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Pay vs Performance Disclosure
1 Months Ended 11 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jan. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure, Table    

Pay Versus Performance Table

 

              Value of Initial Fixed
$100 Investment
Based On:
   
Fiscal
Year
(a)
Summary
Compensation
Table
(“SCT”)
Total for
PEO
($)(1)
(b1)
SCT
Table
Total for
PEO
($)(1) (b2)
CAP to
PEO
($)(1)(2)(3)
(c1)
CAP to
PEO
($)(1)(2)(4)
(c2)
Average
SCT Total
for Non-
PEO
NEOs
($)(5) (d)
Average
CAP to
Non-PEO
NEOs
($)(2)(5)(6)
(e)
Total
Share-
Holder
Return

($)(7)
(f)
Peer Group
Total
Share-
holder
Return
($)(7) (g)
Net
Income
($) (In
Thousands)
(h)
GAAP
Combined
Ratio

(%) (i)
2024 6,314,664 5,813,139 1,702,268 1,648,875 154.01 161.18 207,012 103.0
2023 5,983,826 7,598,807 1,603,837 992,458 161.42 123.18 365,238 96.5
2022 5,810,187 7,100,961 1,958,112 2,282,919 142.03 108.70 224,886 95.1
2021 5,435,625 7,471,943 1,889,803 2,490,130 129.52 101.26 403,837 92.8
2020 5,130,406 5,370,502 5,319,126 5,606,083 2,196,253 2,287,992 104.46 90.45 246,355 94.9

 

(1) The dollar amounts reported in columns (b1) and (b2) are the amounts of total compensation reported for the Company’s PEO for each corresponding fiscal year in the “Total” column of the SCT. Mr. Marchioni served as PEO during 2024, 2023, 2022 and 2021. During 2020, Gregory E. Murphy served as PEO until January 31, 2020, after which time Mr. Marchioni was appointed as PEO. Mr. Murphy served as our Executive Chairman from February 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020. Consistent with SEC rules, we have included Mr. Murphy’s total 2020 compensation, including his compensation for service as Executive Chairman from February 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020, as reflected in Mr. Murphy’s total compensation amount set forth in columns (b2) and (c2). No relationship can be drawn between PEO (c2) and performance measures because Mr. Murphy was only a PEO for one month of the reported disclosure period.

 

(2) Consistent with SEC rules, we made the following adjustments to the SCT totals for NEOs to calculate CAP amounts:

 

Deducted the actuarial increase in the present value of each applicable NEO’s pension benefits under SICA’s defined benefit pension plans, which represented changes in pension values primarily attributable to an increase in the discount rate used to calculate present value and the use of the most-recently released mortality tables. See tables below for quantitative detail for the PEOs and non-PEO NEOs.

 

Added changes in pension values attributable to current years’ service and any change in pension value attributable to plan amendments made during each fiscal year. Our pension plan is closed to new entrants and existing participants ceased accruing benefits after March 31, 2016. There were no amendments to the pension plan in each fiscal year that changed that pension value.

 

Deducted the grant date fair values for the performance-based restricted stock unit (“RSU”) and performance-based cash incentive unit (“CIU”) awards granted to the NEOs. See tables below for quantitative detail for the PEOs and non-PEO NEOs.

 

Added the fair values of performance-based RSU (and related accrued dividend equivalent units) and performance-based CIU awards granted to the NEOs in each year, valued as of each fiscal year end. See tables below for quantitative detail for the PEO and non-PEO NEOs.
Added the year-over-year change in fair value of the prior years’ unvested performance-based RSU (and related accrued dividend equivalent units) and performance-based CIU awards, and the awards that vested during each fiscal year. See tables below for quantitative detail for the PEO and non-PEO NEOs.

 

Additionally, assumptions made in the valuation of the 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, and 2020 grants of performance-based RSU awards, and the 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, and 2020 grants of performance-based CIU awards that differ materially from those disclosed as of the grant date of such awards include adjustment of:

 

Selective’s common stock price per share and reinvested dividends to reflect the measurement date value (instead of the common stock price per share and reinvested dividends at grant date). Measurement date represents each fiscal year end or the date of vesting for those awards that vested in each fiscal year.

 

Per unit values for the performance-based CIU awards for the TSR value at the measurement date (instead of using the initial per unit value of $100).

 

The peer group multiplier for CIU awards to reflect the Monte Carlo valuation received at the measurement date, recorded on a one-quarter lag (instead of using the initial peer group multiplier of 100%).

 

(3) The following table reconciles SCT Total for PEO (b1) to Total CAP to PEO (c1):

 

PEO (c1): Fiscal Year
2024
Fiscal Year
2023
Fiscal Year
2022
Fiscal Year
2021
Fiscal
Year 2020
SCT Total ($) (A) 6,314,664 5,983,826 5,810,187 5,435,625 5,130,406
Deducted from SCT: Pension Value and Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings ($) (B) 130,795 239,169
Added to CAP: Pension Value Attributable to Fiscal Years’ Service and Plan Amendments ($) (C)
Deducted from SCT: Grant Date Fair Value of Awards ($) (D) 3,979,260 2,764,181 2,628,160 2,124,100 1,648,685
Added to CAP: Fair Value of Awards Granted in Fiscal Year ($)(a) (E) 4,044,688 3,264,588 3,420,746 3,075,273 1,810,867
Added to CAP: Change in Fair Value of Prior Years’ Unvested Awards ($)(a) (F) (496,125) 1,001,299 584,812 1,093,366 244,246
Added to CAP: Change in Fair Value of Prior Years’ Awards that Vested in Fiscal Year ($)(a) (G) (70,828) 244,070 (86,623) (8,221) 21,461
Total CAP
(A - B + C - D + E + F + G)
5,813,139 7,598,807 7,100,961 7,471,943 5,319,126

 

(a) The table below shows information on performance-based RSU awards and performance-based CIU awards previously granted to PEO (c1).

 

PEO (c1):
Fiscal Year Fair Value of Equity
Awards Granted in Fiscal
Year at Fiscal Year End
($)
Change in Fair Value
of Prior Years’
Awards Unvested
($)
Change in Fair Value
of Prior Years’
Awards that Vested in
Fiscal Year
($)
Equity Fair Value
Included in
Compensation
Actually Paid
($)
2024        
RSUs 2,864,620 (186,201) (70,828) 2,607,591
CIUs 1,180,068 (309,924) 870,144
Total 4,044,688 (496,125) (70,828) 3,477,735
2023        
RSUs 2,071,218 696,533 244,070 3,011,821
CIUs 1,193,370 304,766 1,498,136
Total 3,264,588 1,001,299 244,070 4,509,957
2022        
RSUs 2,310,409 406,192 (86,623) 2,629,977
CIUs 1,110,337 178,620 1,288,957
Total 3,420,746 584,812 (86,623) 3,918,934
2021        
RSUs 2,052,416 598,684 (36,748) 2,614,352
CIUs 1,022,857 494,682 28,527 1,546,066
Total 3,075,273 1,093,366 (8,221) 4,160,419
2020        
RSUs 1,255,857 117,570 54,475 1,427,902
CIUs 555,010 126,676 (33,014) 648,673
Total 1,810,867 244,246 21,461 2,076,575

   

(4) The following table reconciles SCT Total for PEO (b2) to Total CAP to PEO (c2):

 

PEO (c2): Fiscal Year
2024
Fiscal Year
2023
Fiscal Year
2022
Fiscal Year
2021
Fiscal Year
2020
SCT Total ($) (A) n/a n/a n/a n/a 5,370,502
Deducted from SCT: Pension Value and Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings ($) (B) n/a n/a n/a n/a 380,329
Added to CAP: Pension Value Attributable to Fiscal Years’ Service and Plan Amendments ($) (C) n/a n/a n/a n/a
Deducted from SCT: Grant Date Fair Value of Awards ($) (D) n/a n/a n/a n/a 2,100,004
Added to CAP: Fair Value of Awards Granted in Fiscal Year ($)(a) (E) n/a n/a n/a n/a 2,284,638
Added to CAP: Change in Fair Value of Prior Years’ Unvested Awards ($)(a) (F) n/a n/a n/a n/a 395,669
Added to CAP: Change in Fair Value of Prior Years’ Awards that Vested in Fiscal ($)(a) (G) n/a n/a n/a n/a 35,607
Total CAP
(A - B + C - D + E + F + G)
n/a n/a n/a n/a 5,606,083

  

(a) The table below shows information on performance-based RSUs and performance-based CIUs previously granted to PEO (c2).

 

PEO (c2):
Fiscal Year Fair Value of Equity
Awards Granted in
Fiscal Year at Fiscal
Year End
($)
Change in Fair Value
of Prior Years’
Awards Unvested
($)
Change in Fair Value
of Prior Years’
Awards that Vested
in Fiscal Year
($)
Equity Fair Value
Included in
Compensation
Actually Paid
($)
2024        
RSUs n/a n/a n/a n/a
CIUs n/a n/a n/a n/a
Total n/a n/a n/a n/a
2023        
RSUs n/a n/a n/a n/a
CIUs n/a n/a n/a n/a
Total n/a n/a n/a n/a
2022        
RSUs n/a n/a n/a n/a
CIUs n/a n/a n/a n/a
Total n/a n/a n/a n/a
2021        
RSUs n/a n/a n/a n/a
CIUs n/a n/a n/a n/a
Total n/a n/a n/a n/a
2020        
RSUs 1,599,049 190,096 90,788 1,879,933
CIUs 685,589 205,573 (55,181) 835,981
Total 2,284,638 395,669 35,607 2,715,914

 

(5) The dollar amounts reported in column (d) are the average amounts of total compensation reported for the Non-PEO NEOs for each corresponding fiscal year in the “Total” column of the SCT. For 2024, the Non-PEO NEOs were Messrs. Brennan, Harnett, Eppers, and Lanza and Ms. Hall. For 2023, the Non-PEO NEOs were Messrs.

Harnett, Lanza, Senia, and Wilcox and Ms. Hall. For 2022, 2021, and 2020, the Non-PEO NEOs were Messrs. Lanza, Senia, and Wilcox, and Ms. Hall.

 

(6) The following table reconciles Average SCT Total for Non-PEO NEOs (d) to Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs (e):

 

Average for Non-PEO NEOs: Fiscal Year
2024
Fiscal Year
2023
Fiscal Year
2022
Fiscal Year
2021
Fiscal Year
2020
SCT Total ($) (A) 1,702,268 1,603,837 1,958,112 1,889,803 2,196,253
Deducted from SCT: Pension Value and Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings ($) (B) 29,919 101,198
Added to CAP: Pension Value Attributable to Fiscal Years’ Service and Plan Amendments ($) (C)
Deducted from SCT: Grant Date Fair Value of Awards ($) (D) 706,829 615,769 665,944 580,838 637,958
Added to CAP: Fair Value of Awards Granted in Fiscal Year ($)(a) (E) 722,054 437,329 863,214 835,690 698,107
Added to CAP: Change in Fair Value of Prior Years’ Unvested Awards ($)(a) (F) (59,313) 132,153 158,607 348,738 120,014
Added to CAP: Change in Fair Value of Prior Years’ Awards that Vested in Fiscal Year ($)(a) (G) (9,305) 62,458 (31,070) (3,263) 12,774
Deducted from CAP: Fair Value at End of Prior Fiscal Year on Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years Not Meeting Vesting Conditions ($)(a) (H) 597,631(b)
Total CAP
(A - B + C - D + E + F + G - H)
1,648,875(d) 992,458(c) 2,282,919 2,490,130 2,287,992

 

(a) The table below shows information on performance-based RSUs and performance-based CIUs previously granted to the Non-PEO NEOs.

 

  Average for Non-PEO NEOs:
Fiscal
Year
Fair Value of
Equity Awards
Granted in Fiscal
Year at Fiscal
Year End
($)
Change in Fair
Value of Prior
Years’ Awards
Unvested
($)
Change in Fair Value
of Prior Years’
Awards that Vested
in Fiscal Year
($)
Fair Value at End of
Prior Fiscal Year on
Awards Granted in
Prior Fiscal Years Not
Meeting Vesting
Conditions
($)
Equity Fair
Value Included
in
Compensation
Actually Paid
($)
2024          
RSUs 573,649 (21,576) (9,305) 542,768
CIUs 148,405 (37,737) 110,668
Total 722,054 (59,313)  (9,305) 653,436
2023          
RSUs 277,099 90,533 62,458 (399,002) 31,088
CIUs 160,230 41,620 (198,629) 3,221
Total 437,329 132,153 62,458 (597,631) 34,309
2022          
RSUs 583,518 108,458 (31,070) 660,907
CIUs 279,695 50,149 329,844
Total 863,214 158,607 (31,070) 990,751
2021          
RSUs 559,612 188,746 (14,317) 734,040
CIUs 276,078 159,992 11,054 447,124
Total 835,690 348,738 (3,263) 1,181,165
2020          
RSUs 485,891 55,881 32,425 574,197
CIUs 212,216 64,133 (19,651) 256,698
Total 698,107 120,014 12,774 830,894

 

(b) Average includes a ($2,988,157) adjustment related to Mr. Wilcox’s forfeited 2021 and 2022 RSU and CIU awards.

(c) Average includes no fair value adjustment related to Mr. Wilcox’s forfeited 2023 RSU and CIU awards and a ($2,988,157) adjustment for his forfeited 2021 and 2022 RSU and CIU awards.

 

(d) Average includes no 2024 CIU award granted to Mr. Brennan and no fair value adjustment of prior years’ unvested awards related to Mr. Brennan, as there were none.

 

(7) We used our peer group for purposes of Item 201(e) of Regulation S-K to calculate peer group total shareholder return. The peer group is a select group of peer companies comprised of Nasdaq-listed companies in SIC Code 6330-6339, Fire, Marine, and Casualty Insurance provided to us by Research Data Group, Inc. The peer group was comprised of the same companies for the 2020-2022 data presented. In 2023, Skyward Specialty Insurance Group, Inc. was added to the peer group and Trean Insurance Group, Inc. and Unico American Corporation were removed from the peer group, as they were both delisted from Nasdaq. In 2024, FG Financial Group Inc. was removed from the peer group, following its merger with FG Group Holdings and resulting formation of Fundamental Global Inc.

       
Company Selected Measure Name     GAAP Combined Ratio        
Named Executive Officers, Footnote    

(1) The dollar amounts reported in columns (b1) and (b2) are the amounts of total compensation reported for the Company’s PEO for each corresponding fiscal year in the “Total” column of the SCT. Mr. Marchioni served as PEO during 2024, 2023, 2022 and 2021. During 2020, Gregory E. Murphy served as PEO until January 31, 2020, after which time Mr. Marchioni was appointed as PEO. Mr. Murphy served as our Executive Chairman from February 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020. Consistent with SEC rules, we have included Mr. Murphy’s total 2020 compensation, including his compensation for service as Executive Chairman from February 1, 2020 through December 31, 2020, as reflected in Mr. Murphy’s total compensation amount set forth in columns (b2) and (c2). No relationship can be drawn between PEO (c2) and performance measures because Mr. Murphy was only a PEO for one month of the reported disclosure period.

(5) The dollar amounts reported in column (d) are the average amounts of total compensation reported for the Non-PEO NEOs for each corresponding fiscal year in the “Total” column of the SCT. For 2024, the Non-PEO NEOs were Messrs. Brennan, Harnett, Eppers, and Lanza and Ms. Hall. For 2023, the Non-PEO NEOs were Messrs.

Harnett, Lanza, Senia, and Wilcox and Ms. Hall. For 2022, 2021, and 2020, the Non-PEO NEOs were Messrs. Lanza, Senia, and Wilcox, and Ms. Hall.

       
Peer Group Issuers, Footnote    

(7) We used our peer group for purposes of Item 201(e) of Regulation S-K to calculate peer group total shareholder return. The peer group is a select group of peer companies comprised of Nasdaq-listed companies in SIC Code 6330-6339, Fire, Marine, and Casualty Insurance provided to us by Research Data Group, Inc. The peer group was comprised of the same companies for the 2020-2022 data presented. In 2023, Skyward Specialty Insurance Group, Inc. was added to the peer group and Trean Insurance Group, Inc. and Unico American Corporation were removed from the peer group, as they were both delisted from Nasdaq. In 2024, FG Financial Group Inc. was removed from the peer group, following its merger with FG Group Holdings and resulting formation of Fundamental Global Inc.

       
Adjustment To PEO Compensation, Footnote    

(3) The following table reconciles SCT Total for PEO (b1) to Total CAP to PEO (c1):

PEO (c1): Fiscal Year
2024
Fiscal Year
2023
Fiscal Year
2022
Fiscal Year
2021
Fiscal
Year 2020
SCT Total ($) (A) 6,314,664 5,983,826 5,810,187 5,435,625 5,130,406
Deducted from SCT: Pension Value and Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings ($) (B) 130,795 239,169
Added to CAP: Pension Value Attributable to Fiscal Years’ Service and Plan Amendments ($) (C)
Deducted from SCT: Grant Date Fair Value of Awards ($) (D) 3,979,260 2,764,181 2,628,160 2,124,100 1,648,685
Added to CAP: Fair Value of Awards Granted in Fiscal Year ($)(a) (E) 4,044,688 3,264,588 3,420,746 3,075,273 1,810,867
Added to CAP: Change in Fair Value of Prior Years’ Unvested Awards ($)(a) (F) (496,125) 1,001,299 584,812 1,093,366 244,246
Added to CAP: Change in Fair Value of Prior Years’ Awards that Vested in Fiscal Year ($)(a) (G) (70,828) 244,070 (86,623) (8,221) 21,461
Total CAP
(A - B + C - D + E + F + G)
5,813,139 7,598,807 7,100,961 7,471,943 5,319,126

(a) The table below shows information on performance-based RSU awards and performance-based CIU awards previously granted to PEO (c1).

PEO (c1):
Fiscal Year Fair Value of Equity
Awards Granted in Fiscal
Year at Fiscal Year End
($)
Change in Fair Value
of Prior Years’
Awards Unvested
($)
Change in Fair Value
of Prior Years’
Awards that Vested in
Fiscal Year
($)
Equity Fair Value
Included in
Compensation
Actually Paid
($)
2024        
RSUs 2,864,620 (186,201) (70,828) 2,607,591
CIUs 1,180,068 (309,924) 870,144
Total 4,044,688 (496,125) (70,828) 3,477,735
2023        
RSUs 2,071,218 696,533 244,070 3,011,821
CIUs 1,193,370 304,766 1,498,136
Total 3,264,588 1,001,299 244,070 4,509,957
2022        
RSUs 2,310,409 406,192 (86,623) 2,629,977
CIUs 1,110,337 178,620 1,288,957
Total 3,420,746 584,812 (86,623) 3,918,934
2021        
RSUs 2,052,416 598,684 (36,748) 2,614,352
CIUs 1,022,857 494,682 28,527 1,546,066
Total 3,075,273 1,093,366 (8,221) 4,160,419
2020        
RSUs 1,255,857 117,570 54,475 1,427,902
CIUs 555,010 126,676 (33,014) 648,673
Total 1,810,867 244,246 21,461 2,076,575

(4) The following table reconciles SCT Total for PEO (b2) to Total CAP to PEO (c2):

PEO (c2): Fiscal Year
2024
Fiscal Year
2023
Fiscal Year
2022
Fiscal Year
2021
Fiscal Year
2020
SCT Total ($) (A) n/a n/a n/a n/a 5,370,502
Deducted from SCT: Pension Value and Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings ($) (B) n/a n/a n/a n/a 380,329
Added to CAP: Pension Value Attributable to Fiscal Years’ Service and Plan Amendments ($) (C) n/a n/a n/a n/a
Deducted from SCT: Grant Date Fair Value of Awards ($) (D) n/a n/a n/a n/a 2,100,004
Added to CAP: Fair Value of Awards Granted in Fiscal Year ($)(a) (E) n/a n/a n/a n/a 2,284,638
Added to CAP: Change in Fair Value of Prior Years’ Unvested Awards ($)(a) (F) n/a n/a n/a n/a 395,669
Added to CAP: Change in Fair Value of Prior Years’ Awards that Vested in Fiscal ($)(a) (G) n/a n/a n/a n/a 35,607
Total CAP
(A - B + C - D + E + F + G)
n/a n/a n/a n/a 5,606,083

(a) The table below shows information on performance-based RSUs and performance-based CIUs previously granted to PEO (c2).

PEO (c2):
Fiscal Year Fair Value of Equity
Awards Granted in
Fiscal Year at Fiscal
Year End
($)
Change in Fair Value
of Prior Years’
Awards Unvested
($)
Change in Fair Value
of Prior Years’
Awards that Vested
in Fiscal Year
($)
Equity Fair Value
Included in
Compensation
Actually Paid
($)
2024        
RSUs n/a n/a n/a n/a
CIUs n/a n/a n/a n/a
Total n/a n/a n/a n/a
2023        
RSUs n/a n/a n/a n/a
CIUs n/a n/a n/a n/a
Total n/a n/a n/a n/a
2022        
RSUs n/a n/a n/a n/a
CIUs n/a n/a n/a n/a
Total n/a n/a n/a n/a
2021        
RSUs n/a n/a n/a n/a
CIUs n/a n/a n/a n/a
Total n/a n/a n/a n/a
2020        
RSUs 1,599,049 190,096 90,788 1,879,933
CIUs 685,589 205,573 (55,181) 835,981
Total 2,284,638 395,669 35,607 2,715,914
       
Non-PEO NEO Average Total Compensation Amount     $ 1,702,268 $ 1,603,837 $ 1,958,112 $ 1,889,803 $ 2,196,253
Non-PEO NEO Average Compensation Actually Paid Amount     $ 1,648,875 992,458 2,282,919 2,490,130 2,287,992
Adjustment to Non-PEO NEO Compensation Footnote    

(6) The following table reconciles Average SCT Total for Non-PEO NEOs (d) to Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs (e):

Average for Non-PEO NEOs: Fiscal Year
2024
Fiscal Year
2023
Fiscal Year
2022
Fiscal Year
2021
Fiscal Year
2020
SCT Total ($) (A) 1,702,268 1,603,837 1,958,112 1,889,803 2,196,253
Deducted from SCT: Pension Value and Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings ($) (B) 29,919 101,198
Added to CAP: Pension Value Attributable to Fiscal Years’ Service and Plan Amendments ($) (C)
Deducted from SCT: Grant Date Fair Value of Awards ($) (D) 706,829 615,769 665,944 580,838 637,958
Added to CAP: Fair Value of Awards Granted in Fiscal Year ($)(a) (E) 722,054 437,329 863,214 835,690 698,107
Added to CAP: Change in Fair Value of Prior Years’ Unvested Awards ($)(a) (F) (59,313) 132,153 158,607 348,738 120,014
Added to CAP: Change in Fair Value of Prior Years’ Awards that Vested in Fiscal Year ($)(a) (G) (9,305) 62,458 (31,070) (3,263) 12,774
Deducted from CAP: Fair Value at End of Prior Fiscal Year on Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years Not Meeting Vesting Conditions ($)(a) (H) 597,631(b)
Total CAP
(A - B + C - D + E + F + G - H)
1,648,875(d) 992,458(c) 2,282,919 2,490,130 2,287,992

(a) The table below shows information on performance-based RSUs and performance-based CIUs previously granted to the Non-PEO NEOs.

  Average for Non-PEO NEOs:
Fiscal
Year
Fair Value of
Equity Awards
Granted in Fiscal
Year at Fiscal
Year End
($)
Change in Fair
Value of Prior
Years’ Awards
Unvested
($)
Change in Fair Value
of Prior Years’
Awards that Vested
in Fiscal Year
($)
Fair Value at End of
Prior Fiscal Year on
Awards Granted in
Prior Fiscal Years Not
Meeting Vesting
Conditions
($)
Equity Fair
Value Included
in
Compensation
Actually Paid
($)
2024          
RSUs 573,649 (21,576) (9,305) 542,768
CIUs 148,405 (37,737) 110,668
Total 722,054 (59,313)  (9,305) 653,436
2023          
RSUs 277,099 90,533 62,458 (399,002) 31,088
CIUs 160,230 41,620 (198,629) 3,221
Total 437,329 132,153 62,458 (597,631) 34,309
2022          
RSUs 583,518 108,458 (31,070) 660,907
CIUs 279,695 50,149 329,844
Total 863,214 158,607 (31,070) 990,751
2021          
RSUs 559,612 188,746 (14,317) 734,040
CIUs 276,078 159,992 11,054 447,124
Total 835,690 348,738 (3,263) 1,181,165
2020          
RSUs 485,891 55,881 32,425 574,197
CIUs 212,216 64,133 (19,651) 256,698
Total 698,107 120,014 12,774 830,894

(b) Average includes a ($2,988,157) adjustment related to Mr. Wilcox’s forfeited 2021 and 2022 RSU and CIU awards.

(c) Average includes no fair value adjustment related to Mr. Wilcox’s forfeited 2023 RSU and CIU awards and a ($2,988,157) adjustment for his forfeited 2021 and 2022 RSU and CIU awards.

(d) Average includes no 2024 CIU award granted to Mr. Brennan and no fair value adjustment of prior years’ unvested awards related to Mr. Brennan, as there were none.

       
Compensation Actually Paid vs. Total Shareholder Return    

CAP versus Selective TSR

In each of 2023, 2022, 2021, and 2020, Selective’s TSR was positive and markedly outperformed the Peer Group TSR. However, in 2024, Selective’s TSR was negative and trailed the Peer Group TSR. The relationship between CAP to PEO (c1) and Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs to Selective’s TSR was largely correlated, as both CAP to PEO (c1) and Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs increased from 2020 to 2021, as Selective’s TSR increased. However, from 2021 to 2022, CAP to PEO (c1) and Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs decreased, while Selective’s TSR increased. From 2022 to 2023, CAP to PEO (c1) increased as TSR also increased, but Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs decreased primarily due to Mr. Wilcox’s departure-related forfeiture in 2023 of outstanding long-term incentive compensation awards. From 2023 to 2024, CAP to PEO (c1) decreased as TSR also decreased. Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs was higher in 2024 compared to 2023, primarily because the 2023 Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs reflected Mr. Wilcox’s forfeiture of outstanding long-term incentive compensation awards referenced above.

       
Compensation Actually Paid vs. Net Income    

CAP versus Selective Net Income

 

 

 

The relationship between CAP to PEO (c1) and Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs to Selective’s net income was reasonably correlated for 2020 through 2024. CAP to PEO (c1) and Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs increased as net income increased from 2020 to 2021. CAP to PEO (c1) and Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs decreased as net income decreased from 2021 to 2022. From 2022 to 2023, CAP to PEO (c1) increased as net income increased, but Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs decreased primarily due to Mr. Wilcox’s departure-related forfeiture in 2023 of outstanding long-term incentive compensation awards. From 2023 to 2024, CAP to PEO (c1) decreased as net income also decreased. Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs was higher in 2024 compared to 2023, primarily because the 2023 Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs reflected Mr. Wilcox’s forfeiture of outstanding long-term incentive compensation awards referenced above.

       
Compensation Actually Paid vs. Company Selected Measure    

CAP versus Selective GAAP Combined Ratio

 

 

For each of 2023, 2022, 2021, and 2020 Selective generated strong GAAP combined ratio results. However, for 2024, the GAAP combined ratio was adversely impacted primarily by unfavorable prior year casualty reserve development. The relationship between CAP to PEO (c1) and Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs to Selective’s GAAP combined ratio for 2020 through 2024 was reasonably correlated. CAP to PEO (c1) and Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs increased as the GAAP combined ratio improved from 2020 to 2021. CAP to PEO (c1) and Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs decreased for 2021 to 2022 as the GAAP combined ratio weakened. From 2022 to 2023, CAP to PEO (c1) increased modestly due to stock price appreciation as the GAAP combined ratio weakened marginally, while the Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs decreased, in part due to Mr. Wilcox’s departure-related forfeiture in 2023 of outstanding long-term incentive compensation awards. From 2023 to 2024, CAP to PEO (c1) decreased as the combined ratio weakened. Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs was higher in 2024 compared to 2023, primarily because the 2023 Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs reflected Mr. Wilcox’s forfeiture of outstanding long-term incentive compensation awards referenced above.

       
Total Shareholder Return Vs Peer Group    

CAP versus Selective TSR

In each of 2023, 2022, 2021, and 2020, Selective’s TSR was positive and markedly outperformed the Peer Group TSR. However, in 2024, Selective’s TSR was negative and trailed the Peer Group TSR. The relationship between CAP to PEO (c1) and Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs to Selective’s TSR was largely correlated, as both CAP to PEO (c1) and Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs increased from 2020 to 2021, as Selective’s TSR increased. However, from 2021 to 2022, CAP to PEO (c1) and Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs decreased, while Selective’s TSR increased. From 2022 to 2023, CAP to PEO (c1) increased as TSR also increased, but Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs decreased primarily due to Mr. Wilcox’s departure-related forfeiture in 2023 of outstanding long-term incentive compensation awards. From 2023 to 2024, CAP to PEO (c1) decreased as TSR also decreased. Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs was higher in 2024 compared to 2023, primarily because the 2023 Average CAP to Non-PEO NEOs reflected Mr. Wilcox’s forfeiture of outstanding long-term incentive compensation awards referenced above.

       
Tabular List, Table    

Important Financial Performance Measures

 

The following unranked tabular list sets forth the most important performance measures used by Selective to link CAP for all NEOs to company performance for 2024:

 

GAAP Combined Ratio
Cumulative non-GAAP operating ROE* / cumulative statutory operating return on policyholders’ surplus
Cumulative policy count growth
Cumulative statutory net premiums written growth
Profitability improvement
Expense management and operational efficiency
Customer experience

* See the Compensation Discussion and Analysis section of this Proxy Statement for a discussion of non-GAAP operating ROE, which is a non-GAAP performance measure.

       
Total Shareholder Return Amount     $ 154.01 161.42 142.03 129.52 104.46
Peer Group Total Shareholder Return Amount     161.18 123.18 108.7 101.26 90.45
Net Income (Loss)     $ 207,012,000 $ 365,238,000 $ 224,886,000 $ 403,837,000 $ 246,355,000
Company Selected Measure Amount     103 96.5 95.1 92.8 94.9
PEO Name Gregory E. Murphy Mr. Marchioni Mr. Marchioni Mr. Marchioni Mr. Marchioni Mr. Marchioni  
Measure:: 1              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Name     GAAP Combined Ratio        
Measure:: 2              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Name     Cumulative non-GAAP operating ROE* / cumulative statutory operating return on policyholders’ surplus        
Measure:: 3              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Name     Cumulative policy count growth        
Measure:: 4              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Name     Cumulative statutory net premiums written growth        
Measure:: 5              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Name     Profitability improvement        
Measure:: 6              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Name     Expense management and operational efficiency        
Measure:: 7              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Name     Customer experience        
Mr. Marchioni [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
PEO Total Compensation Amount     $ 6,314,664 $ 5,983,826 $ 5,810,187 $ 5,435,625 $ 5,130,406
PEO Actually Paid Compensation Amount     5,813,139 7,598,807 7,100,961 7,471,943 5,319,126
Mr. Murphy [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
PEO Total Compensation Amount     0 0 0 0 5,370,502
PEO Actually Paid Compensation Amount     0 0 0 0 5,606,083
Mr. Wilcox [Member] | Adjustment For Equity Awards Forfeited RSU and CIU Awards [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount       (2,988,157)      
PEO | Mr. Marchioni [Member] | Aggregate Change in Present Value of Accumulated Benefit for All Pension Plans Reported in Summary Compensation Table              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     0 (130,795) 0 0 (239,169)
PEO | Mr. Marchioni [Member] | Aggregate Pension Adjustments Service Cost              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     0 0 0 0 0
PEO | Mr. Marchioni [Member] | Aggregate Grant Date Fair Value of Equity Award Amounts Reported in Summary Compensation Table              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     (3,979,260) (2,764,181) (2,628,160) (2,124,100) (1,648,685)
PEO | Mr. Marchioni [Member] | Equity Awards Adjustments, Excluding Value Reported in Compensation Table              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     3,477,735 4,509,957 3,918,934 4,160,419 2,076,575
PEO | Mr. Marchioni [Member] | Year-end Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Covered Year that are Outstanding and Unvested              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     4,044,688 3,264,588 3,420,746 3,075,273 1,810,867
PEO | Mr. Marchioni [Member] | Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Prior Years That are Outstanding and Unvested              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     (496,125) 1,001,299 584,812 1,093,366 244,246
PEO | Mr. Marchioni [Member] | Change in Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Prior Year Equity Awards Vested in Covered Year              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     (70,828) 244,070 (86,623) (8,221) 21,461
PEO | Mr. Marchioni [Member] | Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Fiscal Year at Fiscal Year End, RSUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     2,864,620 2,071,218 2,310,409 2,052,416 1,255,857
PEO | Mr. Marchioni [Member] | Change in Fair Value of Prior Years Awards Unvested, RSUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     (186,201) 696,533 406,192 598,684 117,570
PEO | Mr. Marchioni [Member] | Change in Fair Value of Prior Years Awards that Vested in Fiscal Year, RSUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     (70,828) 244,070 (86,623) (36,748) 54,475
PEO | Mr. Marchioni [Member] | Equity Fair Value Included in Compensation Actually Paid, RSUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     2,607,591 3,011,821 2,629,977 2,614,352 1,427,902
PEO | Mr. Marchioni [Member] | Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Fiscal Year at Fiscal Year End, CIUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     1,180,068 1,193,370 1,110,337 1,022,857 555,010
PEO | Mr. Marchioni [Member] | Change in Fair Value of Prior Years Awards Unvested, CIUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     (309,924) 304,766 178,620 494,682 126,676
PEO | Mr. Marchioni [Member] | Change in Fair Value of Prior Years Awards that Vested in Fiscal Year, CIUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     0 0 0 28,527 (33,014)
PEO | Mr. Marchioni [Member] | Equity Fair Value Included in Compensation Actually Paid, CIUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     870,144 1,498,136 1,288,957 1,546,066 648,673
PEO | Mr. Murphy [Member] | Aggregate Change in Present Value of Accumulated Benefit for All Pension Plans Reported in Summary Compensation Table              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount             (380,329)
PEO | Mr. Murphy [Member] | Aggregate Pension Adjustments Service Cost              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount             0
PEO | Mr. Murphy [Member] | Aggregate Grant Date Fair Value of Equity Award Amounts Reported in Summary Compensation Table              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount             (2,100,004)
PEO | Mr. Murphy [Member] | Equity Awards Adjustments, Excluding Value Reported in Compensation Table              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount             2,715,914
PEO | Mr. Murphy [Member] | Year-end Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Covered Year that are Outstanding and Unvested              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount             2,284,638
PEO | Mr. Murphy [Member] | Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Prior Years That are Outstanding and Unvested              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount             395,669
PEO | Mr. Murphy [Member] | Change in Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Prior Year Equity Awards Vested in Covered Year              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount             35,607
PEO | Mr. Murphy [Member] | Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Fiscal Year at Fiscal Year End, RSUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount             1,599,049
PEO | Mr. Murphy [Member] | Change in Fair Value of Prior Years Awards Unvested, RSUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount             190,096
PEO | Mr. Murphy [Member] | Change in Fair Value of Prior Years Awards that Vested in Fiscal Year, RSUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount             90,788
PEO | Mr. Murphy [Member] | Equity Fair Value Included in Compensation Actually Paid, RSUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount             1,879,933
PEO | Mr. Murphy [Member] | Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Fiscal Year at Fiscal Year End, CIUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount             685,589
PEO | Mr. Murphy [Member] | Change in Fair Value of Prior Years Awards Unvested, CIUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount             205,573
PEO | Mr. Murphy [Member] | Change in Fair Value of Prior Years Awards that Vested in Fiscal Year, CIUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount             (55,181)
PEO | Mr. Murphy [Member] | Equity Fair Value Included in Compensation Actually Paid, CIUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount             835,981
Non-PEO NEO | Aggregate Change in Present Value of Accumulated Benefit for All Pension Plans Reported in Summary Compensation Table              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     0 (29,919) 0 0 (101,198)
Non-PEO NEO | Aggregate Pension Adjustments Service Cost              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     0 0 0 0 0
Non-PEO NEO | Aggregate Grant Date Fair Value of Equity Award Amounts Reported in Summary Compensation Table              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     (706,829) (615,769) (665,944) (580,838) (637,958)
Non-PEO NEO | Equity Awards Adjustments, Excluding Value Reported in Compensation Table              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     653,436 34,309 990,751 1,181,165 830,894
Non-PEO NEO | Year-end Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Covered Year that are Outstanding and Unvested              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     722,054 437,329 863,214 835,690 698,107
Non-PEO NEO | Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Prior Years That are Outstanding and Unvested              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     (59,313) 132,153 158,607 348,738 120,014
Non-PEO NEO | Change in Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Prior Year Equity Awards Vested in Covered Year              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     (9,305) 62,458 (31,070) (3,263) 12,774
Non-PEO NEO | Prior Year End Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Any Prior Year that Fail to Meet Applicable Vesting Conditions During Covered Year              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     0 (597,631) 0 0 0
Non-PEO NEO | Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Fiscal Year at Fiscal Year End, RSUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     573,649 277,099 583,518 559,612 485,891
Non-PEO NEO | Change in Fair Value of Prior Years Awards Unvested, RSUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     (21,576) 90,533 108,458 188,746 55,881
Non-PEO NEO | Change in Fair Value of Prior Years Awards that Vested in Fiscal Year, RSUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     (9,305) 62,458 (31,070) (14,317) 32,425
Non-PEO NEO | Equity Fair Value Included in Compensation Actually Paid, RSUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     542,768 31,088 660,907 734,040 574,197
Non-PEO NEO | Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Fiscal Year at Fiscal Year End, CIUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     148,405 160,230 279,695 276,078 212,216
Non-PEO NEO | Change in Fair Value of Prior Years Awards Unvested, CIUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     (37,737) 41,620 50,149 159,992 64,133
Non-PEO NEO | Change in Fair Value of Prior Years Awards that Vested in Fiscal Year, CIUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     0 0 0 11,054 (19,651)
Non-PEO NEO | Equity Fair Value Included in Compensation Actually Paid, CIUs [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     110,668 3,221 329,844 447,124 256,698
Non-PEO NEO | Fair Value at End of Prior Fiscal Year on Awards Granted Not Meeting Vesting Conditions Restricted Stock Units [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     0 (399,002) 0 0 0
Non-PEO NEO | Fair Value at End of Prior Fiscal Year on Awards Granted Not Meeting Vesting Conditions Cash Incentive Units [Member]              
Pay vs Performance Disclosure              
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount     $ 0 $ (198,629) $ 0 $ 0 $ 0