<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001104659-23-126376.txt : 20231215
<SEC-HEADER>0001104659-23-126376.hdr.sgml : 20231215
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20231215160118
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-23-126376
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		14
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20231212
ITEM INFORMATION:		Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20231215
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20231215

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			SELECTIVE INSURANCE GROUP INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000230557
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	FIRE, MARINE & CASUALTY INSURANCE [6331]
		IRS NUMBER:				222168890
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			NJ
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-33067
		FILM NUMBER:		231490189

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		40 WANTAGE AVENUE
		CITY:			BRANCHVILLE
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07890
		BUSINESS PHONE:		9739483000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		40 WANTAGE AVE
		STREET 2:		40 WANTAGE AVE
		CITY:			BRANCHVILLE
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07890

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	SRI CORP
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19860508
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>UNITED STATES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>WASHINGTON, D.C.
20549</b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="text-transform: uppercase"><b>CURRENT
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="text-transform: uppercase"><b>to
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="text-transform: uppercase"><b>Securities
Exchange Act of 1934</b></span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)</span></p>


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<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Registrant's telephone number, including area code</span> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> (<span id="xdx_90E_edei--CityAreaCode_c20231212__20231212_zBVMxFYXeIYb"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-12-12" name="dei:CityAreaCode">973</ix:nonNumeric></span>) <span id="xdx_903_edei--LocalPhoneNumber_c20231212__20231212_zozuiTenLKu6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-12-12" name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber">948-3000</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>


<p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></p>

<p style="text-indent: 0px; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Not
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Former name or former address, if changed since last report.)</span></p>


<p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Check the appropriate
box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the
following provisions:</p>

<p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

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<td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
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Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</td>
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<td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>

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<td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>

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<p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</p>





<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Indicate by check mark
whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this
chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right; text-indent: 96px; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Emerging
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<p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">If an emerging growth
company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any
new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.&#160;&#160; <span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span style="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</span></span></p>

<p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></p>

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<p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 1.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><b>Section 5 &#8211; Corporate Governance and Management</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 1in"><b>Item 5.03.</b></td><td><b>Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year.</b></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">On December 12, 2023, the Board of Directors (the &#8220;Board&#8221;)
of Selective Insurance Group, Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) adopted the following amendments (the &#8220;Amendments&#8221;) to the
Company&#8217;s By-Laws (the &#8220;Bylaws&#8221;), with such Amendments to be effective as of January 1, 2024:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>Section 3.1 (formerly Section 3A) of the Bylaws has been amended to eliminate the requirement that the Company&#8217;s annual meeting
of stockholders be held during the last week of April to provide greater flexibility with respect to the timing and scheduling of annual
meetings of stockholders. Additionally, Section 3.1 of the Bylaws has been amended to contemplate providing notice of annual meetings
of stockholders by means of a form of electronic transmission.</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>Section 3.2 (formerly the second paragraph of Section 3A) of the Bylaws has been amended to contemplate providing notice of special
meetings of stockholders by means of a form of electronic transmission.</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>Section 4.1 (formerly Section 4) of the Bylaws has been amended to simplify the inspector of election requirements, such that the
Board may appoint any person who is not a director candidate to serve as the inspector of elections for an annual meeting of stockholders.</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>Section 6.2 (formerly the second paragraph of Section 6) of the Bylaws has been amended to clarify that certificates of stock of the
Company may be signed by the Chairperson, the President, or a Vice President and may be countersigned by either the Treasurer or an Assistant
Treasurer or an Assistant Secretary.</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>Section 7.5 of the Bylaws has been added to provide that the Board will annually appoint the Chairperson and, when the Board does
not have an independent Chairperson, a Lead Independent Director.</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>The former Sections 9A through 9E of the Bylaws have been deleted to eliminate the specific committee designations and delegations,
as these are addressed in the Company&#8217;s committee charters.</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>The former Section 10 of the Bylaws has been replaced with Section 9.1, which clarifies that the Board has the authority to form committees
and delegate powers and duties to such committees. Additionally, the new Section 9.1 further clarifies that the Board may appoint members,
fill vacancies, and dissolve any committee of the Board.</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>Section 10.1 (formerly Section 11) of the Bylaws has been amended to eliminate the specific requirements regarding the mail delivery
of any notice required to be delivered to a director, officer, or committee member pursuant to the Bylaws.</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>Section 11.1 (formerly Section 12A) of the Bylaws has been amended to delete the reference to the Board&#8217;s authority to appoint
the Chairperson and the Lead Independent Director, which, as noted above, is now addressed in the new Section 7.5. Additionally, Section
11.1 was amended to delete the reference to the Board&#8217;s authority to fix the compensation of the executive officers.</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td>Section 16.1 (formerly Section 17) of the Bylaws has been amended to provide for a five-day written notice requirement for a stockholder,
other than an officer or director, to inspect the Company&#8217;s books and records.</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The Bylaws, as amended, also incorporate certain clarifying, ministerial,
non-substantive, and conforming changes.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The foregoing description of Amendments to the Bylaws is a summary
and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Bylaws, as adopted by the Board on December 12, 2023, a copy of
which is included as Exhibit 3.1 attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Section 9 - Financial Statements and Exhibits</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 1in"><b>Item 9.01</b></td><td style="text-align: justify"><b>Financial Statements and Exhibits.</b></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td>&#160;</td><td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
                                                                                                                                                         <tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="text-align: center">(d)</td><td style="text-align: justify">Exhibits</td></tr>
                                                                                                                                                         </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><b>EXHIBIT
INDEX</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 15%; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Exhibit Number</b></span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 85%; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Description</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="text-align: justify"><a href="tm2332932d1_ex3-1.htm"><span style="font-size: 10pt">3.1</span></a></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><a href="tm2332932d1_ex3-1.htm"><span style="font-size: 10pt">By-Laws of Selective Insurance Group, Inc., effective as of January 1, 2024</span></a></td></tr>
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    <td style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">104</span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>SIGNATURES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt">SELECTIVE INSURANCE GROUP, INC.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="width: 50%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 3%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 47%">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Date:&#8239;&#8239;</span> <span style="font-size: 10pt">December 15, 2023</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">By:</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><span style="font-size: 10pt">/s/ Michael H. Lanza</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Michael H. Lanza</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Executive Vice President and General Counsel</span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></p>

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<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 3.1
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<HEAD>
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<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 3.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>BY-LAWS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>OF</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SELECTIVE INSURANCE GROUP,&#8239;INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Effective</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>January&#8239;1, 2024</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;I</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>OFFICES</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;1.1.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
principal office of Selective Insurance Group,&#8239;Inc. (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) shall be located at 40 Wantage Avenue, Branchville,
New Jersey, 07890. The Company may also establish and have offices at such other places as the Board of Directors (&ldquo;Board&rdquo;
and the members of the Board, collectively the &ldquo;Directors&rdquo; and each a &ldquo;Director&rdquo;) may designate from time to
time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;II</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>SEAL</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;2.1.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
Company shall have a seal with the name of the Company, the year of its organization, the words &quot;Corporate Seal,&quot; and its state
of incorporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;III</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>MEETINGS
OF STOCKHOLDERS</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;3.1.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
annual meeting of stockholders for the election of Directors and transaction of other business properly brought before the meeting shall
take place at the Company&rsquo;s principal office on a business day and at a time it fixes, or at such other time, date, and place in
or outside the State of New Jersey as a majority of the Directors may designate. A stockholders meeting may be held solely or partly
by remote communication consistent with the New Jersey Business Corporation Act (the &ldquo;BCA&rdquo;). The Secretary shall give notice
of the annual meeting by mail or by means of a form of electronic transmission to each stockholder at the address appearing on the Company
records not less than ten (10)&#8239;nor more than sixty (60) days before the meeting. Any stockholder attending a meeting without objecting
to a lack of meeting notice before the meeting&rsquo;s conclusion shall be deemed to have waived their right to notice of the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;3.2.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Special
meetings of the stockholders, whenever called, may be held at the Company&rsquo;s principal office or such other place in or outside
the State of New Jersey as the Directors may designate by any of the affirmative vote of a majority of the whole Board, the Chief Executive
Officer, or the President. Notice of such a special meeting shall identify its purpose and be mailed or delivered by means of a form
of electronic transmission to each stockholder at the address appearing on the Company&rsquo;s records not less than ten (10)&#8239;nor
more than sixty (60) days before the meeting. Such notice shall be given completely upon mailing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;3.3.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
holders of shares entitled to cast a majority of the votes at a meeting shall constitute a quorum for the election of Directors or the
transaction of other business. This paragraph shall apply in determining the presence of a quorum whenever the holders of any class or
series are entitled to vote separately on a specified item of business for the transaction of such specified item of business.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;3.4.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>(i)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<U>Nature
of Business at Meetings of Stockholders</U>. Only such business (other than nominations for election to the Board, which must comply
with the provisions of Section&#8239;3.4(ii)) may be transacted at an annual meeting of stockholders as is either (a)&#8239;specified
in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof),
(b)&#8239;otherwise properly brought before the annual meeting by or at the direction of the Board (or any duly authorized committee
thereof), or (c)&#8239;otherwise properly brought before the annual meeting by any stockholder of the Company (i)&#8239;who is a stockholder
of record on the date of the giving of the notice provided for in this Section&#8239;3.4(i)&#8239;and on the record date for the determination
of stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at such annual meeting and (ii)&#8239;who complies with the notice procedures set forth
in this Section&#8239;3.4(i).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.75in">In addition to any other applicable requirements,
for business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, such stockholder must have given timely notice thereof
in proper written form to the Secretary of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.75in">To be timely, a stockholder&rsquo;s notice to the
Secretary must be delivered to or be mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Company not less than one hundred twenty
(120) days nor more than one hundred fifty (150) days before the anniversary date of the immediately preceding annual meeting of stockholders;
provided, however, that if the annual meeting is called for a date that is not within twenty-five (25) days before or after such anniversary
date, notice by the stockholder must be so received not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on
which such notice of the date of the annual meeting was mailed or such public disclosure of the date of the annual meeting was made, whichever
first occurs. In no event shall the adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting, or the public announcement of such an adjournment
or postponement, commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder's notice as described above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.75in">To be in proper written form, a stockholder&rsquo;s
notice to the Secretary must set forth the following information: (a)&#8239;as to each matter such stockholder proposes to bring before
the annual meeting, a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting
such business at the annual meeting, and (b)&#8239;as to the stockholder giving notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf
the proposal is being made, (i)&#8239;the name and address of such person, (ii)&#8239;(A)&#8239;the class or series and number of all shares
of stock of the Company which are owned beneficially or of record by such person and any affiliates or associates of such person, (B)&#8239;the
name of each nominee holder of shares of all stock of the Company owned beneficially but not of record by such person or any affiliates
or associates of such person, and the number of such shares of stock of the Company held by each such nominee holder, (C)&#8239;whether
and the extent to which any derivative instrument, swap, option, warrant, short interest, hedge or profit interest or other transaction
has been entered into by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Company
and (D)&#8239;whether and the extent to which any other transaction, agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position
or any borrowing or lending of shares of stock of the Company) has been made by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates
of such person, the effect or intent of any of the foregoing being to mitigate loss to, or to manage risk or benefit of stock price changes
for, such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, or to increase or decrease the voting power or pecuniary or economic
interest of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Company; (iii)&#8239;a description
of all agreements, arrangements, or understandings (whether written or oral) between or among such person, or any affiliates or associates
of such person, and any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business and any material
interest of such person or any affiliates or associates of such person, in such business, including any anticipated benefit therefrom
to such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, (iv)&#8239;a representation that the stockholder giving notice intends
to appear in person or by proxy at the annual meeting to bring such business before the meeting; and (v)&#8239;any other information relating
to such person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filing required to be made in connection with the
solicitation of proxies by such person with respect to the proposed business to be brought by such person before the annual meeting pursuant
to Section&#8239;14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &ldquo;Exchange Act&rdquo;), and the rules&#8239;and regulations
promulgated thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.75in">A stockholder providing notice of business proposed
to be brought before an annual meeting shall further update and supplement such notice, if necessary, so that the information provided
or required to be provided in such notice pursuant to this Section&#8239;3.4(i)&#8239;shall be true and correct as of the record date for
determining the stockholders entitled to receive notice of the annual meeting and such update and supplement shall be delivered to or
be mailed and received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Company not later than five (5)&#8239;business days after
the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to receive notice of the annual meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.75in">No business shall be conducted at the annual meeting
of stockholders except business brought before the annual meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in thisSection&#8239;3.4(i);
provided, however, that, once business has been properly brought before the annual meeting in accordance with such procedures, nothing
in this Section&#8239;3.4(i)&#8239;shall be deemed to preclude discussion by any stockholder of any such business. If the chairperson of
an annual meeting determines that business was not properly brought before the annual meeting in accordance with the foregoing procedures,
the chairperson shall declare to the meeting that the business was not properly brought before the meeting and such business shall not
be transacted.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.75in">Nothing contained in this Section&#8239;3.4(i)&#8239;shall
be deemed to affect any rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Company's proxy statement pursuant to Rule&#8239;14a-8
under the Exchange Act (or any successor provision of law).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.25in">(ii)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;<U>Nomination
of Directors</U>. Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the following procedures shall be eligible for election as Directors
of the Company, except as may be otherwise provided in the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with respect to the right
of holders of preferred stock of the Company to nominate and elect a specified number of Directors in certain circumstances. Nominations
of persons for election to the Board may be made at any annual meeting of stockholders, or at any special meeting of stockholders called
for the purpose of electing Directors, (a)&#8239;by or at the direction of the Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) or (b)&#8239;by
any stockholder of the Company (i)&#8239;who is a stockholder of record on the date of the giving of the notice provided for in this Section&#8239;3.4(ii)&#8239;and
on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at such annual meeting or special meeting and
(ii)&#8239;who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section&#8239;3.4(ii).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.75in">In addition to any other applicable requirements,
a stockholder making a nomination must have given timely notice in proper written form to the Secretary of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.75in">To be timely, a stockholder&rsquo;s notice to the
Secretary must be delivered to or be mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Company (a)&#8239;in the case of an
annual meeting, not less than one hundred twenty (120) days nor more than one hundred fifty (150) days prior to the anniversary date of
the immediately preceding annual meeting of stockholders; provided, however, that in the event that the annual meeting is called for a
date that is not within twenty-five (25) days before or after such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder in order to be timely must
be so received not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which such notice of the date of the
annual meeting was mailed or such public disclosure of the date of the annual meeting was made, whichever first occurs; and (b)&#8239;in
the case of a special meeting of stockholders called for the purpose of electing Directors, not later than the close of business on the
tenth (10th) day following the day on which notice of the date of the special meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of the
special meeting was made, whichever first occurs. In no event shall the adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting or a special
meeting called for the purpose of electing Directors, or the public announcement of such an adjournment or postponement, commence a new
time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder's notice as described above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.75in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">To be in proper written
form, a stockholder&rsquo;s notice to the Secretary must set forth the following information: (a)&#8239;as to each person whom the stockholder
proposes to nominate for election as a Director (i)&#8239;the name, age, business address and residence address of such person, (ii)&#8239;the
principal occupation or employment of such person, (iii)&#8239;(A)&#8239;the class or series and number of all shares of stock of the Company
which are owned beneficially or of record by such person and any affiliates or associates of such person, (B)&#8239;the name of each nominee
holder of shares of all stock of the Company owned beneficially but not of record by such person or any affiliates or associates of such
person, and the number of such shares of stock of the Company held by each such nominee holder, (C)&#8239;whether and the extent to which
any derivative instrument, swap, option, warrant, short interest, hedge or profit interest or other transaction has been entered into
by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Company and (D)&#8239;whether
and the extent to which any other transaction, agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position or any borrowing
or lending of shares of stock of the Company) has been made by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person,
the effect or intent of any of the foregoing being to mitigate loss to, or to manage risk or benefit of stock price changes for, such
person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, or to increase or decrease the voting power or pecuniary or economic interest
of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Company; and (iv)&#8239;any other information
relating to such person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection
with solicitations of proxies for election of Directors pursuant to Section&#8239;14 of the Exchange Act, and the rules&#8239;and regulations
promulgated thereunder; and (b)&#8239;as to the stockholder giving the notice, and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination
is being made, (i)&#8239;the name and record address of the stockholder giving the notice and the name and principal place of business
of such beneficial owner; (ii)&#8239;(A)&#8239;the class or series and number of all shares of stock of the Company which are owned beneficially
or of record by such person and any affiliates or associates of such person, (B)&#8239;the name of each nominee holder of shares of the
Company owned beneficially but not of record by such person or any affiliates or associates of such person, and the number of shares of
stock of the Company held by each such nominee holder, (C)&#8239;whether and the extent to which any derivative instrument, swap, option,
warrant, short interest, hedge or profit interest or other transaction has been entered into by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates
or associates of such person, with respect to stock of the Company and (D)&#8239;whether and the extent to which any other transaction,
agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short position or any borrowing or lending of shares of stock of the Company) has
been made by or on behalf of such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, the effect or intent of any of the foregoing
being to mitigate loss to, or to manage risk or benefit of stock price changes for, such person, or any affiliates or associates of such
person, or to increase or decrease the voting power or pecuniary or economic interest of such person, or any affiliates or associates
of such person, with respect to stock of the Company; (iii)&#8239;a description of all agreements, arrangements, or understandings (whether
written or oral) between such person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, and any proposed nominee or any other person or
persons (including their names) pursuant to which the nomination(s)&#8239;are being made by such person, and any material interest of such
person, or any affiliates or associates of such person, in such nomination, including any anticipated benefit therefrom to such person,
or any affiliates or associates of such person; (iv)&#8239;a representation that the stockholder giving notice intends to appear in person
or by proxy at the annual meeting or special meeting to nominate the persons named in its notice; and (v)&#8239;any other information relating
to such person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with the
solicitation of proxies for election of Directors pursuant to Section&#8239;14 of the Exchange Act and the rules&#8239;and regulations promulgated
thereunder. Such notice must be accompanied by a written consent of each proposed nominee to being named as a nominee and to serve as
a director if elected. At the request of the Company, any proposed nominee must submit all completed and signed questionnaires the Company
requests and requires of the Company&rsquo;s Directors and any other questionnaire the Company determines is necessary or advisable to
assess whether the proposed nominee will satisfy any qualifications or requirements imposed by the Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation, these By-Laws</FONT>, any applicable law, rule, regulation or listing requirement, and any Company policies and guidelines
applicable to Directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.75in">A stockholder providing notice of any nomination
proposed to be made at an annual meeting or special meeting shall further update and supplement such notice, if necessary, so that the
information provided or required to be provided in such notice pursuant to this Section&#8239;3.4(ii)&#8239;shall be true and correct as
of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to receive notice of the annual meeting or special meeting, and such update
and supplement shall be delivered to or be mailed and received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Company not
later than five (5)&#8239;business days after the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to receive notice of such annual
meeting or special meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.75in">No person shall be eligible for election as a Director
of the Company unless nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in thisSection&#8239;3.4(ii). If the chairperson of the meeting
determines that a nomination was not made in accordance with the foregoing procedures, the chairperson shall declare to the meeting that
the nomination was defective and such defective nomination shall be disregarded.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;3.5.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Except
as provided in Section&#8239;7.2 of these By-Laws, a nominee for director shall be elected to the Board if the votes cast for such nominee's
election exceed the votes cast against such nominee's election; provided, however, that Directors shall be elected by a plurality of
the votes cast at any meeting of stockholders for which the Secretary of the Company determines that the number of nominees exceeds the
number of Directors to be elected as of the date seven days prior to the scheduled mailing date of the proxy statement for such meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;IV</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>INSPECTORS
OF ELECTION</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;4.1.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Prior
to the annual meeting of the stockholders, the Board shall appoint one or more persons who are not Director candidates to serve as inspectors
of the election, whose duty it shall be to honestly and fairly conduct such election and to tabulate all votes and furnish a certificate
of the election result over their signature, which shall be presented to and filed by the Secretary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;V</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>RIGHTS
OF STOCKHOLDERS</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;5.1.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Every
stockholder shall be entitled at any meeting of the stockholders to one (1)&#8239;vote for each share of stock held by them, except as
may otherwise be set forth in the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;VI</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>SHARES
of Stock AND THEIR TRANSFER</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;6.1.</U><I>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</I>&#8239;</B></FONT>The
Board shall have power to close the stock transfer books of the Company for a period not exceeding fifty (50) days preceding the date
of any meeting of stockholders or the date for payment of any dividend, or the date for the allotment of rights, or the date when any
change or conversion or exchange of capital stock shall go into effect; provided that, in lieu of so closing the stock transfer books,
the Board may fix in advance a date, not exceeding sixty (60) days preceding the date of any meeting of stockholders, or the date for
the payment of any dividend, or the date for the allotment of rights, or the date when any change or conversion or exchange of capital
stock shall go into effect, as a record date for the determination of the stockholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, any such
meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any such dividend, or any such allotment of rights, or to exercise the rights in respect to
any such change, conversion or exchange of capital stock, and in such case only stockholders of record on the date so fixed shall be
entitled to such notice of, and to vote at, such meeting or to receive payment of such dividend, or allotment of rights or exercise of
such rights, as the case may be, and notwithstanding any transfer of any stock on the books of the Company after any such record date
fixed as aforesaid.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;6.2.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Certificates
of stock of the Company shall be in such form as the Board shall from time to time prescribe and shall be signed by the Chairperson of
the Board, the President or a Vice President and may be countersigned by either the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer or the Secretary
or an Assistant Secretary. The Board shall have power to appoint one or more Transfer Agents and/or one (1)&#8239;or more Registrars
for the transfer and/or registration of the certificates of stock and may require that stock certificates shall be countersigned and/or
registered by a Transfer Agent and/or Registrar; provided, that when any certificate is signed by a Transfer Agent and registered by
a Registrar, if the Board shall by resolution so provide, the signatures of the officers of the Company who sign such certificate may
be facsimiles and the seal of the Company imprinted thereon. The Board has the authority to issue some or all stock of any class or series
of the Company&rsquo;s capital stock with or without certificates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;6.3.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Shares
of stock of the Company shall be transferable on the books of the Company by the holder of record thereon in person or by duly authorized
attorney and upon the surrender of the certificate properly endorsed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;6.4.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>No
stockholder shall be personally liable for any of the debts or obligations of the Company or for any assessment on their stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;6.5.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Stockholders
shall have no right to any division of the assets or profits of the Company or to any dividends therefrom, except as the Board shall
from time to time declare.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;6.6.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
Company shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any share or shares of stock as the holder in fact thereof and accordingly
shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share on the part of any other person whether or
not it shall have express or other notice thereof, save as expressly provided by the laws of the State of New Jersey.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;VII</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>DIRECTORS</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;7.1.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
business and affairs of the Company shall be managed by a Board of Directors which shall have and may exercise all of the powers of the
Company, except such as are expressly conferred upon the stockholders by law, by the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
or by these By-Laws. Subject to the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock then outstanding, the Board of Directors
shall consist of not less than seven (7)&#8239;nor more than twenty (20) persons. The exact number of Directors within the minimum and
maximum limitations specified in the preceding sentence shall be fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors pursuant to a resolution
adopted by a majority of the whole Board of Directors, and if such number is not so fixed, the number shall be twelve (12). No decrease
in the number of Directors constituting the Board of Directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent Director. Commencing at the annual
meeting of stockholders that is held in calendar year 2010 (the &ldquo;2010 Annual Meeting&rdquo;), Directors shall be elected annually
for terms of one (1)&#8239;year, except that any Director in office at the 2010 Annual Meeting whose term does not expire until the annual
meeting of stockholders held in calendar year 2011 or calendar year 2012 (a &ldquo;Continuing Classified Director&rdquo;) shall continue
to hold office until the end of the term for which such Continuing Classified Director was previously elected and until such Continuing
Classified Director&rsquo;s successor shall have been elected and qualified. Except as otherwise required by law, until the term of a
Continuing Classified Director or any other Director expires or otherwise terminates as aforesaid, such Directors may be removed from
office by the stockholders of the Corporation only for cause pursuant to the applicable provisions of the New Jersey Business Corporation
Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;7.2.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Vacancies,
however caused, occurring in the Board of Directors, and newly created directorships resulting from an increase in the authorized number
of Directors may be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining Directors at any regular or special meeting and such
newly appointed Director shall serve a term expiring at the next annual meeting of stockholders and until such Director&rsquo;s successor
shall have been elected and qualified.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;7.3.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>No
person who has attained their 72nd birthday shall be eligible for election as a Director.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;7.4.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Directors
shall receive such compensation as the Board may direct or determine from time to time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;7.5.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
Board shall elect or appoint a Chairperson of the Board. When the Board does not have an independent Chairperson, the Board shall also
elect or appoint a Lead Independent Director.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;VIII</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>MEETINGS
OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;8.1.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Regular
meetings of the Board shall be held at a time and place fixed by the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;8.2.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Upon
notice, the Chairperson of the Board, the Lead Independent Director, or the Chief Executive Officer may call a special meeting of the
Board when, in their opinion, the Company&rsquo;s interests require it. The Chief Executive Officer, President, or Secretary must call
a special meeting of the Board at the written request of one-third (1/3) of the Directors then in office. If the Chief Executive Officer,
President, or Secretary fails or refuses to do so, one-third (1/3) of the Directors then in office may call a special Board meeting.
In the absence of the Chairperson of the Board, the Lead Independent Director (or either of their designees) shall preside at all Board
meetings and call to order and act as temporary chairperson at all meetings of the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;8.3.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>At
any meeting of the Board, the participation of the Directors with a majority of the votes of the then-current Board shall constitute
a quorum but a lesser number may adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum appears.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;8.4.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>All
Directors shall be given at least twenty-four (24) hours notice of the time and place of any Board meeting. Business transacted at any
meeting at which all Directors are present shall be legal even if no meeting notice was given.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;8.5.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Members
of the Board and any of its committees may participate in any meeting by remote communication through which all meeting participants
can hear each other, and such participation shall constitute in-person presence at such meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;8.6.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Any
action required or permitted to be taken by authorization voted at a Board meeting or any Board committee may be taken without a meeting
if (i)&#8239;all members of the Board or the Board committee so consent in writing (including by facsimile, electronic mail, or any other
electronic means) before or after such action (&ldquo;Unanimous Written Consent&rdquo;) and (ii)&#8239;the Unanimous Written Consent
is filed with the records of the Board or its committee. Such Unanimous Written Consent shall have the same effect as a unanimous in-person
vote of the Board or any of its committees for all purposes, and any certificate or other document filed with the Treasurer of the State
of New Jersey or other equivalent body in a foreign jurisdiction may state such.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;IX</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>COMMITTEES</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;9.1.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
Board may appoint, from among its members, from time to time one or more committees, each committee to have such name or names and to
have such powers and duties as may be determined from time to time by the Board and as permitted by the BCA. All committees shall report
to the Board. The Board shall have the power to fill vacancies in, to change the membership of, or to dissolve any committee. Each committee
may hold meetings and make rules&#8239;for the conduct of its business and appoint such subcommittees and assistants as it shall from
time to time deem necessary. A majority of the members of a committee shall constitute a quorum for all purposes and at all meetings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;X</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>NOTICE
TO DIRECTORS, OFFICERS AND COMMITTEE MEMBERS</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;10.1.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Any
notice required to be given to any Director, officer, or committee member under the provisions of these By-Laws or otherwise shall be
duly and sufficiently given if mailed to such Director, officer, or committee member, or if given personally or by telephone, facsimile,
electronic mail or other electronic means. Such notice shall be completely given upon mailing, or personal or telephonic notification,
or the sending of a facsimile, electronic mail, or other electronic transmission to such Director, officer, or committee member at their
address, telephone number, facsimile number, electronic mail address, or other electronic transmission, as the same appear on the Company&rsquo;s
books. Any such required notice may be waived by any Director, officer, or committee member either before or after the meeting or occurrence
for which such notice was required. Any Director attending a Board meeting or a meeting of any committee designated by the Board without
objecting to a lack of meeting notice before the meeting&rsquo;s conclusion shall be deemed to have waived their right to notice of the
meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;XI</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>OFFICERS</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;11.1.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
Board, effective after the annual meeting of stockholders, shall elect or appoint a Chief Executive Officer, President, one or more Vice
Presidents, a Secretary, and a Treasurer. The Board may appoint such other officers as the Company&rsquo;s needs may require from time
to time. All officers shall serve for one (1)&#8239;year and until the election and qualification of their successors, subject to the
power of the Directors to remove any officer for any reason by a majority vote of the Board. The same person may hold any two (2)&#8239;offices
except those of President and Secretary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;11.2.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
Chief Executive Officer shall have the powers and duties of management of the Company usually vested in a chief executive officer, including
general supervision, direction, and control of the business and supervision of the Company&rsquo;s other officers, subject only to the
authority of the Board. The Chief Executive Officer shall see that all Board orders and resolutions are carried into effect. The Chief
Executive Officer may enter into and execute in the Company&rsquo;s name contracts or other instruments in the regular course of business
or contracts or other instruments outside the regular course of business that the Board generally or specifically authorized. The Chief
Executive Officer shall have such other powers and duties as the Board or these By-Laws prescribe. At a meeting of the Board during the
first quarter of the Company&rsquo;s fiscal year, the Chief Executive Officer shall submit a complete report of the Company&rsquo;s operations
and the business for the previous fiscal year, together with a statement of the Company's affairs at the close of such year, and shall
submit a similar report at each annual meeting of the stockholders. The Chief Executive Officer shall also report to the Board all matters
of which they are aware relating to the Company&rsquo;s interests that should be brought to the attention of the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;11.3.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
President shall have the general powers and duties of management of the Company and supervision, direction, and control of the business
as are authorized either generally or specifically by the Chief Executive Officer, the Board, or these By-Laws. When the same person
does not hold the offices of President and Chief Executive Officer, the President shall report to the Chief Executive Officer. The President
may enter into and execute in the name of the Company contracts or other instruments in the regular course of business or contracts or
other instruments outside the regular course of business that the Board generally or specifically authorized. During the absence or disability
of the Chief Executive Officer, the President shall have all the powers and functions of the Chief Executive Officer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;11.4.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>During
the absence or disability of the President, the Board shall determine who shall have all of the powers and functions of the President.
Each Vice President shall perform such other duties as the Chief Executive Officer, President, or Board shall prescribe.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;11.5.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
Secretary shall attend all Board, stockholder, and Board committtee meetings and record all votes and the minutes of all proceedings
in a book kept for that purpose. The Secretary shall give or cause to be given notice of all Board, stockholder, and Board committee
meetings and shall affix the Company&rsquo;s seal to such papers as required. The Secretary shall have charge of the Company's seal,
stock certificates, and other books and papers as the Board may prescribe. The Secretary shall make such reports of the Board as it may
request and prepare and cause reports and statements to be filed as required by law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;11.6.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
Chief Financial Officer shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in the Company&rsquo;s books and shall see
that all expenditures are duly authorized and evidenced by proper receipts and vouchers. The Chief Financial Officer shall render to
the Chief Executive Officer, the President, and Directors at the Board&rsquo;s regular meetings or whenever the Board may require an
account of all Company transactions and the Company&rsquo;s financial condition. The Chief Financial Officer shall also make a full report
of the Company&rsquo;s financial condition at each annual meeting of the stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;11.7.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
Treasurer shall (i)&#8239;have care and custody of all the Company&rsquo;s funds and securities, (ii)&#8239;deposit them in the Company&rsquo;s
name in such bank or banks as the Board may designate, (iii)&#8239;disburse them under such rules&#8239;and regulations as the Board
may make, and (iv)&#8239;perform such other duties as the Board may prescribe from time to time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;11.8.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
Chairperson of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and the Board, perform such other duties, and exercise such
other powers as the Board or the Executive Committee may prescribe.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;XII</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>INDEMNIFICATION
OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;12.1.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Each
person who (i)&#8239;was or is made a party, (ii)&#8239;is threatened to be made a party to, or (iii)&#8239;is involved in any pending,
threatened, or completed civil, criminal, administrative or arbitrative action, suit, proceeding, or any related appeal, or any inquiry
or investigation that could lead to such action, suit or proceeding (a &quot;proceeding&quot;), by reason of their being or having been
a Director or officer of the Company or of any constituent company absorbed by the Company in a consolidation or merger, or by reason
of their being or having been a director, officer, trustee, employee or agent of any other company (domestic or foreign) or of any partnership,
joint venture, sole proprietorship, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise (whether or not for profit), serving as such at
the request of the Company, or the legal representative of any such director, officer, trustee, employee or agent, shall be indemnified
and held harmless by the Company to the fullest extent permitted by the BCA, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in
the case of any such amendment, except as otherwise provided by law, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Company to provide
broader indemnification rights than BCA permitted prior to such amendment), from and against any and all reasonable costs, disbursements
and attorney's fees, and any and all amounts paid or incurred in satisfaction of settlements, judgments, fines and penalties, incurred
or suffered in connection with any such proceeding, and such indemnification shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director,
officer, trustee, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of their heirs, executors, administrators and assigns; provided, however,
that, except as provided in Section&#8239;12.1 hereof, the Company shall indemnify any such person seeking indemnification in connection
with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person only if such proceeding (or part thereof) was specifically authorized by
the Board or as otherwise required by law. The right to indemnification conferred in this subsection shall be a contract right and shall
include the right to be paid by the Company the expenses incurred in connection with any proceeding in advance of the final disposition
of such proceeding as authorized by the Board; provided, however, that, if the BCA so requires, the payment of such expenses incurred
by any indemnitee in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding shall be made only upon receipt by the Company of an undertaking,
by or on behalf of such indemnitee, to repay all amounts so advanced unless it shall ultimately be determined that such indemnitee is
entitled to be indemnified under this subsection or otherwise. The Company may, by action of the Board, provide for indemnification and
advancement of expenses to Company employees and agents with the same scope and effect as the foregoing indemnification of Directors
and officers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;12.2.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>If
a claim under Section&#8239;12.1 is not paid in full by the Company within thirty (30) days after a written request has been received
by the Company, the claimant may at any time thereafter apply to a court for an award of indemnification by the Company for the unpaid
amount of the claim and, if successful on the merits or otherwise in connection with any proceeding, or in the defense of any claim,
issue or matter therein, the claimant shall be entitled also to be paid by the Company any and all expenses incurred or suffered in connection
with such proceeding. Except as otherwise provided by law, it shall be a defense to any such action (other than an action brought to
enforce a claim for the advancement of expenses incurred in connection with any proceeding where the required undertaking, if any, has
been tendered to the Company) that the claimant has not met the standard of conduct which makes it permissible under the BCA for the
Company to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed, but the burden of proving such defense shall be on the Company. Neither the
failure of the Company (including its Board, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) to have made a determination before the
commencement of such proceeding that indemnification of the claimant is proper in the circumstances because they have met the applicable
standard of conduct stated in the BCA, nor an actual determination by the Company (including its Board, independent legal counsel or
its stockholders) that the claimant has not met such applicable standard of conduct, nor the termination of any proceeding by judgment,
order, settlement, conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption
that the claimant has not met the applicable standard of conduct.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;12.3.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
right to indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by or granted pursuant to this ARTICLE&#8239;XII shall not exclude or be
exclusive of any other rights to which any person may be entitled under a certificate of incorporation, by-law, agreement, vote of stockholders
or otherwise, provided that no indemnification shall be made to or on behalf of such person if a judgment or other final adjudication
adverse to such person establishes that such person has not met the applicable standard of conduct required to be met under the BCA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;12.4.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
Company may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any director, officer, employee, or agent of the Company or another company,
partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan, or other enterprise against any expenses incurred in any proceeding and any
liabilities asserted against them by reason of such person being or having been such a director, officer, employee or agent, whether
or not the Company would have the power to indemnify such person against such expenses and liabilities under the provisions of this ARTICLE&#8239;XII
or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;XIII</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>GENERAL
COUNSEL</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;13.1.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
Board shall annually appoint the Company&rsquo;s General Counsel, whose duty shall be to afford and communicate to the officers, Directors,
and committees such counsel, legal advice, and information as may be requested in writing or otherwise to guide them in the discharge
and performance of their duties.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;XIV</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>FISCAL
YEAR</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;14.1.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>The
Company&rsquo;s fiscal year shall be fixed by resolution of the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;XV</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>SIGNATURES</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;15.1.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>All
checks issued by the Company shall bear the signatures or facsimile signatures of at least two (2)&#8239;officers designated by the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;15.2.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>All
other notes, drafts, orders for the payment of money and all other documents requiring the signature of a Company officer or officers
shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or persons as the Board may designate from time to time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;XVI</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>BOOKS
OF THE COMPANY</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;16.1.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>No
stockholders, other than an officer or Director, shall have any right to inspect any Company account, book, or document except as such
right may be conferred by law or authorized by the Board after five days written notice and evidence satisfactory to the Board is presented
that such inspection is desired for a proper purpose.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE&#8239;XVII</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B><U>AMENDMENTS</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;17.1.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Notwithstanding
any other provision contained in these By-Laws to the contrary, Section&#8239;7.1 and Section&#8239;7.2 and this ARTICLE&#8239;XVII of
these By-Laws may be altered, amended, supplemented, or repealed only by the affirmative vote of 66-2/3% or more of the voting power
of all of the shares of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of Directors, voting together as a single class.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#8239;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Section&#8239;17.2.</U>&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;</B></FONT>Subject
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at any meeting, provided that ten (10)&#8239;days' notice, in writing has been given to each Director of any proposed alteration, amendment,
supplemental repeal or adoption. The affirmative vote of a majority of the whole Board of Directors shall be necessary to accomplish
any proposed alteration, amendment, supplement, repeal or adoption. Any By-Law contained in these By-Laws may be altered, amended, supplemented,
repealed or adopted without such previous notice by the vote of three-fourths (3/4ths) of the whole Board of Directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>sigi-20231212_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Extension" xlink:to="dei_Extension_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:to="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:to="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:to="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>sigi-20231212_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
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    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
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      <link:presentationArc order="550" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiDocumentInformationLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:presentationArc order="560" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiDocumentInformationLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="570" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiDocumentInformationLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
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</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.23.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140549629436384">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 12, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Document Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Dec. 12,  2023<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--12-31<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-33067<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">SELECTIVE
INSURANCE GROUP, INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000230557<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">22-2168890<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">NJ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">40 Wantage Avenue<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Branchville<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">NJ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">07890<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">973<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">948-3000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonStockMember', window );">Common Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Document Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, par value $2 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">SIGI<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=sigi_DepositarySharesMember', window );">Depositary Shares [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Document Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1,000th interest in
a share of 4.60% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series B, without par value<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">SIGIP<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentInformationLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentInformationLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
