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Stock-Based Compensation | 3 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2013
Stock-Based Compensation | NOTE 10. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION Arrowhead has two plans that provide for equity-based compensation. Under the 2000 Stock Option Plan, 153,200 shares of Arrowhead’s Common Stock are reserved for issuance upon exercise of non-qualified stock options. No further grants can be made under the 2000 Stock Option Plan. The 2004 Equity Incentive Plan reserves 2,902,360 shares for the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards and performance unit/share awards by the Board of Directors to employees, consultants and others. As of December 31, 201 3, there were options granted and outstanding to purchase 152,900 and 2,874,640 shares of Common Stock under the 2000 Stock Option Plan and the 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, respectively. Also, as of December 31, 2013, there were 395,950 shares reserved for options issued outside of equity compensation plans, as inducement grants to new employees. During three months ended December 31, 201 3, No options were granted under the 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, and 105,000 options were granted outside of equity incentive plans as inducement stock options to new employees. The following tables summarize information about stock options:
| Number of Options Outstanding |  |  | Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share |  |  | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term |  |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
Balance At September 30, 201 1 |  | 729,096 |  |  | $ | 9.03 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Granted |  | 1,229,500 |  |  |  | 4.40 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cancelled |  | (42,919 | ) |  |  | 11.77 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  | (4,883 | ) |  |  | 5.20 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance At September 30, 201 2 |  | 1,910,794 |  |  |  | 6.10 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Granted |  | 1,509,166 |  |  |  | 2.03 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cancelled |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  | (675 | ) |  |  | 3.93 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance At September 30, 201 3 |  | 3,419,285 |  |  | $ | 4.68 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Granted |  | 105,000 |  |  |  | 7.98 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cancelled |  | (37,970) |  |  |  | 4.77 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  | (62,825) |  |  |  | 4.83 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance At December 31, 201 3 |  | 3,423,490 |  |  | $ | 4.77 |  |  |  | 8.1 years |  |  | $ | 21,646,786 |
Exercisable At December 31, 201 3 |  | 1,377,779 |  |  | $ | 7.25 |  |  |  | 7.6 years |  |  | $ | 7,038,191 |
Stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended December 31, 201 3 and 201 2 was $521,138 and $395,674, respectively. There is no income tax benefit as the Company is currently operating at a loss and an actual income tax benefit may not be realized. The loss creates a timing difference, resulting in a deferred tax asset, which is fully reserved by a valuation allowance. The fair value of the options granted by Arrowhead for the three months ended December 31, 201 3 and 201 2 is estimated at $531,510 and $6,083, respectively. No Calando stock options were issued during the three months ended December 31, 2013 or 2012. The intrinsic value of the options exercised during the three months ended December 31, 201 3 and 201 2 was $314,858 and $554, respectively. As of December 31, 201 3, the pre-tax compensation expense for all unvested stock options at Arrowhead in the amount of approximately $5,111,999 will be recognized in our results of operations over a weighted average period of 3.0 years. As of December 31, 201 3, the pre-tax compensation expense for all unvested stock options at Calando in the amount of approximately $28,695 will be recognized in our results of operations over a weighted average period of 1.8 years. The fair value of each stock option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options, which do not have vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. The determination of the fair value of each stock option is affected by our stock price on the date of grant, as well as assumptions regarding a number of highly complex and subjective variables. Because the Company’s employee stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management’s opinion, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of its employee stock options. The assumptions used to value stock options are as follows:
|  | Three months ended December 31,
|  | 201 3 |  | 201 2
Dividend yield |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Risk-free interest rate |  |  | 1.90 | % |  |  | 0.7% to 1.0% |
Volatility |  |  | 69 | % |  |  | 69 | %
Expected life (in years) |  |  | 6.25 |  |  |  | 5.5 to 6.25 |
Weighted average grant date fair value per share of options granted |  | $ | 5.06 |  |  | $ | 1.51 |
The dividend yield is zero as the Company currently does not pay a dividend. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury bond. Volatility is estimated based on volatility average of the Company’s Common Stock price.

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of components of a stock option or other award plan under which equity-based compensation is awarded to employees, typically comprised of the amount of unearned compensation (deferred compensation cost), compensation expense, and changes in the quantity and fair value of the shares (or other type of equity) granted, exercised, forfeited, and issued and outstanding pertaining to that plan. Disclosure may also include nature and general terms of such arrangements that existed during the period and potential effects of those arrangements on shareholders, effect of compensation cost arising from equity-based payment arrangements on the income statement, method of estimating the fair value of the goods or services received, or the fair value of the equity instruments granted, during the period, cash flow effects resulting from equity-based payment arrangements and, for registrants that accelerate vesting of out of the money share options, reasons for the decision to accelerate. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6415400&loc=d3e5047-113901 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6415400&loc=d3e5070-113901 + Details
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