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Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Jul. 31, 2021
Notes to Financial Statements |
Business Description and Basis of Presentation [Text Block] | NOTE 2: SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and are presented in United States dollars. All inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation. Exploration Stage We have established the existence of mineralized materials for certain uranium projects, including the Palangana Mine. We have not established proven or probable reserves, as defined by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under Industry Guide 7, through the completion of a “final” or “bankable” feasibility study for any of our uranium projects, including the Palangana Mine. Furthermore, we have no plans to establish proven or probable reserves for any of our uranium projects for which we plan on utilizing in-situ recovery (“ISR”) mining, such as the Palangana Mine. As a result, and despite the fact that we commenced extraction of mineralized materials at the Palangana Mine in November 2010, we remain in the Exploration Stage as defined by the SEC and will continue to remain in the Exploration Stage until such time proven or probable reserves have been established. Beginning with our annual report on Form 10 -K for the year ending July 31, 2022, we will report our mineral holdings in accordance with the SEC's Subpart 1300 of Regulation S-K. Since we commenced extraction of mineralized materials at the Palangana Mine without having established proven or probable reserves, any mineralized materials established or extracted from the Palangana Mine should not in any way be associated with having established or produced from proven or probable reserves. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, expenditures relating to the acquisition of mineral rights are initially capitalized as incurred while exploration and pre-extraction expenditures are expensed as incurred until such time as we exit the Exploration Stage by establishing proven or probable reserves. Expenditures relating to exploration activities, such as drill programs to establish mineralized materials, are expensed as incurred. Expenditures relating to pre-extraction activities, such as the construction of mine wellfields, ion exchange facilities and disposal wells, are expensed as incurred until such time proven or probable reserves are established for that project, after which expenditures relating to mine development activities for that particular project are capitalized as incurred. Companies in the Production Stage as defined by the SEC, having established proven and probable reserves and exited the Exploration Stage, typically capitalize expenditures relating to ongoing development activities, with corresponding depletion calculated over proven and probable reserves using the units-of-production method and allocated to future reporting periods to inventory and, as that inventory is sold, to cost of goods sold. We are in the Exploration Stage which has resulted in our Company reporting larger losses than if it had been in the Production Stage due to the expensing, instead of capitalization, of expenditures relating to ongoing mine development activities. Additionally, there would be no corresponding depletion allocated to future reporting periods of our Company since those costs would have been expensed previously, resulting in both lower inventory costs and cost of goods sold and results of operations with higher gross profits and lower losses than if we had been in the Production Stage. Any capitalized costs, such as expenditures relating to the acquisition of mineral rights, are depleted over the estimated extraction life using the straight-line method. As a result, our consolidated financial statements may not be directly comparable to the financial statements of companies in the Production Stage. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make judgement, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported revenues and expenses during the reported periods. Significant areas requiring management's judgement, estimates and assumptions include valuation and measurement of impairment losses on mineral rights and properties, valuation of stock-based compensation and asset retirement obligations. Other areas requiring estimates include allocations of expenditures to inventories, depletion and amortization of mineral rights and properties and depreciation of property, plant and equipment. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates and assumptions. Foreign Currency Translation The functional currency of our Company, including its subsidiaries, is the United States dollar. Our subsidiaries, UEC Resources Ltd., UEC Resources (SK) Ltd. and Cue Resources Ltd., maintain their accounting records in their local currency, the Canadian dollar. Piedra Rica Mining S.A., Transandes Paraguay S.A., Metalicos Y No Metalicos S.R.L., and Trier S.A. maintain their accounting records in their local currency, the Paraguayan Guarani. In accordance with ASC 830: Foreign Currency Matters, the financial statements of our subsidiaries are translated into United States dollars using period-end exchange rates as to monetary assets and liabilities and average exchange rates as to revenues and expenses. Non-monetary assets are translated at their historical exchange rates. Net gains and losses resulting from foreign exchange translations and foreign currency exchange gains and losses on transactions occurring in a currency other than our Company's functional currency are included in the determination of net loss in the period. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash balances and term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less. Term Deposits Term deposits include short-term deposits held with banks with maturities from three months to one year from the date of the initial investments. Term deposits are classified as available-for-sale investments as they represent investments of cash available for current operations. Change in fair value of the available-for-sale investments are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss). Fair Value Measurement Fair value accounting establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:
| ● | Level 1 Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical unrestricted assets or liabilities;
| ● | Level 2 Quoted prices in markets that are not active, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant inputs are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and
| ● | Level 3 Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (supported by little or no market activity).
The financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, term deposits, restricted cash, accounts payable and accrued liabilities and due to related party amounts, are carried at cost, which approximate their fair values due to the immediate or short-term maturity. Other loans payable and long-term debt are carried at amortized costs which approximate their respective fair values. Inventories Inventories are comprised of supplies, work-in-progress and uranium concentrates (“U 3 O 8 ”) from production and purchased uranium concentrates from the market. Expenditures related to the extraction and processing of uranium concentrates and depreciation and depletion charges of extraction and processing plant and equipment are capitalized as work-in-progress and uranium concentrates from production. Costs of purchased uranium concentrates include purchase price and other direct costs incurred during the purchase process. Inventories are carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value and are charged to cost of sales using the average costing method. Equity-Accounted Investments Investments in an entity in which our ownership is greater than 20% but less than 50%, or where other facts and circumstances indicate that we have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financing policies of an entity, are accounted for using the equity method in accordance with ASC 323: Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures. Equity-Accounted Investments are recorded initially at cost and adjusted subsequently to recognize our share of the earnings, losses or other changes in capital of the investee entity after the date of acquisition. We periodically evaluate whether declines in fair values of our equity investments below the carrying value are other-than-temporary, and if so, whether an impairment loss is required. Other Non-Current Assets Other non-current assets include future expenditures that we have paid in advance but will not receive benefits within one year. Expenses are recognized over the period the expenditures are used or the benefits from the expenditures are received. Transaction costs incurred in connection with acquisitions of long-term assets are also included in other non-current assets, which will be capitalized as acquisition costs if the transaction succeeds or will be written off if the transaction does not complete. Right-of-use (“ROU”) assets recognized in connection with recognition of lease liabilities are also included in Other Non-Current Assets. Mineral Rights Acquisition costs of mineral rights are initially capitalized as incurred while exploration and pre-extraction expenditures are expensed as incurred until such time proven or probable reserves, as defined by the SEC, are established for that project. Where proven and probable reserves have been established, the project's capitalized expenditures are depleted over proven and probable reserves using the units-of-production method upon commencement of production. Where proven and probable reserves have not been established, the project's capitalized expenditures are depleted over the estimated extraction life using the straight-line method upon commencement of extraction. We have not established proven or probable reserves for any of our projects. Databases Expenditures relating to mineral property databases are capitalized upon acquisition while those developed internally are expensed as incurred. Mineral property databases are amortized using the straight-line method over a five -year period during which management believes these assets will contribute to our cash flows. Databases are included in Mineral Rights and Properties in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated to their estimated residual values using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, as follows:
| ● | Hobson processing facility: 20 years;
| ● | Mining and logging equipment and vehicles: 5 to 10 years;
| ● | Computer equipment: 3 years;
| ● | Furniture and fixtures: 5 years; and
| ● | Buildings: 20 years.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Long-lived assets including mineral rights and property, plant and equipment are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Management applies judgment to assess whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable giving rise to the requirement to conduct an impairment test. Circumstances which could trigger an impairment test include, but are not limited to: significant decreases in the market price of the asset; significant adverse changes in the business climate or legal factors including significant decreases in uranium prices; significant increase in reclamation costs and accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition or construction of the asset; current period cash flow or operating losses combined with a history of losses or a forecast of continuing losses associated with the use of the asset; and current expectation that the asset will more likely than not be sold or disposed of significantly before the end of its estimated useful life. Recoverability of these assets is measured by comparing the carrying value to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. When the carrying value of an asset exceeds the related undiscounted cash flows, an impairment loss is recorded by writing down the carrying value of the related asset to its estimated fair value, which is determined using discounted future cash flows or other measures of fair value. Income Taxes We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities. We provide a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets unless it is more likely than not that such assets will be realized. Restoration and Remediation Costs (Asset Retirement Obligations) Various federal and state mining laws and regulations require our Company to reclaim the surface areas and restore underground water quality to the pre-existing quality or class of use after the completion of mining. We recognize the present value of the future restoration and remediation costs as an asset retirement obligation in the period in which we incur an obligation associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets that result from the acquisition, construction, development and/or normal use of the assets. Asset retirement obligations consist of estimated final well closure, plant and equipment decommissioning and removal and environmental remediation costs to be incurred by our Company in the future. The asset retirement obligation is estimated based on the current costs escalated at an inflation rate and discounted at a credit adjusted risk-free rate. The asset retirement obligations are capitalized as part of the costs of the underlying assets and amortized over its remaining useful life. The asset retirement obligations are accreted to an undiscounted value until they are settled. The accretion expenses are charged to earnings and the actual retirement costs are recorded against the asset retirement obligations when incurred. Any difference between the recorded asset retirement obligations and the actual retirement costs incurred will be recorded as a gain or loss in the period of settlement. Long-Term Debt Long-Term Debt is carried at amortized cost. Debt issuance costs, debt premiums and discounts and annual fees are included in the long-term debt balance and amortized using the effective interest rate over the contractual terms of the Long-Term Debt. Leases We determine if a contractual arrangement represents or contains a lease at inception. Operating leases with lease terms greater than 12 months are included in Other Non-Current Assets, Other Current Liabilities and Other Non-Current Liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheet. Assets under finance leases are included in Property, Plant and Equipment and the related lease liabilities in Other Current Liabilities and Other Non-Current Liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Operating and finance lease ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future lease payments over the lease term at the commencement date. When the rate implicit to the lease cannot be readily determined, we utilize the incremental borrowing rate in determining the present value of the future lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate is the rate of interest our Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term and the amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. The operating lease expenses are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and included in general and administration expenses. Short-term leases, which have an initial term of 12 months or less, are not recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We have leases arrangements that include both lease and non-lease components. We account for each separate lease component and its associated non-lease components as a single lease component for all of our asset classes. Stock-Based Compensation We measure stock-based awards at fair value on the date of the grant and expense the awards over the requisite service period of employees or consultants. The fair value of stock options is determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model. The fair value of restricted stock units (“RSU”s) is determined using the share price of the Company at the date of grant. The fair value of performance based restricted stock units (“PRSU”s) is determined using the Monte Carlo simulation model. Stock-based compensation expense related to stock option awards is recognized over the requisite service period on an accelerating basis. Forfeitures are accounted for as they occur. The Company's estimates may be impacted by certain variables including, but not limited to, stock price volatility, employee stock option exercise behaviors, additional stock option grants, the Company's performance and related tax impacts. Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share Basic earnings or loss per share includes no potential dilution and is computed by dividing the earnings or loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings or loss per share reflect the potential dilution of securities that could share in the earnings or loss of our Company. Since our Company has reported net losses since inception, all outstanding stock options, share purchase warrants, RSUs and PRSUs were excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share as their effects would be anti-dilutive.

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