8.	Income Taxes

The effective income tax rates for continuing operations for the quarters ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, were 31.6% and 23.5%, respectively. For the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the effective income tax rates for continuing operations were 28.1% and 28.6%, respectively. The effective tax rates in both 2017 and 2016 were impacted by restructuring activities, changes in estimates associated with the finalization of prior year foreign and domestic tax items, audit settlements, adjustments to valuation allowances, and mix of foreign earnings. The nine-month period ended September 30, 2016, was also impacted by deferred tax adjustments related to the divestitures discussed in Note 13, Divestiture. The nine-month period ended September 30, 2017, was also impacted by the limited tax deductibility of losses discussed in Note 11, Restructuring, and impacted by a tax planning opportunity that expires in 2017.