Derivatives

The Company’s operations are exposed to market risks relating to commodity prices that affect the Company’s cost of raw materials, finished product prices and energy costs and the risk of changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates.

The Company makes limited use of derivative instruments to manage cash flow risks related to natural gas usage, diesel fuel usage, inventory, forecasted sales and foreign currency exchange rates. The Company does not use derivative instruments for trading purposes. Natural gas swaps and options are entered into with the intent of managing the overall cost of natural gas usage by reducing the potential impact of seasonal weather demands on natural gas that increases natural gas prices. Heating oil swaps and options are entered into with the intent of managing the overall cost of diesel fuel usage by reducing the potential impact of seasonal weather demands on diesel fuel that increases diesel fuel prices. Soybean meal options are entered into with the intent of managing the impact of changing prices for poultry meal sales. Corn options and future contracts are entered into with the intent of managing U.S. forecasted sales of bakery by-products (“BBP”) by reducing the impact of changing prices. Foreign currency forward contracts are entered into to mitigate the foreign exchange rate risk for transactions designated in a currency other than the local functional currency. At March 31, 2018, the Company had corn option contracts and soybean meal option contracts outstanding that qualified and were designated for hedge accounting as well as corn option and forward contracts, foreign currency forward contracts that did not qualify and were not designated for hedge accounting.

Entities are required to report all derivative instruments in the statement of financial position at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value (i.e., gains or losses) of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship and, if so, on the reason for holding the instrument. If certain conditions are met, entities may elect to designate a derivative instrument as a hedge of exposures to changes in fair value, cash flows or foreign currencies. If the hedged exposure is a cash flow exposure, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported initially as a component of other comprehensive income (outside of earnings) and is subsequently reclassified into earnings when the forecasted transaction affects earnings. Any amounts excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness, as well as the ineffective portion of the gain or loss, are reported in earnings immediately. If the derivative instrument is not designated as a hedge, the gain or loss is recognized in earnings in the period of change.

Cash Flow Hedges

In the first three months of fiscal 2018, the Company entered into soybean meal option contracts that are considered cash flow hedges. Under the terms of the soybean meal option contracts, the Company hedged a portion of its forecasted poultry meal sales into the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018. As of March 31, 2018, the contract positions and activity are disclosed below.

In fiscal 2017, the Company entered into natural gas swap contracts that are considered cash flow hedges. Under the terms of the natural gas swap contracts, the Company fixed the expected purchase cost of a portion of its U.S. plants' forecasted natural gas usage into the first quarter of fiscal 2018. As of March 31, 2018, the contracts have expired and settled according to the contracts.

In fiscal 2017 and the first three months of fiscal 2018, the Company entered into corn option contracts on the Chicago Board of Trade that are designated as cash flow hedges. Under the terms of the corn option contracts, the Company hedged a portion of its U.S. forecasted sales of BBP into the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018. As of March 31, 2018, some of the contracts have been settled while the remaining contract positions and activity are disclosed below. From time to time, the Company may enter into corn option contracts in the future.

As of March 31, 2018, the Company had the following outstanding forward contract amounts that were entered into to hedge the future payments of intercompany note transactions, foreign currency transactions in currencies other than the functional currency and forecasted transactions in currencies other than the functional currency. All of these transactions are currently not designated for hedge accounting (in thousands):



Functional Currency		Contract Currency
Type	Amount	Type	Amount
Brazilian real	45,094	Euro	11,210
Brazilian real	74,534	U.S. dollar	22,735
Euro	76,963	U.S. dollar	95,421
Euro	7,627	Polish zloty	32,280
Euro	5,772	Japanese yen	763,515
Euro	86,745	Chinese renminbi	680,847
Euro	11,573	Australian dollar	18,600
Euro	3,001	British pound	2,642
Polish zloty	70,770	Euro	16,740
British pound	184	Euro	161
British pound	49	U.S. dollar	70
Japanese yen	371,342	U.S. dollar	3,375

The Company estimates the amount that will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive gain at March 31, 2018 into earnings over the next 12 months will be approximately $0.1 million. As of March 31, 2018, no amounts have been reclassified into earnings as a result of the discontinuance of cash flow hedges.

The following table presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments under FASB authoritative guidance as of March 31, 2018 and December 30, 2017 (in thousands):



Derivatives Designated	Balance Sheet	Asset Derivatives Fair Value
as Hedges	Location	March 31, 2018		December 30, 2017
Corn options	Other current assets	$	282	$	3,418

Total asset derivatives designated as hedges		$	282	$	3,418

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges
Foreign currency contracts	Other current assets	$	585	$	332
Corn options and futures	Other current assets	185		596

Total asset derivatives not designated as hedges		$	770	$	928

Total asset derivatives		$	1,052	$	4,346



Derivatives Designated	Balance Sheet	Liability Derivatives Fair Value
as Hedges	Location	March 31, 2018		December 30, 2017
Corn options	Accrued expenses	$	278	$	—
Natural gas swaps	Accrued expenses	—		24
Soybean meal options	Accrued expenses	194		—

Total liability derivatives designated as hedges		$	472	$	24

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges
Foreign currency contracts	Accrued expenses	$	1,977	$	2,288
Corn options and futures	Accrued expenses	316		14

Total liability derivatives not designated as hedges		$	2,293	$	2,302

Total liability derivatives		$	2,765	$	2,326

The effect of the Company’s derivative instruments on the consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and April 1, 2017 is as follows (in thousands):



Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedges	Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (“OCI”) on Derivatives (Effective Portion) (a)						Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income (Effective Portion) (b)					Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivatives (Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing) (c)
	2018			2017			2018			2017		2018			2017
Corn options	$	(1,497	)	$	(615	)	$	668		$	1,185	$	(1,123	)	$	88
Natural gas swaps	16			—			(14		)	—		25			—
Soybean meal options	—			—			—			—		(648		)	—

Total	$	(1,481	)	$	(615	)	$	654		$	1,185	$	(1,746	)	$	88


(a)	Amount recognized in accumulated OCI (effective portion) is reported as accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) of approximately $(1.5) million and $(0.6) million recorded net of taxes of approximately $0.4 million and $0.2 million as of March 31, 2018 and April 1, 2017, respectively.


(b)	Gains and (losses) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (effective portion) for corn options and natural gas swaps are included in cost of sales, respectively, in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.


(c)	Gains and (losses) recognized in income on derivatives (ineffective portion) for corn options, natural gas swaps and soybean meal options are included in other income/ (expense), net in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

The table below summarizes the effect of derivatives not designated as hedges on the Company's consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and April 1, 2017 (in thousands):



		Loss or (Gain) Recognized in Income on Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges
		Three Months Ended
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments	Location	March 31, 2018			April 1, 2017

Foreign Exchange	Foreign currency loss/(gain)	$	1,654		$	3,146
Foreign Exchange	Selling, general and administrative expense	489			(1,481		)
Corn options and futures	Net sales	(309		)	(22		)
Corn options and futures	Cost of sales and operating expenses	512			270
Soybean Meal	Net sales	—			(272		)
Soybean Oil	Net sales	—			45
Total		$	2,346		$	1,686

At March 31, 2018, the Company had forward purchase agreements in place for purchases of approximately $31.6 million of natural gas and diesel fuel. These forward purchase agreements have no net settlement provisions and the Company intends to take physical delivery of the underlying product. Accordingly, the forward purchase agreements are not subject to the requirements of fair value accounting because they qualify and the Company has elected to account for these as normal purchases as defined in the FASB authoritative guidance.