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Income taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Schedule of Income before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign | The loss from operations before tax (expense) benefit consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014:
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Domestic |  | (61,446 | ) |  | (50,944 | ) |  | (46,501 | )
Foreign |  | (80,095 | ) |  | (119,018 | ) |  | (51,945 | )
Total |  | (141,541 | ) |  | (169,962 | ) |  | (98,446 | )
Components of Income Tax Provision | The Income Tax Provision consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014:
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Current: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Federal |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
U.S. State and Local |  | (2 | ) |  | (2 | ) |  | 4,890 |
Foreign |  | (766 | ) |  | (483 | ) |  | (197 | )
Deferred: |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Federal |  | 199 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
U.S. State and Local |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Foreign |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total Tax (Expense) Benefit |  | $ | (569 | ) |  | $ | (485 | ) |  | $ | 4,693 |
Schedule of reconciliation of the U.S. statutory income tax rate to the Company's effective tax rate | A reconciliation of the U.S. statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate is as follows:
|  | December 31,
|  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Federal income tax (benefit) at statutory rate |  | 34.00 | % |  | 34.00 | % |  | 34.00 | %
State income tax benefit, net of federal benefit |  | 3.05 |  |  | (0.43 | ) |  | (1.60 | )
Permanent differences |  | (3.70 | ) |  | (6.61 | ) |  | (0.93 | )
NOL IRC Section 382 Limitations |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (21.53 | )
Research and development |  | 16.66 |  |  | 19.50 |  |  | 3.78 |
Increase to valuation allowance |  | (30.72 | ) |  | (20.87 | ) |  | 9.17 |
Foreign tax rate differential |  | (19.84 | ) |  | (24.06 | ) |  | (18.14 | )
Benefit allocated from other comprehensive income |  | 0.14 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other |  | 0.01 |  |  | (1.82 | ) |  | 0.01 |
Effective income tax rate |  | (0.40 | )% |  | (0.29 | )% |  | 4.76 | %
Schedule of significant components of the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities | The significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows:
|  | 2016 |  | 2015
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
Accrued Expense |  | $ | 849 |  |  | $ | 848 |
Amortization |  | 46 |  |  | 57 |
Depreciation |  | 2,968 |  |  | 2,631 |
Federal tax credits |  | 74,475 |  |  | 50,850 |
State tax credits |  | 4,996 |  |  | 3,356 |
Federal net operating losses |  | 80,061 |  |  | 75,200 |
State net operating losses |  | 9,672 |  |  | 8,848 |
Capitalized research and development costs |  | 7,248 |  |  | 8,917 |
Other |  | 22,125 |  |  | 10,345 |
Total gross deferred tax assets |  | 202,440 |  |  | 161,052 |
Less valuation allowance |  | (183,015 | ) |  | (139,584 | )
Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance |  | $ | 19,425 |  |  | $ | 21,468 |
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Convertible debt |  | $ | (19,190 | ) |  | $ | (21,468 | )
Gain on marketable securities |  | $ | (235 | ) |  | $ | — |
Total gross deferred tax assets |  | (19,425 | ) |  | (21,468 | )
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=65882285&loc=d3e32639-109319 + Details
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