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Stockholders' Equity and Stock-Based Compensation | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2016
Stockholders' Equity and Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract] |
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AND STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION | STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AND STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION In August 2015, the Company's Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program of up to an aggregate of $100.0 million of the Company's Common Stock depending on market conditions. The repurchases may be made from time to time on the open market at prevailing market prices or in negotiated transactions off the market. Repurchases may occur over the 24 month period ending in August 2017, unless extended or shortened by the Board of Directors. As of December 31, 2016, the Company has approximately $89.1 million remaining under the share repurchase program approved in August 2015. On May 8, 2012, the shareholders approved the Company's 2012 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2012 Omnibus Plan”). The 2012 Omnibus Plan replaced the Company's 2004 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2004 Omnibus Plan”) for future grants. Under the 2012 Omnibus Plan, the Company can grant stock options, stock appreciation rights, non-vested and restricted stock (including performance stock), restricted stock units (including performance units), other stock-based awards, non-employee director awards, dividend equivalents and cash-based awards. There are up to 11,066,544 common shares available under the 2012 Omnibus Plan which may be granted to participants in any plan year (as such term is defined in the 2012 Omnibus Plan). Some of those shares are subject to outstanding awards as detailed in the tables below. To the extent these outstanding awards are forfeited or expire without exercise, the shares will be returned to and available for future grants under the 2012 Omnibus Plan. The 2012 Omnibus Plan’s purpose is to attract, retain and motivate employees, directors and third party service providers of the Company and to encourage them to have a financial interest in the Company. The 2012 Omnibus Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee (the “Committee”) of the Board of Directors. The Committee has the authority to select plan participants, grant awards, and determine the terms and conditions of such awards as provided in the 2012 Omnibus Plan. The Committee has adopted an executive compensation program that includes a long-term incentive component (the “LTIP”) for the Company's key employees, as a subplan under the terms of the 2012 Omnibus Plan. The principal purpose of the LTIP is to encourage the Company's executives to enhance the value of the Company and, hence, the price of the Company’s stock and the stockholders' return. In addition, the LTIP is designed to create retention incentives for the individual and to provide an opportunity for increased equity ownership by executives. At December 31, 2016, the number of common shares available for issuance under the 2012 Omnibus Plan was 4,566,505. For fiscal 2015 and 2014, the Committee awarded dollar value performance based restricted stock and stock option opportunities under the LTIP to certain of the Company's key employees, including the Chief Executive Officer and other executive officers, and such restricted stock and stock options were issued only if predetermined financial objectives were met by the Company. The Company met the financial objectives for fiscal 2015 and fiscal 2014 and those shares and options were issued in accordance with the terms of the LTIP. Beginning in fiscal 2016, a shift was made in the LTIP from backward-looking performance-based restricted stock and stock options to a combination of (i) annual, overlapping grants of performance share units (“PSUs”) tied to a three-year, forward-looking performance metric and (ii) annual stock option grants that vest 33.33% on the first, second and third anniversaries of grant; provided that a small portion of fiscal 2016 LTIP value was granted as one-time, non-incremental transition PSUs to facilitate the switch to a forward-looking program, with these grants tied to a two-year, forward-looking performance metric. See “Stock Option Awards” and “Fiscal 2016 LTIP PSU Awards” below for more information regarding the stock options and PSU awards, respectively, under the 2016 LTIP. The following is a summary of stock-based compensation awards granted during the years ended December 31, 2016, January 2, 2016 and January 3, 2015. Stock Option Awards. Stock options to purchase Darling common shares are granted by the Committee to certain of the Company's employees as part of the Company's LTIP under the 2012 Omnibus Plan. For the options granted under the fiscal 2015 LTIP and fiscal 2014 LTIP, the exercise price was equal to the market value of Darling common shares on the close of the trading day immediately preceding the grant date, and such options vest 25 percent upon grant and 25 percent each of the first three anniversary dates of the grant thereafter. The Company met the requisite performance measure under the 2015 LTIP, accordingly, in accordance with the terms of the 2015 LTIP, the Company granted 452,878 stock options to participants on March 7, 2016. For the options granted under the fiscal 2016 LTIP, the exercise price was equal to the closing price of Darling common shares on the date of grant, which was February 25, 2016, and such options vest 33.33% on the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant. The Company granted 1,094,306 stock options under the 2016 LTIP. During fiscal 2016, 2015 and 2014 only nonqualified stock options were issued and none of the options were incentive stock options. The Company’s stock options granted under the 2012 Omnibus Plan generally terminate 10 years after date of grant. A summary of all stock option activity as of December 31, 2016 and changes during the year ended is as follows:
| Number of shares |  | Weighted-avg. exercise price per share |  | Weighted-avg. remaining contractual life
Options outstanding at December 28, 2013 | 906,251 |  |  | $ | 9.97 |  |  | 5.0 years
Granted | 163,078 |  |  | 19.94 |  |  |
Exercised | (343,550 | ) |  | 6.18 |  |  |
Forfeited | (29,603 | ) |  | 16.89 |  |  |
Expired | — |  |  | — |  |  |
Options outstanding at January 3, 2015 | 696,176 |  |  | 13.88 |  |  | 6.2 years
Granted | 422,386 |  |  | 14.76 |  |  |
Exercised | (131,653 | ) |  | 4.13 |  |  |
Forfeited | (136,177 | ) |  | 16.68 |  |  |
Expired | — |  |  | — |  |  |
Options outstanding at January 2, 2016 | 850,732 |  |  | 15.38 |  |  | 7.7 years
Granted | 1,547,184 |  |  | 9.53 |  |  |
Exercised | (28,000 | ) |  | 6.71 |  |  |
Forfeited | (4,000 | ) |  | 16.20 |  |  |
Expired | — |  |  | — |  |  |
Options outstanding at December 31, 2016 | 2,365,916 |  |  | $ | 11.65 |  |  | 8.4 years
Options exercisable at December 31, 2016 | 715,833 |  |  | $ | 15.18 |  |  | 6.8 years
The fair value of each stock option grant under the Company's stock option plan was estimated on the date of grant using the Black Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions and results for fiscal 2016, 2015 and 2014.
Weighted Average |  | 2016 | 2015 | 2014
Expected dividend yield |  | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0%
Risk-free interest rate |  | 1.35% | 1.82% | 1.77%
Expected term |  | 5.76 years | 5.75 years | 5.75 years
Expected volatility |  | 34.4% | 38.0% | 43.7%
Fair value of options granted |  | $3.34 | $5.59 | $8.93
The expected lives for options granted during fiscal 2016, 2015 and 2014 were computed using the simplified method since the current option plans historical exercise data has not provided a reasonable basis for estimating the expected term for the current option grants. At December 31, 2016, $13.6 million of total future equity-based compensation expense (determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and Monte Carlo model for non-vested stock grants with performance based incentives) related to outstanding non-vested options and stock awards is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.4 years. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the amount of cash received from the exercise of options was approximately $0.2 million and the related tax benefit was less than $0.1 million. For the year ended January 2, 2016, the amount of cash received from the exercise of options was approximately $0.2 million and the related tax benefit was approximately $0.4 million. For the year ended January 3, 2015 the amount of cash received from the exercise of options was approximately $0.4 million and the related tax benefits were approximately $1.2 million. The total intrinsic value of options exercised for the years ended December 31, 2016, January 2, 2016 and January 3, 2015 was approximately $0.2 million, $1.4 million and $4.5 million, respectively. The fair value of shares vested for the years ended December 31, 2016, January 2, 2016 and January 3, 2015 was approximately $8.3 million, $7.5 million and $19.6 million, respectively. At December 31, 2016, the aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding was approximately $5.4 million and the aggregate intrinsic value of options exercisable was approximately $0.3 million. Non-Vested Stock, Restricted Stock Unit and Performance Share Unit Awards. The Company has in the past granted non-vested stock and restricted stock unit (RSU) awards to certain of the Company's employees as part of the LTIP under the 2012 Omnibus Plan, and beginning in 2016, the Company grants performance share unit awards as part of the LTIP. In addition, the Company has granted performance share unit awards, individual non-vested stock and RSU awards to key employees from time to time at the discretion of the Committee. Non-vested stock is generally granted to U.S. based employees, and generally vests 25 percent upon grant and 25 percent each of the first three anniversary dates of the grant thereafter. RSUs are generally granted to foreign based employees, with each RSU equivalent to one share of common stock and payable upon vesting in an equivalent number of shares of Darling common stock. Generally, all RSU awards vest 25 percent upon grant and 25 percent each of the first three anniversary dates of the grant thereafter. Generally, upon termination of employment (voluntary or with cause), non-vested stock, RSUs and discretionary performance share awards that have not vested are forfeited. Upon, death, disability or qualifying retirement, a pro-rata portion of the unvested non-vested and RSU awards will vest and be payable. Under the 2015 LTIP, the Company met the requisite performance measure, accordingly, in accordance with the 2015 LTIP, the Company granted 454,916 shares of nonvested stock and 147,390 restricted stock units in the first quarter of fiscal 2016. In connection with the closing of the VION Acquisition, in January 2014, the Company made awards of Performance Share Units (“2014 PSUs”) and common stock under the Company’s 2012 Omnibus Plan to certain of the Company’s key employees selected by the Committee. The awards covered an aggregate of 975,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. For North American-based executives, each award was in the form of 2014 PSUs for a specified number of shares of common stock of the Company. For European-based executives, each award was in the form of a combination of fully vested shares (representing 25% of the total award given to the European-based executives), and 2014 PSUs for a specified number of shares common stock of the Company (representing the other 75% of the award). On January 7, 2014, the Company issued 118,750 fully vested shares that were granted to the European-based executives. the 2014 PSUs were to vest in three equal installments on the first, second and third anniversaries of the closing of the VION Acquisition based on attainment of specified levels of adjusted EBITDA for the Company and/or Darling Ingredients International for fiscal years 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively. If the target level of adjusted EBITDA for the fiscal year for both the Company and/or Darling Ingredients International was not achieved (subject to a near miss provision contained in the award agreements that provides for a portion of the shares to be paid out under certain circumstances), the installment for the related vesting date was forfeited. The performance target was achieved for 2014, and accordingly a total of 252,087 shares were paid out to the participants in March 2015; however, the requisite performance targets were not achieved for 2015 and 2016, so therefore the final two installments of the 2014 PSUs award were forfeited by each of the participants in the first quarter of fiscal 2016 and fiscal 2017 after it was determined that the performance targets for 2015 and 2016 were not achieved. A summary of the Company’s non-vested stock, restricted stock unit and performance share unit awards as of December 31, 2016, and changes during the year ended is as follows:
| Non-Vested, RSU and PSU Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Stock awards outstanding December 28, 2013 | 821,207 |  |  | $ | 14.93 |
Shares granted | 1,436,658 |  |  | 20.73 |
Shares vested | (861,772 | ) |  | 16.43 |
Shares forfeited | (138,920 | ) |  | 19.90 |
Stock awards outstanding January 3, 2015 | 1,257,173 |  |  | 19.98 |
Shares granted | 524,225 |  |  | 14.47 |
Shares vested | (714,626 | ) |  | 17.91 |
Shares forfeited | (32,581 | ) |  | 19.65 |
Stock awards outstanding January 2, 2016 | 1,034,191 |  |  | 18.63 |
Shares granted | 602,306 |  |  | 12.11 |
Shares vested | (413,654 | ) |  | 15.11 |
Shares forfeited | (241,582 | ) |  | 20.86 |
Stock awards outstanding December 31, 2016 | 981,261 |  |  | $ | 15.56 |
Fiscal 2016 LTIP PSU Awards. On February 25, 2016, the Committee granted 664,120 PSUs under the Company's 2016 LTIP, 511,120 of which are tied to a three-year, forward-looking performance metric and 153,000 of which are tied to a two-year forward-looking performance metric, with the earned award to be determined in the first quarter of fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2019, respectively, after the final results for the relevant performance period are determined. The PSUs were granted at target level; however, actual awards may vary between 0% and 225% of the target number of PSUs, depending on the performance level achieved. In addition, the number of PSUs earned may be reduced (up to 30%) or increased (capped at the maximum payout) based on the Company's total shareholder return (TSR) over the performance period. In addition, certain of the PSUs have a two-year holding requirement after vesting before the PSUs are settled in shares of the Company's Common Stock. The fair value of each 2016 LTIP PSU award under the Company's 2016 LTIP was estimated on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo model with the following weighted average assumptions for fiscal 2016, except for the illiquidity discount, which only pertains to the 2016 LTIP PSU's with a holding period requirement.
Weighted Average |  | 2016
Expected dividend yield |  | 0.0%
Risk-free interest rate |  | 0.80%
Expected term |  | 2.62 years
Expected volatility |  | 29.3%
Illiquidity discount |  | 16.1%
A summary of the Company’s 2016 LTIP PSU awards as of December 31, 2016, and changes during the year ended is as follows:
| LTIP PSU Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
LTIP PSU awards outstanding January 2, 2016 | — |  |  | $ | — |
Granted | 664,120 |  |  | 7.17 |
Vested | — |  |  | — |
Forfeited | — |  |  | — |
LTIP PSU awards outstanding December 31, 2016 | 664,120 |  |  | $ | 7.17 |
Nonemployee Director Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Unit Awards. On February 24, 2011, the Company's Board of Directors approved an Amended and Restated Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Award Plan (the “Director Restricted Stock Plan”) pursuant to and in accordance with the 2004 Omnibus Plan in order to attract and retain highly qualified persons to serve as non-employee directors and to more closely align such directors' interests with the interests of the stockholders of the Company by providing a portion of their compensation in the form of Company common stock. Under the Director Restricted Stock Plan, $60,000 in restricted Company common stock was awarded to each non-employee director on the fourth business day after the Company released its earnings for its prior completed fiscal year (the “Date of Award”). The amount of restricted stock to be issued was calculated using the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the third business day after the Company released its earnings. The restricted stock was subject to a right of repurchase at $0.01 per share upon termination of the holder as a member of the Company's board of directors for cause and was not transferable. These restrictions lapse with respect to 100% of the restricted stock upon the earliest to occur of (i) 10 years after the date of award, (ii) a Change of Control (as defined in the 2004 Omnibus Plan), and (iii) termination of the non-employee director's service with the Company, other than for “cause” (as defined in the Director Restricted Stock Plan). Beginning in fiscal 2014, the Board discontinued grants to non-employee directors under the Director Restricted Stock Plan described above, and in lieu thereof, as an additional element of annual non-employee director compensation, pursuant to the 2012 Omnibus Plan, each non-employee director now receives $90,000 of restricted stock units immediately following the Company’s annual meeting of stockholders at which such directors are elected. The number of restricted stock units to be issued is calculated using the closing price of the Company’s stock on the date of its annual meeting. The award vests (and is no longer subject to forfeiture) on the first to occur of (i) the first anniversary of the grant date, (ii) the date of the annual shareholders meeting next following the grant date, (iii) the grantee’s separation from service as a result of death or disability, or (iv) a change of control. The award will become "payable" in shares of the Company’s stock in a single lump sum payment as soon as possible following a grantee’s separation from service, subject to a grantee’s right to elect a deferral under certain circumstances. If a grantee ceases to be a director for any reason other than death or disability prior to vesting, the grantee will receive a prorated amount of the award up to the date of separation. A summary of the Company’s non-employee director restricted stock awards as of December 31, 2016, and changes during the year ended is as follows:
| Restricted stock and Restricted Stock Unit Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Stock awards outstanding December 28, 2013 | 130,238 |  |  | $ | 10.75 |
Restricted shares granted | 25,678 |  |  | 19.67 |
Restricted shares where the restriction lapsed | — |  |  | — |
Restricted shares forfeited | — |  |  | — |
Stock awards outstanding January 3, 2015 | 155,916 |  |  | 12.22 |
Restricted shares granted | 46,910 |  |  | 13.80 |
Restricted shares where the restriction lapsed | (50,322 | ) |  | 12.25 |
Restricted shares forfeited | — |  |  | — |
Stock awards outstanding January 2, 2016 | 152,504 |  |  | 12.69 |
Restricted shares granted | 43,421 |  |  | 14.51 |
Restricted shares where the restriction lapsed | (81,031 | ) |  | 11.55 |
Restricted shares forfeited | (3,535 | ) |  | 14.51 |
Stock awards outstanding December 31, 2016 | 111,359 |  |  | $ | 14.18 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 310 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 4 -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27010918&loc=d3e74567-122707 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21484-112644 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 210 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 5 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21488-112644 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(e)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=26873400&loc=d3e23780-122690 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 210 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 4 -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.C) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27012166&loc=d3e187143-122770 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 210 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6877327&loc=d3e13212-122682 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 6 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21506-112644 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(d)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=26873400&loc=d3e23780-122690 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27012166&loc=d3e187085-122770 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 30 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6405834&loc=d3e23285-112656 Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21475-112644 Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Glossary Preferred Stock -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6521494 Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21463-112644 Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 11 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6928386&loc=d3e21564-112644 + Details
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