Reserve for Losses and Loss Expenses (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2016

Schedule of Roll Forward of Reserves for Losses and Loss Expenses



($ in thousands)	2016			2015		2014
Gross reserves for losses and loss expenses, at beginning of year	$	3,517,728		3,477,870		3,349,770
Less: reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses and loss expenses, at beginning of year	551,019			571,978		540,839
Net reserves for losses and loss expenses, at beginning of year	2,966,709			2,905,892		2,808,931
Incurred losses and loss expenses for claims occurring in the:
Current year	1,300,565			1,217,550		1,216,770
Prior years	(65,768		)	(69,009	)	(59,269	)
Total incurred losses and loss expenses	1,234,797			1,148,541		1,157,501
Paid losses and loss expenses for claims occurring in the:
Current year	450,811			446,550		468,478
Prior years	670,176			641,174		592,062
Total paid losses and loss expenses	1,120,987			1,087,724		1,060,540
Net reserves for losses and loss expenses, at end of year	3,080,519			2,966,709		2,905,892
Add: Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses and loss expenses, at end of year	611,200			551,019		571,978
Gross reserves for losses and loss expenses at end of year	$	3,691,719		3,517,728		3,477,870

Schedule of(Favorable)/ Unfavorable Prior Year Development



(Favorable)/Unfavorable Prior Year Development
($ in millions)	2016			2015		2014
General Liability	$	(45.0	)	(51.0	)	(43.9	)
Commercial Automobile	25.3			2.4		(4.1	)
Workers Compensation	(56.0		)	(37.0	)	—
Businessowners' Policies	1.8			2.2		1.9
Commercial Property	0.3			(3.0	)	(2.1	)
Homeowners	1.7			1.5		(4.0	)
Personal Automobile	1.0			0.4		(10.8	)
E&S	7.1			15.5		3.7
Other	(2.0		)	—		—
Total	$	(65.8	)	(69.0	)	(59.3	)

Schedule of Exposure to Various Asbestos and Environmental Claims



	2016
($ in millions)	Gross		Net
Asbestos	$	7.9	6.6
Landfill sites	12.8		8.1
Leaking underground storage tanks	9.3		8.0
Total	$	30.0	22.7

Schedule of Roll Forward of Gross and Net Asbestos and Environmental Incurred Losses and Loss Expenses and Related Reserves



	2016					2015				2014
($ in thousands)	Gross			Net		Gross		Net		Gross		Net
Asbestos
Reserves for losses and loss expenses at beginning of year	$	8,024		6,793		8,751		7,314		8,897		7,518
Incurred losses and loss expenses	77			77		(428	)	(77	)	60		—
Less: losses and loss expenses paid	(254		)	(255	)	(299	)	(444	)	(206	)	(204	)
Reserves for losses and loss expenses at the end of year	$	7,847		6,615		8,024		6,793		8,751		7,314

Environmental
Reserves for losses and loss expenses at beginning of year	$	22,387		16,368		21,902		15,680		23,867		17,649
Incurred losses and loss expenses	1,406			1,303		3,396		3,397		107		—
Less: losses and loss expenses paid	(1,678		)	(1,570	)	(2,911	)	(2,709	)	(2,072	)	(1,969	)
Reserves for losses and loss expenses at the end of year	$	22,115		16,101		22,387		16,368		21,902		15,680

Total Asbestos and Environmental Claims
Reserves for losses and loss expenses at beginning of year	$	30,411		23,161		30,653		22,994		32,764		25,167
Incurred losses and loss expenses	1,483			1,380		2,968		3,320		167		—
Less: losses and loss expenses paid	(1,932		)	(1,825	)	(3,210	)	(3,153	)	(2,278	)	(2,173	)
Reserves for losses and loss expenses at the end of year	$	29,962		22,716		30,411		23,161		30,653		22,994

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Claims Development [Table Text Block]



All Lines (in thousands)
Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance												As of December 31, 2016
Accident Year	2007		2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	IBNR	Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
2007	$	1,038,585	1,066,670	1,047,912	1,028,546	1,028,956	1,015,897	1,003,552	998,496	992,673	989,709	42,970	84,996
2008			957,247	988,584	990,931	964,862	947,306	936,975	927,958	931,785	926,017	48,590	85,264
2009				920,143	941,972	916,691	883,590	870,057	869,927	857,960	853,401	49,532	85,444
2010					950,114	973,742	977,959	956,600	943,118	922,404	915,131	65,625	94,093
2011						1,042,576	1,061,667	1,062,233	1,056,107	1,033,518	1,023,726	82,565	104,303
2012							1,065,437	1,071,290	1,020,655	998,028	973,089	101,992	103,498
2013								1,044,142	1,062,045	1,047,230	1,021,007	182,613	90,330
2014									1,107,513	1,133,798	1,146,990	278,689	93,747
2015										1,114,081	1,130,513	375,894	91,410
2016											1,188,608	589,938	85,202
										Total	10,168,191



All Lines (in thousands)
Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance
Accident Year	2007		2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
2007	$	350,369	543,949	665,277	762,422	835,347	877,933	896,590	912,683	920,931	929,082
2008			286,314	489,633	609,851	690,016	764,196	798,996	819,280	839,392	853,769
2009				277,275	442,417	540,982	634,902	695,249	736,100	760,589	775,885
2010					328,826	509,910	625,229	704,895	773,536	803,773	823,770
2011						391,944	585,867	692,730	782,655	852,202	901,801
2012							378,067	555,819	651,544	743,742	810,135
2013								335,956	518,872	644,475	748,758
2014									405,898	614,075	736,154
2015										376,641	581,203
2016											387,272
										Total	7,547,829
						All outstanding liabilities before 2007, net of reinsurance					324,070
					Liabilities for loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance						2,944,432



General Liability (in thousands)
Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance												As of December 31, 2016
Accident Year	2007		2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	IBNR	Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
2007	$	252,732	256,627	255,538	250,834	248,807	242,878	234,173	234,697	231,439	230,717	17,815	14,016
2008			250,239	243,755	243,536	234,770	233,712	224,236	219,551	221,640	221,203	19,939	13,721
2009				237,913	241,625	233,530	223,146	212,947	211,243	206,387	205,741	22,858	13,815
2010					215,208	228,680	242,499	237,154	222,328	211,619	208,968	29,380	12,629
2011						229,967	228,720	239,480	230,785	217,256	211,196	36,350	11,533
2012							238,979	245,561	215,083	194,144	175,305	44,493	9,864
2013								250,609	251,421	239,776	225,709	90,026	10,107
2014									244,312	249,946	257,132	135,883	10,157
2015										254,720	245,710	167,995	9,371
2016											277,214	233,794	7,790
										Total	2,258,895



General Liability (in thousands)
Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance
Accident Year	2007		2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
2007	$	14,695	44,356	80,621	123,108	158,424	181,641	191,405	201,842	204,159	208,449
2008			16,397	45,595	82,421	113,088	151,055	166,394	176,873	186,896	194,257
2009				14,346	37,143	64,970	103,213	130,554	151,920	166,767	176,316
2010					15,726	46,201	80,018	113,050	143,360	161,487	172,394
2011						13,924	42,692	73,643	102,978	135,377	159,768
2012							13,030	35,241	56,580	89,008	109,448
2013								12,789	35,113	72,127	104,587
2014									14,901	46,825	79,972
2015										14,665	39,978
2016											15,684
										Total	1,260,853
						All outstanding liabilities before 2007, net of reinsurance					72,887
					Liabilities for loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance						1,070,929



Workers Compensation (in thousands)
Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance												As of December 31, 2016
Accident Year	2007		2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	IBNR	Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
2007	$	231,462	236,993	231,104	226,095	230,109	225,165	225,904	222,623	218,828	216,177	23,152	16,344
2008			219,616	243,186	255,810	250,423	241,921	245,993	244,100	243,512	238,836	26,983	14,400
2009				197,504	215,946	213,036	210,109	210,756	216,992	212,536	208,611	24,238	12,214
2010					198,371	214,469	212,838	211,030	214,916	212,448	208,155	34,437	12,181
2011						205,238	218,973	214,743	215,114	210,591	205,708	38,227	11,843
2012							203,864	208,036	199,360	195,197	188,596	39,122	11,601
2013								199,794	194,318	187,658	173,160	43,058	11,361
2014									199,346	187,065	182,579	55,599	10,464
2015										193,729	194,639	63,496	10,479
2016											196,774	107,977	9,910
										Total	2,013,235



Workers Compensation (in thousands)
Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance
Accident Year	2007		2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
2007	$	31,478	88,786	123,681	144,713	156,320	164,373	169,941	175,205	179,011	180,865
2008			39,628	100,678	139,144	158,083	171,403	180,556	188,206	191,265	195,962
2009				37,885	87,299	117,019	133,116	145,417	154,726	160,529	164,336
2010					46,795	93,281	122,442	137,184	149,086	153,795	158,078
2011						42,941	90,836	118,847	134,646	139,232	149,269
2012							40,911	86,909	108,211	122,755	132,052
2013								36,829	74,568	96,376	109,739
2014									35,924	78,944	100,876
2015										33,857	77,320
2016											34,525
										Total	1,303,022
						All outstanding liabilities before 2007, net of reinsurance					226,553
					Liabilities for loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance						936,766



Commercial Automobile (in thousands)
Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance												As of December 31, 2016
Accident Year	2007		2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	IBNR	Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
2007	$	185,733	194,567	187,966	182,030	179,739	178,956	176,049	175,342	175,431	175,894	1,434	24,074
2008			196,370	195,823	190,349	187,100	187,417	182,785	180,902	183,736	183,618	1,332	24,105
2009				199,541	191,079	182,724	169,858	166,682	162,911	161,251	161,923	1,873	24,554
2010					187,562	189,305	187,778	181,923	179,854	172,969	173,157	2,318	25,194
2011						174,006	183,044	182,325	178,421	172,617	174,882	5,153	25,146
2012							179,551	191,947	183,527	184,289	184,367	6,421	23,751
2013								188,289	205,282	209,197	207,994	18,464	25,215
2014									200,534	212,725	216,824	37,432	27,129
2015										220,994	240,958	65,528	28,475
2016											255,187	106,894	28,740
										Total	1,974,804



Commercial Automobile (in thousands)
Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance
Accident Year	2007		2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
2007	$	65,544	102,233	126,507	146,690	163,629	170,241	171,622	171,839	173,050	173,980
2008			69,053	104,711	130,857	151,741	166,487	173,795	175,244	180,779	181,779
2009				63,126	94,406	113,697	137,564	149,949	155,560	158,303	159,723
2010					68,098	99,254	128,015	146,913	163,513	167,227	169,100
2011						69,849	99,196	121,576	142,507	157,291	166,082
2012							73,316	105,371	127,235	148,669	168,114
2013								76,469	109,893	140,015	169,850
2014									80,810	117,169	148,884
2015										91,347	132,260
2016											106,022
										Total	1,575,794
						All outstanding liabilities before 2007, net of reinsurance					3,271
					Liabilities for loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance						402,281



Businessowners' Policies (in thousands)
Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance												As of December 31, 2016
Accident Year	2007		2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	IBNR	Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
2007	$	32,749	34,011	33,397	31,212	29,270	29,393	28,440	28,503	29,691	29,288	124	2,956
2008			39,660	38,986	39,334	32,974	30,250	29,793	31,066	31,340	30,967	94	3,258
2009				48,535	51,762	46,645	43,828	43,553	44,938	44,299	44,273	730	3,473
2010					53,669	49,285	42,408	39,915	40,899	40,581	41,239	693	3,917
2011						54,469	57,083	51,047	58,242	59,256	58,966	2,177	4,956
2012							54,342	48,029	46,303	44,172	44,077	834	5,533
2013								49,617	42,618	41,005	40,624	4,189	3,474
2014									55,962	60,949	62,548	10,891	4,038
2015										52,871	53,768	12,089	3,860
2016											52,335	16,027	3,398
										Total	458,085



Businessowners' Policies (in thousands)
Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance
Accident Year	2007		2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
2007	$	14,051	18,870	22,583	24,978	25,759	27,273	28,073	28,095	28,368	29,048
2008			15,019	21,765	24,449	25,738	28,026	28,660	28,589	29,778	30,873
2009				18,915	29,612	32,689	36,073	40,052	42,895	43,358	43,448
2010					20,821	28,131	31,027	34,705	37,819	38,900	40,279
2011						27,884	37,362	41,011	46,444	52,114	55,856
2012							22,199	31,833	35,089	37,215	38,766
2013								17,412	26,592	30,845	34,760
2014									28,914	40,584	44,911
2015										24,189	36,014
2016											24,655
										Total	378,610
						All outstanding liabilities before 2007, net of reinsurance					7,327
					Liabilities for loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance						86,802



Commercial Property (in thousands)
Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance												As of December 31, 2016
Accident Year	2007		2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	IBNR		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
2007	$	98,167	104,160	100,809	101,027	103,183	103,381	102,998	102,732	102,679	103,077	2		6,919
2008			97,578	102,860	101,436	101,470	101,265	101,702	101,043	100,881	101,043	4		7,604
2009				82,619	82,124	82,025	82,014	80,774	80,455	80,558	80,545	10		7,009
2010					105,647	96,851	97,386	96,127	95,530	95,363	95,178	21		7,667
2011						136,954	131,667	130,942	131,282	131,353	131,113	22		9,035
2012							118,464	114,224	115,375	116,658	117,102	(22	)	8,512
2013								88,101	90,639	90,103	90,005	(78	)	5,704
2014									141,192	136,249	136,820	(1,052	)	6,503
2015										110,270	109,513	(1,320	)	6,380
2016											121,927	7,112		6,253
										Total	1,086,323



Commercial Property (in thousands)
Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance
Accident Year	2007		2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
2007	$	63,159	95,050	99,036	99,942	101,805	102,310	102,370	102,532	102,663	103,061
2008			68,211	98,921	100,465	99,288	100,213	100,752	100,908	100,868	101,034
2009				59,933	78,695	80,433	80,894	80,251	80,352	80,529	80,509
2010					69,543	91,918	94,602	95,111	95,270	95,147	95,156
2011						94,538	127,580	129,579	130,681	131,060	131,115
2012							81,528	108,834	111,503	114,699	116,291
2013								60,244	87,874	90,446	90,350
2014									101,131	132,909	136,634
2015										79,048	106,182
2016											83,966
										Total	1,044,298
						All outstanding liabilities before 2007, net of reinsurance					254
					Liabilities for loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance						42,279



Personal Automobile (in thousands)
Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance												As of December 31, 2016
Accident Year	2007		2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	IBNR	Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
2007	$	97,161	102,932	103,283	102,325	101,744	101,654	101,814	101,747	101,750	101,714	254	15,354
2008			100,311	106,999	106,842	103,934	100,213	99,912	99,686	99,255	99,116	264	16,042
2009				93,808	103,319	105,033	103,908	104,734	103,866	103,393	103,412	256	17,346
2010					103,340	110,075	112,346	109,515	107,490	107,405	107,224	277	20,821
2011						113,232	116,164	113,686	112,993	114,241	113,830	644	22,700
2012							113,771	114,921	109,832	109,324	110,294	988	22,332
2013								108,417	109,620	106,225	106,703	2,252	22,359
2014									102,250	109,325	106,757	6,945	22,478
2015										96,387	99,698	13,594	20,797
2016											92,727	18,187	19,044
										Total	1,041,475



Personal Automobile (in thousands)
Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance
Accident Year	2007		2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
2007	$	45,846	66,884	82,455	92,019	97,335	99,454	100,539	100,667	101,099	101,134
2008			50,396	73,194	84,715	91,834	95,932	97,723	98,174	98,604	98,668
2009				51,039	71,911	86,431	96,229	100,566	102,187	102,322	102,437
2010					58,786	82,490	95,300	101,540	104,061	105,849	106,453
2011						61,323	82,102	93,878	105,068	111,085	112,732
2012							63,704	82,729	94,842	102,977	107,890
2013								61,384	80,861	92,637	100,528
2014									62,519	83,739	92,589
2015										58,725	76,470
2016											57,961
										Total	956,862
						All outstanding liabilities before 2007, net of reinsurance					5,803
					Liabilities for loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance						90,416



Homeowners (in thousands)
Incurred Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance												As of December 31, 2016
Accident Year	2007		2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	IBNR	Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
2007	$	38,589	36,547	34,926	34,273	34,186	34,422	34,566	34,056	34,025	34,010	58	4,570
2008			41,224	41,747	39,342	39,203	38,062	38,410	38,111	38,042	38,045	65	5,139
2009				47,636	44,511	42,609	40,313	61,927	40,400	40,465	40,457	74	5,631
2010					68,373	67,525	63,285	97,761	62,462	62,402	62,339	86	9,128
2011						103,804	98,211	82,744	94,167	94,543	94,183	143	15,102
2012							87,260	82,745	86,560	86,667	86,271	251	16,927
2013								73,670	72,528	71,494	72,145	1,545	7,738
2014									80,111	82,461	83,637	1,928	8,739
2015										76,637	76,400	2,984	7,677
2016											60,105	5,646	6,402
										Total	647,592



Homeowners (in thousands)
Cumulative Paid Loss and Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance
Accident Year	2007		2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
2007	$	20,840	30,104	31,846	32,228	33,081	33,862	33,857	33,869	33,953	33,951
2008			21,277	33,535	36,271	37,086	37,763	37,837	37,933	37,939	37,930
2009				28,299	36,965	38,078	39,342	39,731	39,819	39,907	40,189
2010					43,699	58,638	60,295	61,106	62,155	62,227	62,241
2011						71,668	89,963	91,718	92,185	93,312	93,720
2012							69,056	79,584	82,720	84,250	85,196
2013								50,664	65,528	67,838	69,775
2014									61,561	76,007	79,751
2015										52,589	70,078
2016											42,252
										Total	615,083
						All outstanding liabilities before 2007, net of reinsurance					6,469
					Liabilities for loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance						38,978



E&S - Liability (in thousands)
Incurred Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance									As of December 31, 2016
Accident Year	2011		2012	2013	2014	2015	2016		IBNR		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
2007	$	—	—	—	—	—	—		—		—
2008	92		169	146	119	52	(162	)	(270	)	35
2009	885		1,053	938	728	710	96		(630	)	274
2010	3,294		4,106	3,369	4,299	3,831	3,055		(1,778	)	797
2011	8,127		7,102	9,853	12,207	10,273	9,652		(599	)	1,303
2012			42,367	42,621	43,175	46,149	46,165		9,289		1,982
2013				55,468	60,309	67,099	69,112		21,956		2,128
2014					55,316	63,505	69,929		29,236		1,888
2015						75,498	76,432		48,390		2,313
2016							94,451		84,328		1,760
						Total	368,730



E&S - Liability (in thousands)
Cumulative Paid Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance
Accident Year	2011		2012	2013	2014	2015	2016
2007	$	—	—	—	—	—	—
2008	—		24	70	80	79	92
2009	—		198	431	605	626	709
2010	—		1,218	2,570	3,574	4,078	4,513
2011	—		806	3,200	6,445	9,954	9,912
2012			3,722	7,914	16,430	25,064	32,343
2013				2,715	9,470	21,980	35,200
2014					2,353	12,234	25,571
2015						3,036	13,057
2016							3,720
						Total	125,117
	All outstanding liabilities before 2007, net of reinsurance						—
	Liabilities for loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance						243,613

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Reconciliation of Claims Development to Liability [Table Text Block]



(in thousands)	December 31, 2016
Net outstanding liabilities:
Standard Commercial Lines
General liability	1,070,929
Workers compensation	936,766
Commercial automobile	402,281
Businessowners' policies	86,802
Commercial property	42,279
Other Commercial Lines	11,389
Total Standard Commercial Lines net outstanding liabilities	2,550,446

Standard Personal Lines
Personal automobile	90,416
Homeowners	38,978
Other Personal Lines	7,728
Total Personal Lines net outstanding liabilities	137,122

E&S Lines
Commercial liability	243,613
Commercial property	13,251
Total E&S Lines net outstanding liabilities	256,864

Total liabilities for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance	2,944,432

Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid claims:
Standard Commercial Lines
General liability	179,997
Workers compensation	223,327
Commercial automobile	17,373
Businessowners' policies	7,012
Commercial property	13,615
Other Commercial Lines	2,613
Total Standard Commercial Lines reinsurance recoverable on unpaid loss	443,937

Standard Personal Lines
Personal automobile	55,223
Homeowners	3,206
Other Personal Lines	82,625
Total Personal Lines reinsurance recoverable on unpaid loss	141,054

E&S Lines
Commercial liability	25,741
Commercial property	468
Total E&S Lines reinsurance recoverable on unpaid loss	26,209

Total reinsurance recoverable on unpaid loss	611,200

Unallocated loss adjustment expenses	136,087

Total gross liability for unpaid loss and loss adjustment expenses	3,691,719

Short-duration Insurance Contracts, Schedule of Historical Claims Duration [Table Text Block]



Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance
Years	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
General liability	6.5%	12.4	15.1	16.6	15.3	10.2	5.5	4.3	2.3	2.2
Workers compensation	19.0	23.9	14.2	8.2	5.3	3.9	3.1	2.4	2.5	1.2
Commercial automobile	38.6	17.6	14.0	12.6	9.2	3.8	1.3	1.2	0.4	0.2
Businessowners’ policies	46.9	20.1	8.3	8.0	6.2	4.8	1.6	1.5	0.9	0.8
Commercial property	70.0	26.3	2.4	0.4	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Personal automobile	54.9	18.9	11.3	7.8	4.1	1.6	0.4	0.1	0.3	—
Homeowners	69.6	21.8	3.8	1.8	1.6	0.6	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1
E&S Lines - liability	3.9	12.2	17.8	19.8	16.0	9.5