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Reserve for Loss and Loss Expense
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Insurance Loss Reserves [Abstract]  
Reserve for Loss and Loss Expense Reserve for Loss and Loss Expense
The table below provides a roll forward of the reserve for loss and loss expense for beginning and ending reserve balances:

Quarter ended March 31,
($ in thousands)20252024
Gross reserve for loss and loss expense, at beginning of period$6,589,801 5,336,911 
Less: reinsurance recoverable on unpaid loss and loss expense, at beginning of period1,022,245 618,601 
Net reserve for loss and loss expense, at beginning of period5,567,556 4,718,310 
Incurred loss and loss expense for claims occurring in the:  
Current year759,992 688,519 
Prior years(13,667)15,773 
Total incurred loss and loss expense746,325 704,292 
Paid loss and loss expense for claims occurring in the:  
Current year105,268 107,719 
Prior years487,152 435,489 
Total paid loss and loss expense592,420 543,208 
Net reserve for loss and loss expense, at end of period5,721,461 4,879,394 
Add: Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid loss and loss expense, at end of period889,394 622,356 
Gross reserve for loss and loss expense, at end of period$6,610,855 5,501,750 

Prior year reserve development in First Quarter 2025 was favorable by $13.7 million, consisting of $18.7 million of favorable property reserve development, partially offset by $5.0 million of unfavorable casualty reserve development. The unfavorable casualty reserve development related to our Standard Personal Lines segment and was driven by $5.0 million in unfavorable development, primarily related to increased severities in accident year 2024 in the personal automobile line of business.

Prior year reserve development in First Quarter 2024 was unfavorable by $15.8 million, consisting of $35.0 million of unfavorable casualty reserve development, partially offset by $19.2 million of favorable property reserve development. Our Standard Commercial Lines segment drove the unfavorable casualty reserve development consisting of $50.0 million in our general liability line of business, primarily driven by increased severities in accident years 2020 through 2023, partially offset by $15.0 million of favorable casualty reserve development in our workers compensation line of business.
Our Standard Personal Lines Segment also had unfavorable casualty reserve development of $5.0 million in our personal automobile line of business, offset by favorable development of $5.0 million in our homeowners line of business in First Quarter 2024.