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Fair Value Measurements | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2014
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements. U.S. GAAP requires enhanced disclosures about investments and non-recurring non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities that are measured and reported at fair value and has established a hierarchal disclosure framework that prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring investments or non-financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Market price observability is impacted by a number of factors, including the type of investment and the characteristics specific to the investment. Investments with readily available active quoted prices or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value. Investments and non-financial assets and/or liabilities measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following categories: Level 1 - Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical investments as of the reporting date. The types of investments included in Level 1 include listed equities and listed derivatives. We do not adjust the quoted price for these investments, even in situations where we hold a large position. Level 2 - Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies. Investments that are generally included in this category include corporate bonds and loans, less liquid and restricted equity securities and certain over-the-counter derivatives. The inputs and assumptions of our Level 2 investments are derived from market observable sources including reported trades, broker/dealer quotes and other pertinent data. Level 3 - Pricing inputs are unobservable for the investment and non-financial asset and/or liability and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the investment or non-financial asset and/or liability. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Fair value is determined using comparable market transactions and other valuation methodologies, adjusted as appropriate for liquidity, credit, market and/or other risk factors. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, an investment's level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the investment. Significant transfers, if any, between the levels within the fair value hierarchy are recognized at the beginning of the reporting period when changes in circumstances require such transfers. Investment The following table summarizes the valuation of the Investment Funds' investments and derivative contracts by the above fair value hierarchy levels as of December 31, 2014 and 2013:
| December 31, 2014 |  | December 31, 2013
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Assets | (in millions)
Investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Communications | $ | 2,846 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,846 |  |  | $ | 820 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 820 |
Consumer, non-cyclical | 2,308 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,308 |  |  | 3,344 |  |  | 178 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,522 |
Consumer, cyclical | 436 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 436 |  |  | 414 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 414 |
Diversified | 23 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 23 |  |  | 29 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 29 |
Energy | 1,895 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,895 |  |  | 3,050 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,050 |
Financial | 417 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 417 |  |  | 300 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 300 |
Funds | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | 6 |
Industrial | 79 |  |  | 20 |  |  | — |  |  | 99 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Technology | 5,635 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,635 |  |  | 3,173 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,173 |
| 13,639 |  |  | 20 |  |  | — |  |  | 13,659 |  |  | 11,130 |  |  | 184 |  |  | — |  |  | 11,314 |
Corporate debt: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer, cyclical | — |  |  | — |  |  | 75 |  |  | 75 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 287 |  |  | 287 |
Energy | — |  |  | 19 |  |  | — |  |  | 19 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Financial | — |  |  | 7 |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |
Sovereign debt | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |
Utilities | — |  |  | 28 |  |  | — |  |  | 28 |  |  | — |  |  | 29 |  |  | — |  |  | 29 |
| — |  |  | 54 |  |  | 75 |  |  | 129 |  |  | — |  |  | 45 |  |  | 287 |  |  | 332 |
Mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial | — |  |  | 173 |  |  | — |  |  | 173 |  |  | — |  |  | 180 |  |  | — |  |  | 180 |
| 13,639 |  |  | 247 |  |  | 75 |  |  | 13,961 |  |  | 11,130 |  |  | 409 |  |  | 287 |  |  | 11,826 |
Derivative contracts, at fair value(1) | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| $ | 13,639 |  |  | $ | 250 |  |  | $ | 75 |  |  | $ | 13,964 |  |  | $ | 11,130 |  |  | $ | 409 |  |  | $ | 287 |  |  | $ | 11,826 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities sold, not yet purchased, at fair value: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer, non-cyclical | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 44 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 44 |
Consumer, cyclical | 334 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 334 |  |  | 787 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 787 |
Financial | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 45 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 45 |
Funds | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | 8 |
| 334 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 334 |  |  | 876 |  |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | 884 |
Debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Energy | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| 334 |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 337 |  |  | 876 |  |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | 884 |
Derivative contracts, at fair value(2) | — |  |  | 614 |  |  | — |  |  | 614 |  |  | — |  |  | 639 |  |  | — |  |  | 639 |
| $ | 334 |  |  | $ | 617 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 951 |  |  | $ | 876 |  |  | $ | 647 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,523 |
(1) | Included in other assets in our consolidated balance sheets.
(2) | Included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets.
The changes in investments measured at fair value for which our Investment segment has used Level 3 input to determine fair value are as follows:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013
| (in millions)
Balance at January 1 | $ | 287 |  |  | $ | 288 |
Gross realized and unrealized (losses) gains | (100 | ) |  | 4 |
Gross proceeds | (2 | ) |  | (5 | )
Distribution-in-kind | (110 | ) |  | — |
Balance at December 31 | $ | 75 |  |  | $ | 287 |
Unrealized losses of $68 million are included in earnings related to Level 3 investments still held at December 31, 2014 by our Investment segment. Total realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded for Level 3 investments are reported in net gain from investment activities in our consolidated statements of operations. The Investment Funds owned one Level 3 corporate debt investment at December 31, 2014. In prior periods, in determining the fair value of this investment, we performed a yield analysis of comparable loans to which we applied a risk premium. As a result of the underlying company’s performance and bankruptcy filing in the third quarter of 2014, however, we determined that it was more appropriate to measure the fair value of our debt investment through an enterprise value analysis. This resulted in a lower valuation as of December 31, 2014. In addition, on June 30, 2014, the Investment Funds made a distribution-in-kind of this corporate debt investment in the amount of $110 million to the Holding Company. Other Segments and Holding Company The following table summarizes the valuation of our Automotive and Energy segments and our Holding Company investments and derivative contracts by the above fair value hierarchy levels as of December 31, 2014 and 2013:
| December 31, 2014 |  | December 31, 2013
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Assets | (in millions)
Marketable equity and debt securities | $ | 75 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | 75 |  |  | $ | 153 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1 |
Trading securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | 55 |  |  | 55 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 116 |  |  | 116 |
Derivative contracts, at fair value(1) | — |  |  | 47 |  |  | — |  |  | 47 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
| $ | 75 |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | 130 |  |  | $ | 255 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 116 |  |  | $ | 118 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other liabilities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16 |
Derivative contracts, at fair value(2) | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 35 |  |  | — |  |  | 35 |
| $ | — |  |  | $ | 52 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 52 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 51 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 51 |
(1) | Amounts are classified within other assets in our consolidated balance sheets.
(2) | Amounts are classified within accrued expenses and other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets.
The changes in trading securities measured at fair value for which our Holding Company have used Level 3 input to determine fair value are as follows:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013
| (in millions)
Balance at January 1 | $ | 116 |  |  | $ | 81 |
Purchases | — |  |  | 67 |
Distribution-in-kind | 110 |  |  | — |
Gross realized and unrealized losses | (96 | ) |  | (32 | )
Balance at December 31 | $ | 130 |  |  | $ | 116 |
Unrealized losses of $96 million are included in earnings related to Level 3 investments still held at December 31, 2013 by our Holding Company. Total realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded for Level 3 investments are reported in net gain (loss) from investment activities in our consolidated statements of operations. As discussed above, on June 30, 2014, the Investment Funds made a distribution-in-kind of a certain Level 3 corporate debt investment in the amount of $110 million to the Holding Company. The fair value of this investment was determined through an enterprise value analysis as of December 31, 2014. In addition, as of December 31, 2014, the Holding Company held a certain security which lacked observable market data due to limited market activity for that security, and accordingly, was valued based on trading EBITDA multiples and enterprise value to resource ratios of market comparables. Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 are set forth in the table below:
|  | December 31, 2014 |  | December 31, 2013
|  | Level 3 |  | Recognized |  | Level 3 |  | Recognized
Category |  | Asset |  | Loss |  | Asset |  | Loss
|  | (in millions)
Property, plant and equipment |  | $ | 53 |  |  | $ | 27 |  |  | $ | 74 |  |  | $ | 16 |
Equity method investments |  | 10 |  |  | 5 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Goodwill |  | 827 |  |  | 103 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
We determined the fair value of property, plant and equipment by applying probability weighted, expected present value techniques to the estimated future cash flows using assumptions a market participant would utilize and through the use of valuation specialists. The fair value of goodwill is based on our preliminary goodwill impairment analysis for our Energy segment as of December 1, 2014. The fair values were determined based upon consideration of various valuation methodologies, including projected cash flows discounted at rates commensurate with the risks involved, guideline transaction multiples, and multiples of current and future earnings. Refer to Note 8, "Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net," for further discussion relating to our goodwill impairment analysis. The following table presents our Automotive segment's defined benefit plan assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2014 and 2013:
| December 31, 2014 |  | December 31, 2013
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
| (in millions)
U.S. Plans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash | $ | 44 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 44 |  |  | $ | 33 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 33 |
Investments with registered investment companies: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity securities | 314 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 314 |  |  | 347 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 347 |
Fixed income securities | 166 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 166 |  |  | 135 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 135 |
Real estate and other | 25 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 25 |  |  | 23 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 23 |
Equity securities | 231 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 231 |  |  | 242 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 242 |
Fixed income collective trust | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate and other | — |  |  | 21 |  |  | — |  |  | 21 |  |  | — |  |  | 22 |  |  | — |  |  | 22 |
Government | 16 |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | 20 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | 22 |
Hedge funds | — |  |  | — |  |  | 91 |  |  | 91 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 85 |  |  | 85 |
| $ | 796 |  |  | $ | 25 |  |  | $ | 91 |  |  | $ | 912 |  |  | $ | 794 |  |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 85 |  |  | $ | 909 |
Non-U.S. Plans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Insurance contracts | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 44 |  |  | $ | 44 |
Investments with registered investment companies: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed income securities | 10 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10 |  |  | 7 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |
Equity securities | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |
Corporate bonds | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |
| $ | 11 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | 54 |  |  | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 44 |  |  | $ | 55 |
The changes in U.S. and Non-U.S. plan assets measured at fair value for which our Automotive segment has used Level 3 input to determine fair value are as follows:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013
| (in millions)
U.S. Plans: |  |  |
Hedge funds: |  |  |
Balance at January 1 | $ | 85 |  |  | $ | 14 |
Realized/unrealized gains (losses), net | 6 |  |  | 11 |
Purchases and settlements, net | 47 |  |  | 83 |
Sales, net | (47 | ) |  | (23 | )
Balance at December 31 | $ | 91 |  |  | $ | 85 |
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013
| (in millions)
Non-U.S. Plans: |  |  |
Insurance contracts: |  |  |
Balance at January 1 | $ | 44 |  |  | $ | 42 |
Realized and unrealized gains, net | 2 |  |  | 1 |
Purchases and settlements, net | 6 |  |  | 6 |
Proceeds | (5 | ) |  | (6 | )
Foreign currency exchange rate movements | (6 | ) |  | 1 |
Balance at December 31 | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | 44 |
U.S. Plans As of December 31, 2014, plan assets were comprised of 60% equity investments, 23% fixed income investments, and 17% in other investments which include hedge funds. Approximately 76% of the U.S. plan assets were invested in actively managed investment funds. Federal-Mogul's investment strategy includes a target asset allocation of 50% equity investments, 25% fixed income investments and 25% in other investment types including hedge funds. Investments with registered investment companies, common and preferred stocks, and government debt securities are valued at the closing price reported on the active market on which the funds are traded. Corporate debt securities are valued by third-party pricing sources. Hedge funds and collective trusts are valued at net asset value per share. Non-U.S. Plans The insurance contracts guarantee a minimum rate of return. Federal-Mogul has no input into the investment strategy of the assets underlying the contracts, but they are typically heavily invested in active bond markets and are highly regulated by local law. The following table presents our Food Packaging and Railcar segment's defined benefit plan assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2014 and 2013:
| December 31, 2014 |  | December 31, 2013
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
| (in millions)
U.S. and Non-U.S. Plans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Asset category: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5 |
Equity securities | 55 |  |  | 28 |  |  | — |  |  | 83 |  |  | 66 |  |  | 15 |  |  | — |  |  | 81 |
Fixed income securities | 22 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 23 |  |  | 21 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 22 |
Other | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | 21 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | 21 |  |  | 27 |
| $ | 88 |  |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 21 |  |  | $ | 139 |  |  | $ | 97 |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 21 |  |  | $ | 135 |
The changes in U.S. and Non-U.S. plan assets measured at fair value for which our Food Packaging and Railcar segments have used Level 3 input to determine fair value are as follows:
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013
| (in millions)
U.S. and Non-U.S. Plans: |  |  |
Balance at January 1 | $ | 21 |  |  | $ | 30 |
Realized and unrealized gains, net | 1 |  |  | 3 |
Purchases and settlements, net | (1 | ) |  | (12 | )
Balance at December 31 | $ | 21 |  |  | $ | 21 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35750535&loc=d3e13537-108611 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 10 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35750535&loc=d3e13433-108611 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 28 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6957238&loc=d3e14064-108612 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=36462937&loc=d3e19207-110258 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 30 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6957238&loc=d3e14172-108612 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 825 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 16 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=35750535&loc=d3e13504-108611 + Details
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