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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Components of Income Tax Expense |
| Years ended December 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
| (in thousands)
Income (loss) before taxes: |  |  |  |  |
United States operations | $ | (117,819) |  |  | $ | 42,833 |  |  | $ | 115,500 |
Foreign operations | 183,946 |  |  | 109,577 |  |  | 114,580 |
Income before taxes | $ | 66,127 |  |  | $ | 152,410 |  |  | $ | 230,080 |
Income tax expense (benefit): |  |  |  |  |
Currently payable |  |  |  |  |
United States federal | $ | 273 |  |  | $ | 21,893 |  |  | $ | 31,730 |
United States state and local | 91 |  |  | 3,090 |  |  | 3,912 |
Foreign | 11,511 |  |  | 13,859 |  |  | 16,968 |
| 11,875 |  |  | 38,842 |  |  | 52,610 |
Deferred |  |  |  |  |
United States federal | (1,754) |  |  | 7,567 |  |  | 7,220 |
United States state and local | (2,310) |  |  | (1,205) |  |  | (31) |
Foreign | 3,913 |  |  | (2,685) |  |  | 3,137 |
| (151) |  |  | 3,677 |  |  | 10,326 |
Income tax expense | $ | 11,724 |  |  | $ | 42,519 |  |  | $ | 62,936 |
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation from Continuing Operations |
| Years Ended December 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Effective income tax rate reconciliation from continuing operations: |  |  |  |  |
United States federal statutory rate | 21.0% |  | 21.0% |  | 21.0%
State and local income taxes | (2.6)% |  | 1.2% |  | 1.5%
Impact of change in tax contingencies | 2.3% |  | —% |  | (0.7)%
Foreign income tax rate differences | (38.2)% |  | (8.6)% |  | (1.0)%
Impact of change in deferred tax asset valuation allowance | 3.1% |  | 9.2% |  | 0.3%
Domestic permanent differences and tax credits | 33.9% |  | 5.1% |  | 1.9%
Impact of tax reform | —% |  | —% |  | 4.4%
Impact of CARES act | (1.8)% |  | —% |  | —%
| 17.7% |  | 27.9% |  | 27.4%
Components of Deferred Income Tax Balances |
| December 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019
| (In thousands)
Components of deferred income tax balances: |  |  |
Deferred income tax liabilities: |  |  |
Plant, equipment, and intangibles | $ | (92,271) |  |  | $ | (96,254) |
Right of use asset | (17,610) |  |  | (16,906) |
| (109,881) |  |  | (113,160) |
Deferred income tax assets: |  |  |
Postretirement, pensions, and stock compensation | 35,394 |  |  | 28,169 |
Reserves and accruals | 24,388 |  |  | 15,395 |
Net operating loss, capital loss, and tax credit carryforwards | 107,028 |  |  | 76,456 |
Lease liability | 18,515 |  |  | 17,882 |
Valuation allowances | (84,308) |  |  | (48,251) |
| 101,017 |  |  | 89,651 |
Net deferred income tax liability | $ | (8,864) |  |  | $ | (23,509) |
Summary of Net Operating Loss Carryforwards | The following tables summarize our net operating losses carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards as of December 31, 2020 by jurisdiction:
| Net Operating Loss Carryforwards
| (In thousands)
Australia | $ | 10,546 |
Germany | 15,852 |
Japan | 653 |
Luxembourg | 163 |
Netherlands | 6,578 |
Other | 20,723 |
United Kingdom | 10,720 |
United States - Federal and various states | 140,117 |
Total | $ | 205,352 |
Summary of Tax Credit Carryforwards |
| Tax Credit Carryforwards
| (In thousands)
United States | $ | 56,617 |
Canada | 492 |
Total | $ | 57,109 |
Reconciliation of Beginning and Ending Amounts of Unrecognized Tax Benefits | A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
| 2020 |  | 2019
| (In thousands)
Balance at beginning of year | $ | 6,779 |  |  | $ | 6,591 |
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year | 548 |  |  | 488 |
Additions for tax positions of prior years | 1,574 |  |  | — |
Reductions for tax positions of prior years - Settlement | (328) |  |  | (300) |
Balance at end of year | $ | 8,573 |  |  | $ | 6,779 |

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