 2012, the CVR Issuers offered to purchase all or any part of the CVR Notes, at a cash purchase price of 101% of the aggregate principal amount of the CVR Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any.  The offer expired on July 5, 2012 with none of the outstanding CVR Notes tendered. 
On October 23, 2012, CVR Refining LLC (“Refining LLC”) and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Coffeyville Finance Inc., completed a private offering of $500 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.50% Second Lien Secured Notes due 2022 (the "2022 Notes"). The 2022 Notes were issued at par. Refining LLC received approximately $493 million of cash proceeds, net of the underwriting fees, but before deducting other third-party fees and expenses associated with the offering. The 2022 Notes were secured by substantially the same assets that secured the then outstanding CVR Second Lien Notes, subject to exceptions, until such time that the outstanding CVR Second Lien Notes were satisfied and discharged in full. The 2022 Notes are guaranteed by the CVR Refining, Refining LLC and its existing domestic subsidiaries. Prior to the satisfaction and discharge of the CVR Second Lien Notes, which occurred on January 23, 2013, the 2022 Notes were also guaranteed by CRLLC. CVR, CVR Partners and CRNF are not guarantors. Approximately $348 million of the net proceeds from the offering was used to fund a completed and settled tender offer resulting in the purchase of approximately $323 million of the 9.0% First Lien Notes due April 1, 2015 and to settle accrued interest of approximately $2 million through October 23, 2012 and to pay related fees and expenses. A premium of approximately $23 million was incurred associated with the tender.
The 2022 Notes mature on November 1, 2022, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased by the issuers. Interest is payable on the 2022 Notes semi-annually on May 1 and November 1 of each year, commencing on May 1, 2013.
The 2022 Notes requires that CVR Refining to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio and contains customary covenants for a financing of this type that limit, subject to certain exceptions, the incurrence of additional indebtedness or guarantees, the creation of liens on assets, the ability to dispose of assets, the ability to make payments on subordinated or unsecured debt, the ability to merge, consolidate with or into another entity and the ability to enter into certain affiliate transactions. The 2022 Notes provide that CVR Refining can make distributions to holders of its common units provided, among other things, it is in compliance with the fixed coverage ratio and there is no default or event of default under the 2022 Notes. As of March 31, 2013, CVR Refining was in compliance with the covenants contained in the 2022 Notes.
Amended and Restated Asset Backed (ABL) Credit Facility
On December 20, 2012, CRLLC, CVR Refining, and Refining LLC and each of the operating subsidiaries of Refining LLC (collectively, the “Credit Parties”) entered into an amended and restated ABL credit agreement (“Amended and Restated ABL Credit Facility") with a group of lenders and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (“Wells Fargo”), as administrative agent and collateral agent. The Amended and Restated ABL Credit Facility replaced a previous ABL credit facility and is scheduled to mature on December 20, 2017. Under the Amended and Restated ABL Credit Facility, CVR Refining assumed CVR's position as borrower and CVR's obligations under the facility upon the closing of CVR Refining's IPO on January 23, 2013.
The Amended and Restated ABL Credit Facility is a senior secured asset based revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $400 million with an incremental facility, which permits an increase in borrowings of up to $200 million subject to additional lender commitments and certain other conditions. The proceeds of the loans may be used for capital expenditures and working capital and general corporate purposes of the Credit Parties and their subsidiaries. The Amended and Restated ABL Credit Facility provides for loans and letters of credit in an amount up to the aggregate availability under the facility, subject to meeting certain borrowing base conditions, with sub-limits of 10% of the total facility commitment for swingline loans and 90% of the total facility commitment for letters of credit.
Borrowings under the Amended and Restated ABL Credit Facility bear interest at either a base rate or LIBOR plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin is (i) (a) 1.75% for LIBOR borrowings and (b) 0.75% for prime rate borrowings, in each case if quarterly average excess availability exceeds 50% of the lesser of the borrowing base and the total commitments and (ii) (a) 2.00% for LIBOR borrowings and (b) 1.00% for prime rate borrowings, in each case if quarterly average excess availability is less than or equal to 50% of the lesser of the borrowing base and the total commitments. The Amended and Restated ABL Credit Facility also requires the payment of customary fees, including an unused line fee of (i) 0.40% if the daily average amount of loans and letters of credit outstanding is less than 50% of the lesser of the borrowing base and the total commitments and (ii) 0.30% if the daily average amount of loans and letters of credit outstanding is equal to or greater than 50% of the lesser of the borrowing base and the total commitments. CVR Refining will also be required to pay customary letter of credit fees equal to, for standby letters of credit, the applicable margin on LIBOR loans on the maximum amount available to be drawn under and, for commercial letters of credit, the applicable margin on LIBOR loans less 0.50% on the maximum amount available to be drawn under, and customary facing fees equal to 0.125% of the face amount of, each letter of credit.
The Amended and Restated ABL Credit Facility also contains customary covenants for a financing of this type that limit the ability of the Credit Parties and their respective subsidiaries to, among other things, incur liens, engage in a consolidation, merger, purchase or sale of assets, pay dividends, incur indebtedness, make advances, investment and loans, enter into affiliate transactions, issue equity interests, or create subsidiaries and unrestricted subsidiaries. The amended and restated facility also contains a fixed charge coverage ratio financial covenant, as defined under the facility. The Credit Parties were in compliance with the covenants of the Amended and Restated ABL Credit Facility as of March 31, 2013.
As of March 31, 2013, CRLLC had availability under the Amended and Restated ABL Credit Facility of $373 million and had letters of credit outstanding of $27 million. There were no borrowings outstanding under the Amended and Restated ABL Credit Facility as of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.
CVR Partners Credit Facility
On April 13, 2011, CRNF, as borrower, and CVR Partners, as guarantor, entered into a new credit facility with a group of lenders including Goldman Sachs Lending Partners LLC, as administrative and collateral agent. The credit facility includes a term loan facility of $125 million and a revolving credit facility of $25 million, which was undrawn as of March 31, 2013, with an uncommitted incremental facility of up to $50 million. No amounts were outstanding under the revolving credit facility at March 31, 2013.
Borrowings under the credit facility bear interest based on a pricing grid determined by the trailing four quarter leverage ratio. The initial pricing for Eurodollar rate loans under the credit facility is the Eurodollar rate plus a margin of 3.50% or, for base rate loans, the prime rate plus 2.50%. Under its terms, the lenders under the credit facility were granted a first priority security interest (subject to certain customary exceptions) in substantially all of the assets of CRNF and CVR Partners.
The credit facility requires CVR Partners to maintain a minimum interest coverage ratio and a maximum leverage ratio and contains customary covenants for a financing of this type that limit, subject to certain exceptions, the incurrence of additional indebtedness or guarantees, the creation of liens on assets and the ability of CVR Partners to dispose of assets, to make restricted payments, investments and acquisitions, or enter into sale-leaseback transactions and affiliate transactions. The credit facility provides that CVR Partners can make distributions to holders of its common units provided, among other things, it is in compliance with the leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio on a pro forma basis after giving effect to any distribution and there is no default or event of default under the credit facility. As of March 31, 2013, CRNF was in compliance with the covenants contained in the credit facility.
Senior Unsecured Notes and Secured Term Loan Facility - Railcar
In February 2007, ARI issued $275 million senior unsecured fixed rate notes that were subsequently exchanged for registered notes in March 2007 (“ARI Notes”). In September 2012, ARI completed a voluntary partial early redemption of $100 million of the ARI Notes at a rate of 101.875% of the principal amount, plus any accrued interest and unpaid interest. The ARI Notes bore a fixed interest rate of 7.5%. On March 1, 2013, ARI voluntarily redeemed the remaining $175 million of ARI Notes outstanding at par value. In connection with the redemption, ARI recorded a loss of less than $1 million on debt extinguishment in the first quarter of 2013.
In December 2012, ARI, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into a senior secured delayed draw term loan facility ("ARI Term Loan") that is secured by a portfolio of railcars, railcar leases, the receivables associated with those railcars and leases and certain other assets. The ARI Term Loan provides for an initial draw at closing ("Initial Draw") and allows for up to two additional draws. The capacity of the ARI Term Loan is limited to the lesser of approximately $200 million or 75% of the Net Aggregate Equipment Value, as defined in the credit agreement and matures on February 27, 2018.
Upon closing, the Initial Draw was $98 million, net of fees and expenses. During February 2013, ARI made an additional draw, which resulted in net proceeds of approximately $50 million. After this draw, availability under the lease fleet financing is up to $50 million. As of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the outstanding principal balance on the ARI Term Loan was $150 million and $100 million, respectively.
The ARI Term Loan bears interest at one-month LIBOR plus 2.5%, subject to an alternative fee as set forth in the credit agreement, and is payable on the 15th of each month. The interest rate increases by 2.0% following certain defaults. ARI is required to pay principal at an annual rate of 3.33% of the borrowed amount via monthly payments that are due on the Payment Date, with any remaining balance payable on the final scheduled maturity. The ARI Term Loan may be prepaid at any time without premium or penalty, other than customary LIBOR breakage fees. The ARI Term Loan contains restrictive covenants that limit a subsidiary of ARI's ability to, among other things, incur additional debt, issue additional equity, sell certain assets, make certain restricted payments and enter into certain significant transactions with stockholders and affiliates. Certain covenants, including those that restrict a subsidiary of ARI's ability to incur additional indebtedness and issue equity, become more restrictive if a subsidiary of ARI's debt service coverage ratio, as defined, is less than 1.05 to 1.0 as measured on a rolling three-quarter basis. ARI was in compliance with all of its covenants under the ARI Term Loan as of March 31, 2013. As of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the net book value of the railcars that were pledged as part of the ARI Term Loan was $170 million and $112 million, respectively.
Credit Facilities - Gaming
Credit Facilities
In March 2012, Tropicana entered into credit facilities ("Tropicana Credit Facilities"), which consist of (i) a senior secured first lien term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of $175 million, issued at a discount of 2% ("Tropicana Term Loan") and (ii) a cash collateralized letter of credit facility in a maximum aggregate amount of $15 million ("Tropicana Letter of Credit"). Commencing on June 30, 2012, the Tropicana Term Loan requires quarterly principal payments of 0.25% of the original principal amount with any remaining outstanding amounts due on the maturity date, March 16, 2018. The Tropicana Term Loan is secured by substantially all of Tropicana's assets and is guaranteed by all of its domestic subsidiaries.
At the election of Tropicana and subject to certain conditions, the amount available under the Tropicana Term Loan may be increased by up to $75 million, which increased amount may be comprised of additional term loans and up to $20 million of revolving loans. The Tropicana Letter of Credit provides for the issuance of letters of credit with an aggregate stated amount of up to $15 million, through a termination date of March 16, 2017. The letters of credit issued under the Tropicana Letter of Credit will be secured by cash collateral in an amount no less than 103% of the face amounts of such letters of credit.
The obligations under the Tropicana Term Loan bear interest, at Tropicana's election, at an annual rate equal to either: (i) the sum of (a) the Adjusted LIBOR Rate (as defined in the Tropicana Term Loan) (subject to a 1.50% floor); plus (b) a margin of 6.00%; or (ii) the sum of: (a) the alternate base rate, which is equal to the greatest of: (1) the corporate base rate of UBS AG, Stamford Branch; (2) the Federal Funds Effective Rate (as defined in the Tropicana Term Loan) plus 0.50%; or (3) the Adjusted LIBOR Rate (as defined in the Tropicana Term Loan) for one month plus 1.00% (all subject to a 2.50% floor); plus (b) a margin of 5.00%; such that, in either case, the applicable interest rate shall not be less than 7.50%.  An additional 2% default rate also applies in certain instances described in the Tropicana Term Loan. As of March 31, 2013, the interest rate was 7.5%.
The Tropicana Term Loan may be prepaid at the option of Tropicana at any time without penalty (other than customary breakage fees). The Tropicana Term Loan contains mandatory prepayment provisions from proceeds received by Tropicana and its subsidiaries as a result of asset sales, the incurrence of indebtedness and issuance of equity, casualty events and excess cash flow (subject in each case to certain exceptions). Key covenants binding Tropicana and its subsidiaries include (i) limitations on indebtedness, liens, investments, acquisitions, asset sales, dividends and other restricted payments, and affiliate and extraordinary transactions, (ii) compliance with a first lien net leverage ratio, measured quarterly on a trailing twelve-month basis (3.25:1.00 for the quarter ended March 31, 2013, and reducing over time to 2.50:1.00 beginning as of the quarter ending March 31, 2016), and (iii) compliance with a total net leverage ratio, measured quarterly on a trailing twelve-month basis, of 5.00:1.00.  Tropicana was in compliance with the covenants of the Tropicana Term Loan at March 31, 2013.
Senior secured Notes and Revolving Credit Facility - Food Packaging
In December 2009, Viskase issued $175 million of 9.875% Senior Secured Notes due 2018 (“Viskase Notes”). The Viskase Notes bear interest at a rate of 9.875% per annum, payable semi-annually in cash on January 15 and July 15, commencing on July 15, 2010. The Viskase Notes have a maturity date of January 15, 2018.
In May 2010, Viskase issued an additional $40 million aggregate principal amount of Viskase 9.875% Notes under the indenture governing the Viskase Notes Indenture (“Viskase Notes Indenture”). The additional notes constitute the same series of securities as the initial Viskase Notes. Holders of the initial and additional Viskase Notes will vote together on all matters and the initial and additional Viskase Notes will be equally and ratably secured by all collateral. 
The notes and related guarantees by any of Viskase's future domestic restricted subsidiaries are secured by substantially all of Viskase's and such domestic restricted subsidiaries' current and future tangible and intangible assets. The Viskase Notes Indenture permits Viskase to incur other senior secured indebtedness and to grant liens on its assets under certain circumstances.
Prior to January 15, 2014, Viskase may redeem, at its option, up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the Viskase Notes issued under the Viskase Notes Indenture with the net proceeds of any equity offering at 109.875% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption, provided that at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the Viskase Notes issued under the Viskase Notes Indenture dated December 21, 2009 remains outstanding immediately following the redemption.
In November 2007, Viskase entered into a $25 million secured revolving credit facility (“Viskase Revolving Credit Facility”) with Arnos Corporation, an affiliate of Mr. Icahn. In connection with our majority acquisition of Viskase on January 15, 2010, we assumed the Viskase Revolving Credit Facility from Arnos Corporation. We have entered into several agreements with Viskase to extend the maturity date of Viskase Revolving Credit Facility, the latest of which extends the maturity date to July 31, 2015. Borrowings under the loan and security agreement governing the Viskase Revolving Credit Facility are subject to a borrowing base formula based on percentages of eligible domestic receivables and eligible domestic inventory. Under the Viskase Revolving Credit Facility, the interest rate is LIBOR plus a margin of 2.00% currently (which margin will be subject to performance based increases up to 2.50%); provided that the minimum interest rate shall be at least equal to 3.00%. Viskase Revolving Credit Facility also provides for an unused line fee of 0.375% per annum. There were no borrowings under the Viskase Revolving Credit Facility as of each of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.
Indebtedness under the Viskase Revolving Credit Facility is secured by liens on substantially all of Viskase's domestic and Mexican assets, with liens on certain assets that are contractually senior to the Viskase 9.875% Notes and the related guarantees pursuant to an intercreditor agreement and the Viskase 9.875% Notes.
The Viskase Revolving Credit Facility contains various covenants which restrict Viskase's ability to, among other things, incur indebtedness, enter into mergers or consolidation transactions, dispose of assets (other than in the ordinary course of business), acquire assets, make certain restricted payments, create liens on our assets, make investments, create guarantee obligations and enter into sale and leaseback transactions and transactions with affiliates, in each case subject to permitted exceptions. The Viskase Revolving Credit Facility also requires that Viskase complies with various financial covenants. Viskase is in compliance with these requirements as of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.
In its foreign operations, Viskase has unsecured lines of credit with various banks providing approximately $8 million of availability. There were no borrowings under the lines of credit at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.
Letters of credit in the amount of $1 million were outstanding under facilities with a commercial bank, and were cash collateralized at each of March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.
Mortgages Payable - Real Estate
Mortgages payable, all of which are non-recourse to us, bear interest at rates between 4.97% and 7.99% and have maturities between May 31, 2013 and October 31, 2028.
Other
Letter of Credit Facility - Home Fashion
On October 15, 2012, upon the expiration of a certain senior secured revolving credit facility of WPH, WPH entered into a letter of credit facility ("WPH Letter of Credit"), with a nationally recognized bank ("LC Issuer"). The one-year WPH Letter of Credit has a $10 million credit line. Issuance of letters of credit under the WPH Letter of Credit is subject to 0.50% annual fee on the outstanding face amount of the letters of credit issued under the WPH Letter of Credit, which face amount as of March 31, 2013 was approximately $6 million.  Obligations under the WPH Letter of Credit are secured by a cash collateral account pledged by WPH to LC Issuer.  The WPH Letter of Credit does not contain any financial covenants. WPH has determined that its liquidity needs are sufficiently covered by existing and projected cash resources for the foreseeable future. In the future, WPH may explore other financing options as circumstances warrant.