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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ___________ to ___________
Commission File No. 1-12504
THE MACERICH COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Maryland |  |  |  |  | 95-4448705
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  |  |  |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
401 Wilshire Boulevard, | Suite 700, | Santa Monica, | California |  | 90401
(Address of principal executive office) |  |  |  |  | (Zip Code)
|  | (310) |  | 394-6000 |
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code) |  |  |  |  |
N/A (Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report) |  |  |  |  |

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities Act:

Title of each class | Trading symbol | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 Par Value | MAC | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding twelve (12) months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past ninety (90) days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding twelve (12) months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer", "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer | x |  | Accelerated Filer | ☐ |  | Non-Accelerated Filer | ☐ |  | Smaller Reporting Company | ☐
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Emerging Growth Company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
Number of shares outstanding as of May 8, 2020 of the registrant's common stock, par value $0.01 per share: 141,534,987 shares

THE MACERICH COMPANY
FORM 10-Q
INDEX

Part I |  | Financial Information |  |
Item 1. |  | Financial Statements (Unaudited) |  | 3
|  | Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 |  | 3
|  | Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 |  | 4
|  | Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 |  | 5
|  | Consolidated Statements of Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 |  | 6
|  | Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows |  | 7
|  | Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements |  | 9
Item 2. |  | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |  | 25
Item 3. |  | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |  | 37
Item 4. |  | Controls and Procedures |  | 38
Part II |  | Other Information |  |
Item 1. |  | Legal Proceedings |  | 38
Item 1A. |  | Risk Factors |  | 38
Item 2. |  | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds |  | 40
Item 3. |  | Defaults Upon Senior Securities |  | 40
Item 4. |  | Mine Safety Disclosures |  | 40
Item 5. |  | Other Information |  | 40
Item 6. |  | Exhibits |  | 41
Signature |  |  |  | 43

2

Table of Contents
THE MACERICH COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in thousands, except par value)
(Unaudited)

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
ASSETS: |  |  |
Property, net | $ | 6,558,075 |  |  | $ | 6,643,513 |
Cash and cash equivalents | 652,354 |  |  | 100,005 |
Restricted cash | 10,753 |  |  | 14,211 |
Tenant and other receivables, net | 133,589 |  |  | 144,035 |
Right-of-use assets, net | 143,637 |  |  | 148,087 |
Deferred charges and other assets, net | 250,648 |  |  | 277,866 |
Due from affiliates | 9,766 |  |  | 6,157 |
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures | 1,540,826 |  |  | 1,519,697 |
Total assets | $ | 9,299,648 |  |  | $ | 8,853,571 |
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY: |  |  |
Mortgage notes payable | $ | 4,384,680 |  |  | $ | 4,392,599 |
Bank and other notes payable | 1,478,006 |  |  | 817,377 |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 66,991 |  |  | 51,027 |
Lease liabilities | 115,899 |  |  | 114,201 |
Other accrued liabilities | 197,040 |  |  | 265,595 |
Distributions in excess of investments in unconsolidated joint ventures | 107,156 |  |  | 107,902 |
Financing arrangement obligation | 225,516 |  |  | 273,900 |
Total liabilities | 6,575,288 |  |  | 6,022,601 |
Commitments and contingencies |  |  |
Equity: |  |  |
Stockholders' equity: |  |  |
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized, 141,572,289 and 141,407,650 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively | 1,416 |  |  | 1,414 |
Additional paid-in capital | 4,590,709 |  |  | 4,583,911 |
Accumulated deficit | (2,042,688) |  |  | (1,944,012) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (15,446) |  |  | (9,051) |
Total stockholders' equity | 2,533,991 |  |  | 2,632,262 |
Noncontrolling interests | 190,369 |  |  | 198,708 |
Total equity | 2,724,360 |  |  | 2,830,970 |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 9,299,648 |  |  | $ | 8,853,571 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
3

Table of Contents
THE MACERICH COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

|  |  |  |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  |  |  |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Leasing revenue |  |  |  |  | $ | 210,721 |  |  | $ | 211,008 |
Other |  |  |  |  | 9,258 |  |  | 5,334 |
Management Companies |  |  |  |  | 6,973 |  |  | 10,180 |
Total revenues |  |  |  |  | 226,952 |  |  | 226,522 |
Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Shopping center and operating expenses |  |  |  |  | 70,725 |  |  | 69,604 |
Leasing expenses |  |  |  |  | 7,425 |  |  | 7,505 |
Management Companies' operating expenses |  |  |  |  | 16,224 |  |  | 19,014 |
REIT general and administrative expenses |  |  |  |  | 6,821 |  |  | 6,961 |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  |  |  | 82,213 |  |  | 81,468 |
|  |  |  |  | 183,408 |  |  | 184,552 |
Interest (income) expense: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Related parties |  |  |  |  | (44,243) |  |  | (10,447) |
Other |  |  |  |  | 52,317 |  |  | 48,804 |
|  |  |  |  | 8,074 |  |  | 38,357 |
Loss on extinguishment of debt, net |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 351 |
Total expenses |  |  |  |  | 191,482 |  |  | 223,260 |
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures |  |  |  |  | 9,698 |  |  | 12,243 |
Income tax benefit (expense) |  |  |  |  | 266 |  |  | (346) |
Loss on sale or write down of assets, net |  |  |  |  | (36,703) |  |  | (6,316) |
Net income |  |  |  |  | 8,731 |  |  | 8,843 |
Less net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |  | 1,209 |  |  | 1,019 |
Net income attributable to the Company |  |  |  |  | $ | 7,522 |  |  | $ | 7,824 |
Earnings per common share—attributable to common stockholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.05 |  |  | $ | 0.05 |
Diluted |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.05 |  |  | $ | 0.05 |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  |  |  |  | 141,437,000 |  |  | 141,262,000 |
Diluted |  |  |  |  | 141,437,000 |  |  | 141,262,000 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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THE MACERICH COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)

|  |  |  |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  |  |  |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Net income |  |  |  |  | $ | 8,731 |  |  | $ | 8,843 |
Other comprehensive loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate cap/swap agreements |  |  |  |  | (6,395) |  |  | (2,045) |
Comprehensive income |  |  |  |  | 2,336 |  |  | 6,798 |
Less net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |  | 1,209 |  |  | 1,019 |
Comprehensive income attributable to the Company |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,127 |  |  | $ | 5,779 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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THE MACERICH COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019

| Stockholders' Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Common Stock |  |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Total Stockholders' Equity |  |  |  |
| Shares |  | Par Value |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Noncontrolling Interests |  | Total Equity
Balance at January 1, 2020 | 141,407,650 |  |  | $ | 1,414 |  |  | $ | 4,583,911 |  |  | $ | (1,944,012) |  |  | $ | (9,051) |  |  | $ | 2,632,262 |  |  | $ | 198,708 |  |  | $ | 2,830,970 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,522 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,522 |  |  | 1,209 |  |  | 8,731 |
Interest rate cap/swap agreements | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,395) |  |  | (6,395) |  |  | — |  |  | (6,395) |
Amortization of share and unit-based plans | 80,917 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 5,602 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,603 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,603 |
Distributions paid ($0.75 per share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (106,198) |  |  | — |  |  | (106,198) |  |  | — |  |  | (106,198) |
Distributions to noncontrolling interests | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (8,474) |  |  | (8,474) |
Contributions from noncontrolling interests | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 125 |  |  | 125 |
Conversion of noncontrolling interests to common shares | 83,722 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 5,796 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,797 |  |  | (5,797) |  |  | — |
Redemption of noncontrolling interests | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (2) |
Adjustment of noncontrolling interests in Operating Partnership | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4,599) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4,599) |  |  | 4,599 |  |  | — |
Balance at March 31, 2020 | 141,572,289 |  |  | $ | 1,416 |  |  | $ | 4,590,709 |  |  | $ | (2,042,688) |  |  | $ | (15,446) |  |  | $ | 2,533,991 |  |  | $ | 190,369 |  |  | $ | 2,724,360 |

| Stockholders' Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Common Stock |  |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Total Stockholders' Equity |  |  |  |
| Shares |  | Par Value |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Noncontrolling Interests |  | Total Equity
Balance at January 1, 2019 | 141,221,712 |  |  | $ | 1,412 |  |  | $ | 4,567,643 |  |  | $ | (1,614,357) |  |  | $ | (4,466) |  |  | $ | 2,950,232 |  |  | $ | 238,200 |  |  | $ | 3,188,432 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,824 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,824 |  |  | 1,019 |  |  | 8,843 |
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASC 842 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,203) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,203) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,203) |
Interest rate cap/swap agreements | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,045) |  |  | (2,045) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,045) |
Amortization of share and unit-based plans | 90,074 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 6,664 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,665 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,665 |
Distributions declared ($0.75 per share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (106,053) |  |  | — |  |  | (106,053) |  |  | — |  |  | (106,053) |
Distributions to noncontrolling interests | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (8,343) |  |  | (8,343) |
Conversion of noncontrolling interests to common shares | 21,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,005 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,005 |  |  | (1,005) |  |  | — |
Redemption of noncontrolling interests | — |  |  | — |  |  | (15) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (15) |  |  | (12) |  |  | (27) |
Adjustment of noncontrolling interests in Operating Partnership | — |  |  | — |  |  | (697) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (697) |  |  | 697 |  |  | — |
Balance at March 31, 2019 | 141,332,786 |  |  | $ | 1,413 |  |  | $ | 4,574,600 |  |  | $ | (1,714,789) |  |  | $ | (6,511) |  |  | $ | 2,854,713 |  |  | $ | 230,556 |  |  | $ | 3,085,269 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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THE MACERICH COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
| 2020 |  | 2019
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 8,731 |  |  | $ | 8,843 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Loss on extinguishment of debt, net | — |  |  | 351 |
Loss on sale or write down of assets, net | 36,703 |  |  | 6,316 |
Depreciation and amortization | 83,827 |  |  | 83,233 |
Amortization of premium on mortgage notes payable | (229) |  |  | (234) |
Amortization of share and unit-based plans | 4,224 |  |  | 5,519 |
Straight-line rent and amortization of above and below market leases | (243) |  |  | (2,650) |
Provision for doubtful accounts | 913 |  |  | 1,826 |
Income tax (benefit) expense | (266) |  |  | 346 |
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures | (9,698) |  |  | (12,243) |
Distributions of income from unconsolidated joint ventures | — |  |  | 118 |
Change in fair value of financing arrangement obligation | (48,384) |  |  | (14,265) |
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of dispositions: |  |  |
Tenant and other receivables | 11,673 |  |  | 16,867 |
Other assets | 1,037 |  |  | 9,284 |
Due from affiliates | (4,766) |  |  | 5,148 |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 15,937 |  |  | 8,715 |
Other accrued liabilities | (49,759) |  |  | (18,334) |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 49,700 |  |  | 98,840 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Development, redevelopment, expansion and renovation of properties | (26,406) |  |  | (28,256) |
Property improvements | (1,845) |  |  | (8,827) |
Proceeds from repayment of notes receivable | — |  |  | 65,348 |
Deferred leasing costs | (981) |  |  | (8,848) |
Distributions from unconsolidated joint ventures | 21,693 |  |  | 41,439 |
Contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures | (33,870) |  |  | (63,093) |
Proceeds from sale of assets | — |  |  | 1,015 |
Net cash used in investing activities | (41,409) |  |  | (1,222) |

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THE MACERICH COMPANY CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued) (Dollars in thousands) (Unaudited) |  |  |
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
| 2020 |  | 2019
Proceeds from mortgages, bank and other notes payable | 660,000 |  |  | 425,000 |
Payments on mortgages, bank and other notes payable | (8,676) |  |  | (397,358) |
Deferred financing costs | — |  |  | (965) |
Proceeds from finance lease | 4,115 |  |  | — |
Payments on finance leases | (290) |  |  | (278) |
Payment of finance deposits | — |  |  | (4,820) |
Redemption of noncontrolling interests | (2) |  |  | (27) |
Contribution from noncontrolling interests | 125 |  |  | — |
Dividends and distributions | (114,672) |  |  | (114,396) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 540,600 |  |  | (92,844) |
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 548,891 |  |  | 4,774 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | 114,216 |  |  | 149,301 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $ | 663,107 |  |  | $ | 154,075 |
Supplemental cash flow information: |  |  |
Cash payments for interest, net of amounts capitalized | $ | 52,989 |  |  | $ | 50,650 |
Non-cash investing and financing transactions: |  |  |
Accrued development costs included in accounts payable and accrued expenses and other accrued liabilities | $ | 28,250 |  |  | $ | 42,539 |
Conversion of Operating Partnership Units to common stock | $ | 5,797 |  |  | $ | 1,005 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
8

THE MACERICH COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollars in thousands, except per share and square foot amounts)
(Unaudited)
1. Organization:
The Macerich Company (the "Company") is involved in the acquisition, ownership, development, redevelopment, management and leasing of regional and community/power shopping centers (the "Centers") located throughout the United States.
The Company commenced operations effective with the completion of its initial public offering on March 16, 1994. As of March 31, 2020, the Company was the sole general partner of and held a 93% ownership interest in The Macerich Partnership, L.P. (the "Operating Partnership"). The Company was organized to qualify as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code").
The property management, leasing and redevelopment of the Company's portfolio is provided by the Company's management companies, Macerich Property Management Company, LLC, a single member Delaware limited liability company, Macerich Management Company, a California corporation, Macerich Arizona Partners LLC, a single member Arizona limited liability company, Macerich Arizona Management LLC, a single member Delaware limited liability company, Macerich Partners of Colorado LLC, a single member Colorado limited liability company, MACW Mall Management, Inc., a New York corporation, and MACW Property Management, LLC, a single member New York limited liability company. All seven of the management companies are collectively referred to herein as the "Management Companies."
All references to the Company in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include the Company, those entities owned or controlled by the Company and predecessors of the Company, unless the context indicates otherwise.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:
Basis of Presentation:
The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. They do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements and have not been audited by an independent registered public accounting firm.
The Company's sole significant asset is its investment in the Operating Partnership and as a result, substantially all of the Company's assets and liabilities represent the assets and liabilities of the Operating Partnership. In addition, the Operating Partnership has investments in a number of consolidated variable interest entities ("VIEs").
The Operating Partnership's consolidated VIEs included the following assets and liabilities:

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Assets: |  |  |
Property, net | $ | 254,911 |  |  | $ | 254,071 |
Other assets | 26,347 |  |  | 30,049 |
Total assets | $ | 281,258 |  |  | $ | 284,120 |
Liabilities: |  |  |
Mortgage notes payable | $ | 219,163 |  |  | $ | 219,140 |
Other liabilities | 26,364 |  |  | 32,101 |
Total liabilities | $ | 245,527 |  |  | $ | 251,241 |

All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.
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THE MACERICH COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share and square foot amounts)
(Unaudited)
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies: (Continued)
The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements for the interim periods have been made. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 has been derived from the audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning of period and end of period cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported on the Company's consolidated balance sheets to the totals shown on its consolidated statements of cash flows:

| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
| 2020 |  | 2019
Beginning of period |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 100,005 |  |  | $ | 102,711 |
Restricted cash | 14,211 |  |  | 46,590 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 114,216 |  |  | $ | 149,301 |
End of period |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 652,354 |  |  | $ | 111,022 |
Restricted cash | 10,753 |  |  | 43,053 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 663,107 |  |  | $ | 154,075 |

COVID-19 Pandemic:
On March 11, 2020, the novel coronavirus ("COVID-19") outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. As a result, all of the markets that the Company operates in were subject to stay-at-home orders, and the majority of its properties were temporarily closed in part or completely. The Company has been proactively working with all its stakeholders, including its tenants, lenders and suppliers, to mitigate the impact of the economic shut down.
COVID-19 Lease Accounting:
In April 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued a Staff Question-and-Answer (“Q&A”) to clarify whether lease concessions related to the effects of COVID-19 require the application of the lease modification guidance under Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 842 "Leases". Under ASC 842, the Company would have to determine, on a lease-by-lease basis, if a lease concession was the result of a new arrangement reached with the tenant or an enforceable right and obligation within the existing lease. The Q&A allows for the bypass of a lease-by-lease analysis, and allows the Company to elect to either apply the lease modification accounting framework or not, to all of its lease concessions with similar characteristics and circumstances. The Company's adoption of the Q&A guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2020.
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THE MACERICH COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share and square foot amounts)
(Unaudited)
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies: (Continued)
3. Earnings Per Share ("EPS"):
The following table reconciles the numerator and denominator used in the computation of EPS for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 (shares in thousands):

|  |  |  |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  |  |  |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Numerator |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  |  |  |  | $ | 8,731 |  |  | $ | 8,843 |
Less net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |  | (1,209) |  |  | (1,019) |
Net income attributable to the Company |  |  |  |  | 7,522 |  |  | 7,824 |
Allocation of earnings to participating securities |  |  |  |  | (322) |  |  | (281) |
Numerator for basic and diluted EPS—net income attributable to common stockholders |  |  |  |  | $ | 7,200 |  |  | $ | 7,543 |
Denominator |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Denominator for basic and diluted EPS—weighted average number of common shares outstanding(1) |  |  |  |  | 141,437 |  |  | 141,262 |
EPS—net income attributable to common stockholders |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic and diluted |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.05 |  |  | $ | 0.05 |

(1) Diluted EPS excludes 90,619 convertible preferred partnership units for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, as their impact was antidilutive. Diluted EPS also excludes 10,477,827 and 10,415,190 Operating Partnership units ("OP Units") for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, as their impact was antidilutive.
4. Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures:
The Company has made the following recent financings of its unconsolidated joint ventures:
On July 25, 2019, the Company's joint venture in Fashion District Philadelphia amended the existing term loan on the joint venture to allow for additional borrowings up to $100,000 at LIBOR plus 2%. Concurrent with the amendment, the joint venture borrowed an additional $26,000. On August 16, 2019, the joint venture borrowed an additional $25,000. The Company used its share of the additional proceeds to pay down its line of credit and for general corporate purposes.
On September 12, 2019, the Company’s joint venture in Tysons Tower placed a new $190,000 loan on the property that bears interest at an effective rate of 3.38% and matures on November 11, 2029. The Company used its share of the proceeds to pay down its line of credit and for general corporate purposes.
On December 18, 2019, the Company’s joint venture in One Westside placed a $414,600 construction loan on the redevelopment project. The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.70%, which can be reduced to LIBOR plus 1.50% upon the completion of certain conditions, and matures on December 18, 2024. This loan is expected to fund the joint venture's remaining cost to complete the project.
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THE MACERICH COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share and square foot amounts)
(Unaudited)
4. Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures: (Continued)
Combined and condensed balance sheets and statements of operations are presented below for all unconsolidated joint ventures.
Combined and Condensed Balance Sheets of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures:

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Assets(1): |  |  |
Property, net | $ | 9,414,762 |  |  | $ | 9,424,591 |
Other assets | 752,159 |  |  | 772,116 |
Total assets | $ | 10,166,921 |  |  | $ | 10,196,707 |
Liabilities and partners' capital(1): |  |  |
Mortgage and other notes payable | $ | 6,125,614 |  |  | $ | 6,144,685 |
Other liabilities | 495,817 |  |  | 565,412 |
Company's capital | 1,916,313 |  |  | 1,904,145 |
Outside partners' capital | 1,629,177 |  |  | 1,582,465 |
Total liabilities and partners' capital | $ | 10,166,921 |  |  | $ | 10,196,707 |
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures: |  |  |
Company's capital | $ | 1,916,313 |  |  | $ | 1,904,145 |
Basis adjustment(2) | (482,643) |  |  | (492,350) |
| $ | 1,433,670 |  |  | $ | 1,411,795 |
Assets—Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures | $ | 1,540,826 |  |  | $ | 1,519,697 |
Liabilities—Distributions in excess of investments in unconsolidated joint ventures | (107,156) |  |  | (107,902) |
| $ | 1,433,670 |  |  | $ | 1,411,795 |

(1) These amounts include assets of $2,911,512 and $2,932,401 of Pacific Premier Retail LLC (the "PPR Portfolio") as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, and liabilities of $1,709,593 and $1,732,976 of the PPR Portfolio as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
(2) The Company amortizes the difference between the cost of its investments in unconsolidated joint ventures and the book value of the underlying equity into income on a straight-line basis consistent with the lives of the underlying assets. The amortization of this difference was $3,999 and $4,539 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
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THE MACERICH COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share and square foot amounts)
(Unaudited)
4. Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures: (Continued)
Combined and Condensed Statements of Operations of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures:

| PPR Portfolio |  | Other Joint Ventures |  | Total
Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |
Leasing revenue | $ | 58,378 |  |  | $ | 172,245 |  |  | $ | 230,623 |
Other | 51 |  |  | 6,888 |  |  | 6,939 |
Total revenues | 58,429 |  |  | 179,133 |  |  | 237,562 |
Expenses: |  |  |  |  |
Shopping center and operating expenses | 9,642 |  |  | 61,509 |  |  | 71,151 |
Leasing expenses | 473 |  |  | 1,295 |  |  | 1,768 |
Interest expense | 16,094 |  |  | 38,141 |  |  | 54,235 |
Depreciation and amortization | 28,618 |  |  | 68,360 |  |  | 96,978 |
Total operating expenses | 54,827 |  |  | 169,305 |  |  | 224,132 |
Net income | $ | 3,602 |  |  | $ | 9,828 |  |  | $ | 13,430 |
Company's equity in net income | $ | 4,721 |  |  | $ | 4,977 |  |  | $ | 9,698 |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |
Leasing revenue | $ | 46,020 |  |  | $ | 173,524 |  |  | $ | 219,544 |
Other | 182 |  |  | 12,064 |  |  | 12,246 |
Total revenues | 46,202 |  |  | 185,588 |  |  | 231,790 |
Expenses: |  |  |  |  |
Shopping center and operating expenses | 9,672 |  |  | 59,650 |  |  | 69,322 |
Leasing expenses | 467 |  |  | 1,707 |  |  | 2,174 |
Interest expense | 16,951 |  |  | 36,911 |  |  | 53,862 |
Depreciation and amortization | 25,514 |  |  | 64,467 |  |  | 89,981 |
Total operating expenses | 52,604 |  |  | 162,735 |  |  | 215,339 |
Loss on sale or write down of assets, net | (6) |  |  | (135) |  |  | (141) |
Net (loss) income | $ | (6,408) |  |  | $ | 22,718 |  |  | $ | 16,310 |
Company's equity in net (loss) income | $ | (1,199) |  |  | $ | 13,442 |  |  | $ | 12,243 |

Significant accounting policies used by the unconsolidated joint ventures are similar to those used by the Company.
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THE MACERICH COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share and square foot amounts)
(Unaudited)
5. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities:
The Company uses an interest rate cap and four interest rate swap agreements to manage the interest rate risk of its floating rate debt. The Company recorded other comprehensive loss related to the marking-to-market of derivative instruments of $6,395 and $2,045 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
The following derivatives were outstanding at March 31, 2020:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value |  |
Property |  | Notional Amount |  | Product |  | LIBOR Rate |  | Maturity |  | March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Santa Monica Place |  | $ | 300,000 |  |  | Cap |  | 4.00 | % |  | 12/9/2020 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
The Macerich Partnership, L.P. |  | $ | 400,000 |  |  | Swaps |  | 2.85 | % |  | 9/30/2021 |  | $ | (15,446) |  |  | $ | (9,051) |

The above derivative instruments were designated as hedging instruments with an aggregate fair value (Level 2 measurement) and were included in other accrued liabilities. The fair value of the Company's interest rate derivatives was determined using discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and implied volatilities. The Company incorporates credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both its own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty's nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements.
Although the Company has determined that the majority of the inputs used to value its derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with its derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads, to evaluate the likelihood of default by the Company and its counterparties. The Company has assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of its derivative positions and has determined that the credit valuation adjustments are not significant to the overall valuation of its interest rate swap. As a result, the Company determined that its interest rate cap and swap valuations in their entirety are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
6. Property, net:
Property, net consists of the following:

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Land | $ | 1,510,948 |  |  | $ | 1,520,678 |
Buildings and improvements | 6,423,348 |  |  | 6,389,458 |
Tenant improvements | 720,414 |  |  | 726,533 |
Equipment and furnishings(1) | 227,117 |  |  | 230,215 |
Construction in progress | 92,042 |  |  | 126,165 |
| 8,973,869 |  |  | 8,993,049 |
Less accumulated depreciation(1) | (2,415,794) |  |  | (2,349,536) |
| $ | 6,558,075 |  |  | $ | 6,643,513 |

(1) Equipment and furnishings and accumulated depreciation include the cost and accumulated amortization of ROU assets in connection with finance leases at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (See Note 8—Leases).
Depreciation expense was $72,687 and $70,717 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
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THE MACERICH COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share and square foot amounts)
(Unaudited)
6. Property, net: (Continued)
The loss on sale or write down of assets, net for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 consist of the following:

|  |  |  |  |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Write-down of assets(1) |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (36,703) |  |  | $ | (6,850) |
Land sales |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 534 |
|  |  |  |  |  | $ | (36,703) |  |  | $ | (6,316) |

(1) Includes impairment losses of $30,063 on Wilton Mall and $6,640 on Paradise Valley Mall during the three months ended March 31, 2020. The impairment losses were due to the reduction of the estimated holding periods of the properties. The remaining amount for the three months ended March 31, 2019 represents the write off of development costs.
The following table summarizes certain of the Company's assets that were measured on a nonrecurring basis as a result of the impairment losses recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2020, as described above:

|  | Total Fair Value Measurement |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets |  | Significant Other Unobservable Inputs |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs
|  |  |  | (Level 1) |  | (Level 2) |  | (Level 3)
March 31, 2020 |  | $ | 140,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 140,000 |  |  | $ | — |

The fair values relating to the impairments were based on sales contracts and are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
7. Tenant and Other Receivables, net:
Included in tenant and other receivables, net is an allowance for doubtful accounts of $5,749 and $4,836 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Also included in tenant and other receivables, net are accrued percentage rents of $1,084 and $9,618 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, and a deferred rent receivable due to straight-line rent adjustments of $84,424 and $82,214 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
8. Leases:
Lessor Leases:
The Company leases its Centers under agreements that are classified as operating leases. These leases generally include minimum rents, percentage rents and recoveries of real estate taxes, insurance and other shopping center operating expenses. Minimum rental revenues are recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the related leases. Percentage rents are recognized and accrued when tenants' specified sales targets have been met. Estimated recoveries from certain tenants for their pro rata share of real estate taxes, insurance and other shopping center operating expenses are recognized as revenues in the period the applicable expenses are incurred. Other tenants pay a fixed rate and these tenant recoveries are recognized as revenues on a straight-line basis over the term of the related leases.
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THE MACERICH COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share and square foot amounts)
(Unaudited)
8. Leases: (Continued)
The following table summarizes the components of leasing revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019:

|  |  |  |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  |  |  |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Leasing revenue—fixed payments |  |  |  |  | $ | 159,557 |  |  | $ | 164,061 |
Leasing revenue—variable payments |  |  |  |  | 51,164 |  |  | 46,947 |
|  |  |  |  | $ | 210,721 |  |  | $ | 211,008 |

The following table summarizes the future rental payments to the Company:

Twelve months ending March 31, |  |
2021 |  | $ | 472,786 |
2022 |  | 395,136 |
2023 |  | 338,346 |
2024 |  | 287,879 |
2025 |  | 226,663 |
Thereafter |  | 635,939 |
|  | $ | 2,356,749 |

Lessee Leases:
The Company has certain properties that are subject to non-cancelable operating leases. The leases expire at various times through 2098, subject in some cases to options to extend the terms of the lease. Certain leases provide for contingent rent payments based on a percentage of base rental income, as defined in the lease. In addition, the Company has five finance leases that expire at various times through 2024.
The following table summarizes the lease costs:

| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
| 2020 |  | 2019
Operating lease costs | $ | 3,938 |  |  | $ | 4,347 |
Finance lease costs: |  |  |
Amortization of ROU assets | 475 |  |  | 919 |
Interest on lease liabilities | 142 |  |  | 154 |
| $ | 4,555 |  |  | $ | 5,420 |

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THE MACERICH COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share and square foot amounts)
(Unaudited)
8. Leases: (Continued)
The following table summarizes the future rental payments required under the leases:

|  | March 31, 2020 |  |  |  | December 31, 2019 |  |
Year ending December 31, |  | Operating Leases |  | Finance Leases |  | Operating Leases |  | Finance Leases
2020 |  | $ | 13,037 |  |  | $ | 2,043 |  |  | $ | 17,149 |  |  | $ | 2,106 |
2021 |  | 17,004 |  |  | 10,784 |  |  | 17,004 |  |  | 10,441 |
2022 |  | 16,867 |  |  | 2,762 |  |  | 16,867 |  |  | 2,418 |
2023 |  | 11,055 |  |  | 344 |  |  | 11,055 |  |  | — |
2024 |  | 9,068 |  |  | 3,085 |  |  | 9,068 |  |  | — |
Thereafter |  | 131,347 |  |  | — |  |  | 131,347 |  |  | — |
Total undiscounted rental payments |  | 198,378 |  |  | 19,018 |  |  | 202,490 |  |  | 14,965 |
Less imputed interest |  | (100,100) |  |  | (1,397) |  |  | (102,085) |  |  | (1,169) |
Total lease liabilities |  | $ | 98,278 |  |  | $ | 17,621 |  |  | $ | 100,405 |  |  | $ | 13,796 |
Weighted average remaining term |  | 31.0 years |  | 1.3 years |  | 31.0 years |  | 1.6 years
Weighted average incremental borrowing rate |  | 7.7 | % |  | 3.2 | % |  | 7.7 | % |  | 4.2 | %

9. Deferred Charges and Other Assets, net:
Deferred charges and other assets, net consist of the following:

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Leasing | $ | 179,355 |  |  | $ | 202,540 |
Intangible assets: |  |  |
In-place lease values | 66,561 |  |  | 78,171 |
Leasing commissions and legal costs | 18,080 |  |  | 20,518 |
Above-market leases | 56,377 |  |  | 59,916 |
Deferred tax assets | 30,789 |  |  | 30,757 |
Deferred compensation plan assets | 44,458 |  |  | 55,349 |
Other assets | 55,018 |  |  | 60,475 |
| 450,638 |  |  | 507,726 |
Less accumulated amortization(1) | (199,990) |  |  | (229,860) |
| $ | 250,648 |  |  | $ | 277,866 |

(1) Accumulated amortization includes $56,075 and $66,322 relating to in-place lease values, leasing commissions and legal costs at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Amortization expense of in-place lease values, leasing commissions and legal costs was $3,719 and $3,205 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
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THE MACERICH COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share and square foot amounts)
(Unaudited)
9. Deferred Charges and Other Assets, net: (Continued)
The allocated values of above-market leases and below-market leases consist of the following:

| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Above-Market Leases |  |  |
Original allocated value | $ | 56,377 |  |  | $ | 59,916 |
Less accumulated amortization | (34,025) |  |  | (35,737) |
| $ | 22,352 |  |  | $ | 24,179 |
Below-Market Leases(1) |  |  |
Original allocated value | $ | 80,757 |  |  | $ | 90,790 |
Less accumulated amortization | (45,947) |  |  | (53,727) |
| $ | 34,810 |  |  | $ | 37,063 |

(1) Below-market leases are included in other accrued liabilities.
10. Mortgage Notes Payable:
Mortgage notes payable at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 consist of the following:

|  | Carrying Amount of Mortgage Notes(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property Pledged as Collateral |  | March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019 |  | Effective Interest Rate(2) |  | Monthly Debt Service(3) |  | Maturity Date(4)
Chandler Fashion Center(5) |  | $ | 255,221 |  |  | $ | 255,174 |  |  | 4.18 | % |  | $ | 875 |  |  | 2024
Danbury Fair Mall |  | 192,792 |  |  | 194,718 |  |  | 5.53 | % |  | 1,538 |  |  | 2020
Fashion Outlets of Chicago |  | 299,132 |  |  | 299,112 |  |  | 4.61 | % |  | 1,145 |  |  | 2031
Fashion Outlets of Niagara Falls USA(6) |  | 105,559 |  |  | 106,398 |  |  | 4.89 | % |  | 727 |  |  | 2020
Freehold Raceway Mall(5) |  | 398,420 |  |  | 398,379 |  |  | 3.94 | % |  | 1,300 |  |  | 2029
Fresno Fashion Fair |  | 323,708 |  |  | 323,659 |  |  | 3.67 | % |  | 971 |  |  | 2026
Green Acres Commons(7) |  | 129,157 |  |  | 128,926 |  |  | 4.29 | % |  | 404 |  |  | 2021
Green Acres Mall |  | 275,965 |  |  | 277,747 |  |  | 3.61 | % |  | 1,447 |  |  | 2021
Kings Plaza Shopping Center |  | 535,219 |  |  | 535,097 |  |  | 3.71 | % |  | 1,629 |  |  | 2030
Oaks, The |  | 185,886 |  |  | 187,142 |  |  | 4.14 | % |  | 1,064 |  |  | 2022
Pacific View |  | 117,391 |  |  | 118,202 |  |  | 4.08 | % |  | 668 |  |  | 2022
Queens Center |  | 600,000 |  |  | 600,000 |  |  | 3.49 | % |  | 1,744 |  |  | 2025
Santa Monica Place(8) |  | 298,005 |  |  | 297,817 |  |  | 2.30 | % |  | 772 |  |  | 2022
SanTan Village Regional Center |  | 219,163 |  |  | 219,140 |  |  | 4.34 | % |  | 788 |  |  | 2029
Towne Mall |  | 20,168 |  |  | 20,284 |  |  | 4.48 | % |  | 117 |  |  | 2022
Tucson La Encantada |  | 63,251 |  |  | 63,682 |  |  | 4.23 | % |  | 368 |  |  | 2022
Victor Valley, Mall of |  | 114,748 |  |  | 114,733 |  |  | 4.00 | % |  | 380 |  |  | 2024
Vintage Faire Mall |  | 250,895 |  |  | 252,389 |  |  | 3.55 | % |  | 1,256 |  |  | 2026
|  | $ | 4,384,680 |  |  | $ | 4,392,599 |  |  |  |  |  |  |

(1)The mortgage notes payable also include unamortized deferred finance costs that are amortized into interest expense over the remaining term of the related debt in a manner that approximates the effective interest method. Unamortized deferred finance costs were $15,053 and $16,042 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
(2)The interest rate disclosed represents the effective interest rate, including the impact of debt premium and deferred finance costs.
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THE MACERICH COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share and square foot amounts)
(Unaudited)
10. Mortgage Notes Payable: (Continued)
(3)The monthly debt service represents the payment of principal and interest.
(4)The maturity date assumes that all extension options are fully exercised and that the Company does not opt to refinance the debt prior to these dates. These extension options are at the Company's discretion, subject to certain conditions, which the Company believes will be met.
(5)A 49.9% interest in the loan has been assumed by a third party in connection with the Company's joint venture in Chandler Freehold (See Note 12—Financing Arrangement).
(6)The loan includes unamortized debt premium of $541 and $773 at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The debt premium represents the excess of the fair value of the loan over the principal value of the loan assumed at acquisition and is amortized into interest expense over the remaining term of the loan in a manner that approximates the effective interest method.
(7)The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 2.15%. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the total interest rate was 4.29% and 4.40%, respectively.
(8)The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.35%. The loan is covered by an interest rate cap agreement that effectively prevents LIBOR from exceeding 4% during the period ending December 9, 2020 (See Note 5—Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities). At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the total interest rate was 2.30% and 3.34%, respectively.
Most of the mortgage loan agreements contain a prepayment penalty provision for the early extinguishment of the debt.
The Company's mortgage notes payable are secured by the properties on which they are placed and are non-recourse to the Company.
The Company expects that all loan maturities during the next twelve months will be refinanced, restructured, extended and/or paid off from the Company's line of credit or with cash on hand.
Total interest expense capitalized was $1,295 and $2,710 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
The estimated fair value (Level 2 measurement) of mortgage notes payable at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $4,445,146 and $4,427,790, respectively, based on current interest rates for comparable loans. Fair value was determined using a present value model and an interest rate that included a credit value adjustment based on the estimated value of the property that serves as collateral for the underlying debt.
11. Bank and Other Notes Payable:
Bank and other notes payable consist of the following:
Line of Credit:
The Company has a $1,500,000 revolving line of credit that bears interest at LIBOR plus a spread of 1.30% to 1.90%, depending on the Company's overall leverage level, and was to mature on July 6, 2020. On April 8, 2020, the Company exercised its option to extend the maturity of the facility to July 6, 2021. The line of credit can be expanded, depending on certain conditions, up to a total facility of $2,000,000.
Based on the Company's leverage level as of March 31, 2020, the borrowing rate on the facility was LIBOR plus 1.55%. The Company has four interest rate swap agreements that effectively convert a total of $400,000 of the outstanding balance from floating rate debt of LIBOR plus 1.55% to fixed rate debt of 4.30% until September 30, 2021 (See Note 5—Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities). As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, borrowings under the line of credit were $1,480,000 and $820,000, respectively, less unamortized deferred finance costs of $1,994 and $2,623, respectively, at a total interest rate of 3.11% and 3.92%, respectively. As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company's availability under the line of credit for additional borrowings was $19,719 and $679,719, respectively, The estimated fair value (Level 2 measurement) of the line of credit at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $1,503,246 and $826,280, respectively, based on a present value model using a credit interest rate spread offered to the Company for comparable debt.
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THE MACERICH COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share and square foot amounts)
(Unaudited)
11. Bank and Other Notes Payable: (Continued)
Prasada Note:
On March 29, 2013, the Company issued a $13,330 note payable that bore interest at 5.25% and was to mature on May 30, 2021. The note payable was collateralized by a portion of a development reimbursement agreement with the City of Surprise, Arizona. On October 7, 2019, the loan was paid off.
As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company was in compliance with all applicable financial loan covenants.
12. Financing Arrangement:
On September 30, 2009, the Company formed a joint venture whereby a third party acquired a 49.9% interest in Chandler Fashion Center, a 1,318,000 square foot regional shopping center in Chandler, Arizona, and Freehold Raceway Mall, a 1,673,000 square foot regional shopping center in Freehold, New Jersey (collectively referred to herein as "Chandler Freehold"). As a result of the Company having certain rights under the agreement to repurchase the assets after the seventh year of the formation of Chandler Freehold, the transaction did not qualify for sale treatment. The Company, however, is not obligated to repurchase the assets. The Company accounts for its investment in Chandler Freehold as a financing arrangement. The fair value (Level 3 measurement) of the financing arrangement obligation at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was based upon a terminal capitalization rate of 5.3% and 5.0%, respectively, a discount rate of 6.8% and 6.0%, respectively, and market rents per square foot of $35 to $115. The fair value of the financing arrangement obligation is sensitive to these significant unobservable inputs and a change in these inputs may result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement. Distributions to the partner, excluding distributions of excess loan proceeds, and changes in fair value of the financing arrangement obligation are recognized as interest (income) expense in the Company's consolidated statements of operations.
During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company incurred interest income in connection with the financing arrangement as follows:

|  |  |  |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  |  |  |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Distributions of the partner's share of net income |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,464 |  |  | $ | 1,897 |
Distributions in excess of the partner's share of net income |  |  |  |  | 2,677 |  |  | 1,921 |
Adjustment to fair value of financing arrangement obligation |  |  |  |  | (48,384) |  |  | (14,265) |
|  |  |  |  | $ | (44,243) |  |  | $ | (10,447) |

On June 27, 2019, the Company replaced the existing mortgage note payable on Chandler Fashion Center with a new $256,000 loan. In connection with the refinancing transaction, the Company distributed $27,945 of the excess loan proceeds to its joint venture partner, which was recorded as a reduction to the financing arrangement obligation.
13. Noncontrolling Interests:
The Company allocates net income of the Operating Partnership based on the weighted average ownership interest during the period. The net income of the Operating Partnership that is not attributable to the Company is reflected in the consolidated statements of operations as noncontrolling interests. The Company adjusts the noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership at the end of each period to reflect its ownership interest in the Company. The Company had a 93% ownership interest in the Operating Partnership as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The remaining 7% limited partnership interest as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was owned by certain of the Company's executive officers and directors, certain of their affiliates and other third party investors in the form of OP Units. The OP Units may be redeemed for shares of stock or cash, at the Company's option. The redemption value for each OP Unit as of any balance sheet date is the amount equal to the average of the closing price per share of the Company's common stock, par value $0.01 per share, as reported on the New York Stock Exchange for the 10 trading days ending on the respective balance sheet date. Accordingly, as of March 31, 2020
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THE MACERICH COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
13. Noncontrolling Interests: (Continued)
and December 31, 2019, the aggregate redemption value of the then-outstanding OP Units not owned by the Company was $71,267 and $277,524, respectively.
The Company issued common and preferred units of MACWH, LP in April 2005 in connection with the acquisition of the Wilmorite portfolio. The common and preferred units of MACWH, LP are redeemable at the election of the holder. The Company may redeem them for cash or shares of the Company's stock at the Company's option and they are classified as permanent equity.
Included in permanent equity are outside ownership interests in various consolidated joint ventures. The joint ventures do not have rights that require the Company to redeem the ownership interests in either cash or stock.
14. Stockholders' Equity:
Stock Dividend
On March 16, 2020, the Company announced a dividend/distribution of $0.50 per share for common stockholders and OP Unit holders of record on April 22, 2020. All dividends/distributions will be paid in a combination of cash and shares of the Company's common stock and OP Units, as applicable, on June 3, 2020. The cash component of the dividend will not exceed 20% in aggregate, or $0.10 per share. The Company plans to use the cash savings from the stock dividend to pay down its line of credit and for general corporate purposes.
Stock Buyback Program
On February 12, 2017, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $500,000 of its outstanding common shares as market conditions and the Company’s liquidity warrant. Repurchases may be made through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, structured or derivative transactions, including ASR transactions, or other methods of acquiring shares, from time to time as permitted by securities laws and other legal requirements. The program is referred to herein as the "Stock Buyback Program".
There were no repurchases under the Stock Buyback Program during the three months ended March 31, 2020 or 2019. At March 31, 2020, there was $278,707 available under the Stock Buyback Program.
15. Commitments and Contingencies:
As of March 31, 2020, the Company was contingently liable for $40,814 in letters of credit guaranteeing performance by the Company of certain obligations relating to the Centers. The Company does not believe that these letters of credit will result in a liability to the Company.
The Company has entered into a number of construction agreements related to its redevelopment and development activities. Obligations under these agreements are contingent upon the completion of the services within the guidelines specified in the agreements. At March 31, 2020, the Company had $7,290 in outstanding obligations, which it believes will be settled in the next twelve months.
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THE MACERICH COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share and square foot amounts)
(Unaudited)
16. Related Party Transactions:
Certain unconsolidated joint ventures have engaged the Management Companies to manage the operations of the Centers. Under these arrangements, the Management Companies are reimbursed for compensation paid to on-site employees, leasing agents and project managers at the Centers, as well as insurance costs and other administrative expenses.
The following are fees charged to unconsolidated joint ventures:

|  |  |  |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  |  |  |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Management fees |  |  |  |  | $ | 4,486 |  |  | $ | 4,481 |
Development and leasing fees |  |  |  |  | 2,084 |  |  | 3,496 |
|  |  |  |  | $ | 6,570 |  |  | $ | 7,977 |

Interest income from related party transactions includes $44,243 and $10,447 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, in connection with the Financing Arrangement (See Note 12—Financing Arrangement).
Due from affiliates includes $9,766 and $6,157 of unreimbursed costs and fees from unconsolidated joint ventures due to the Management Companies as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
In addition, due from affiliates included a note receivable from RED/303 LLC ("RED") that bore interest at 5.25% and was to mature on May 30, 2021. Interest income earned on this note was $0 and $48 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. On October 7, 2019, the note receivable was collected in full. RED is considered a related party because it is a partner in a joint venture development project. The note was collateralized by RED's membership interest in the development project.
Also included in due from affiliates was a note receivable from Lennar Corporation that bore interest at LIBOR plus 2% and was to mature upon the completion of certain milestones in connection with the development of Fashion Outlets of San Francisco. As a result of those milestones not being completed, the Company elected to terminate the development agreement and the note was collected in full on February 13, 2019. Interest income earned on this note was $0 and $1,112 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Lennar Corporation was considered a related party because it was a joint venture partner in the project.
17. Share and Unit-Based Plans:
Under the Long-Term Incentive Plan ("LTIP"), each award recipient is issued a form of units ("LTIP Units") in the Operating Partnership. Upon the occurrence of specified events and subject to the satisfaction of applicable vesting conditions, LTIP Units (after conversion into OP Units) are ultimately redeemable for common stock of the Company, or cash at the Company's option, on a one-unit for one-share basis. LTIP Units receive cash dividends based on the dividend amount paid on the common stock of the Company. The LTIP may include both market-indexed awards and service-based awards.
The market-indexed LTIP Units vest over the service period of the award based on the percentile ranking of the Company in terms of total return to stockholders (the "Total Return") per share of common stock relative to the Total Return of a group of peer REITs, as measured at the end of the measurement period.
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THE MACERICH COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share and square foot amounts)
(Unaudited)
17. Share and Unit-Based Plans: (Continued)
During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company granted the following LTIP Units:

Grant Date |  | Units |  | Type |  | Fair Value per LTIP Unit |  | Vest Date
1/1/2020 |  | 154,158 |  |  | Service-based |  | $ | 26.92 |  |  | 12/31/2022
1/1/2020 |  | 321,940 |  |  | Market-indexed |  | $ | 27.80 |  |  | 12/31/2022
3/1/2020 |  | 39,176 |  |  | Service-based |  | $ | 20.42 |  |  | 2/28/2023
3/1/2020 |  | 37,592 |  |  | Market-indexed |  | $ | 21.28 |  |  | 2/28/2023
|  | 552,866 |  |  |  |  |  |  |

The fair value of the market-indexed LTIP Units (Level 3) granted on January 1, 2020 was estimated on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo Simulation model that assumed a risk free interest rate of 1.62% and an expected volatility of 26.08%. The fair value of the market-indexed LTIP Units (Level 3) granted on March 1, 2020 was estimated on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo Simulation model that assumed a risk free interest rate of 0.85% and an expected volatility of 28.34%.
The following table summarizes the activity of the non-vested LTIP Units, phantom stock units and stock units:

| LTIP Units |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Phantom Stock Units |  |  |  | Stock Units |  |
| Units |  | Value(1) |  |  |  |  |  | Units |  | Value(1) |  | Units |  | Value(1)
Balance at January 1, 2020 | 616,219 |  |  | $ | 39.04 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,216 |  |  | $ | 43.29 |  |  | 199,987 |  |  | $ | 43.59 |
Granted | 552,866 |  |  | 26.59 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12,637 |  |  | 25.02 |  |  | 120,913 |  |  | 19.45 |
Vested | (3,408) |  |  | 66.02 |  |  |  |  |  |  | (6,881) |  |  | 27.12 |  |  | (63,849) |  |  | 52.39 |
Forfeited | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Balance at March 31, 2020 | 1,165,677 |  |  | $ | 33.06 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12,972 |  |  | $ | 34.06 |  |  | 257,051 |  |  | $ | 30.05 |
(1) Value represents the weighted average grant date fair value. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

The following table summarizes the activity of the stock options outstanding:

|  |  |  |  | Stock Options |  |
|  |  |  |  | Units |  | Value(1)
Balance at January 1, 2020 |  |  |  |  | 35,565 |  |  | $ | 57.32 |
Granted |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Exercised |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Balance at March 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  | 35,565 |  |  | $ | 57.32 |
(1) Value represents the weighted average exercise price. |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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THE MACERICH COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share and square foot amounts)
(Unaudited)
17. Share and Unit-Based Plans: (Continued)
The following summarizes the compensation cost under the share and unit-based plans:

|  |  |  |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  |  |  |  | 2020 |  | 2019
LTIP Units |  |  |  |  | $ | 3,214 |  |  | $ | 3,714 |
Stock units |  |  |  |  | 2,202 |  |  | 2,660 |
Stock options |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 51 |
Phantom stock units |  |  |  |  | 187 |  |  | 240 |
|  |  |  |  | $ | 5,603 |  |  | $ | 6,665 |

The Company capitalized share and unit-based compensation costs of $1,379 and $1,146 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Unrecognized compensation costs of share and unit-based plans at March 31, 2020 consisted of $13,133 from LTIP Units, $3,113 from stock units and $442 from phantom stock units.
18. Income Taxes:
The Company has made taxable REIT subsidiary elections for all of its corporate subsidiaries other than its qualified REIT subsidiaries. The elections, effective for the year beginning January 1, 2001 and future years, were made pursuant to Section 856(l) of the Code. The Company's taxable REIT subsidiaries ("TRSs") are subject to corporate level income taxes which are provided for in the Company's consolidated financial statements. The Company's primary TRSs include Macerich Management Company and Macerich Arizona Partners LLC.
The income tax provision of the TRSs are as follows:

|  |  |  |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  |  |  |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Current |  |  |  |  | $ | 234 |  |  | $ | — |
Deferred |  |  |  |  | 32 |  |  | (346) |
Total income tax benefit (expense) |  |  |  |  | $ | 266 |  |  | $ | (346) |

The net operating loss ("NOL") carryforwards generated through the 2017 tax year are scheduled to expire through 2037, beginning in 2025. Net deferred tax assets of $30,789 and $30,757 were included in deferred charges and other assets, net at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
The tax years 2016 through 2018 remain open to examination by the taxing jurisdictions to which the Company is subject. The Company does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefit will materially change within the next twelve months.
19. Subsequent Events:
On April 8, 2020, the Company exercised its option to extend the maturity of its $1,500,000 revolving line of credit to July 6, 2021.
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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
IMPORTANT INFORMATION RELATED TO FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of The Macerich Company (the "Company") contains or incorporates statements that constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Any statements that do not relate to historical or current facts or matters are forward-looking statements. You can identify some of the forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking words, such as "may," "will," "could," "should," "expects," "anticipates," "intends," "projects," "predicts," "plans," "believes," "seeks," "estimates," "scheduled" and variations of these words and similar expressions. Statements concerning current conditions may also be forward-looking if they imply a continuation of current conditions. Forward-looking statements appear in a number of places in this Form 10-Q and include statements regarding, among other matters:
•expectations regarding the Company's growth;
•the Company's beliefs regarding its acquisition, redevelopment, development, leasing and operational activities and opportunities, including the performance and financial stability of its retailers;
•the Company's acquisition, disposition and other strategies;
•regulatory matters pertaining to compliance with governmental regulations;
•the Company's capital expenditure plans and expectations for obtaining capital for expenditures;
•the Company's expectations regarding income tax benefits;
•the Company's expectations regarding its financial condition or results of operations; and
•the Company's expectations for refinancing its indebtedness, entering into and servicing debt obligations and entering into joint venture arrangements.
Stockholders are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, performance or achievements of the Company or the industry to differ materially from the Company's future results, performance or achievements, or those of the industry, expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, general industry, as well as national, regional and local economic and business conditions, which will, among other things, affect demand for retail space or retail goods, availability and creditworthiness of current and prospective tenants, anchor or tenant bankruptcies, closures, mergers or consolidations, lease rates, terms and payments, interest rate fluctuations, availability, terms and cost of financing and operating expenses; adverse changes in the real estate markets including, among other things, competition from other companies, retail formats and technology, risks of real estate development and redevelopment, acquisitions and dispositions; the adverse impact of the novel coronavirus ("COVID-19") on the U.S., regional and global economies and the financial condition and results of operations of the Company and its tenants; the liquidity of real estate investments, governmental actions and initiatives (including legislative and regulatory changes); environmental and safety requirements; and terrorist activities or other acts of violence which could adversely affect all of the above factors. You are urged to carefully review the disclosures we make concerning these risks and other factors that may affect our business and operating results, including those made in "Item 1A. Risk Factors" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, as well as our other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), which disclosures are incorporated herein by reference. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this document. The Company does not intend, and undertakes no obligation, to update any forward-looking information to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this document or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, unless required by law to do so.
Management's Overview and Summary
The Company is involved in the acquisition, ownership, development, redevelopment, management and leasing of regional and community/power shopping centers located throughout the United States. The Company is the sole general partner of, and owns a majority of the ownership interests in, The Macerich Partnership, L.P. (the "Operating Partnership"). As of March 31, 2020, the Operating Partnership owned or had an ownership interest in 47 regional shopping centers and five community/power shopping centers aggregating approximately 51 million square feet of gross leasable area. These 52 regional and community/power shopping centers are referred to hereinafter as the "Centers," unless the context otherwise requires. The property management, leasing and redevelopment of the Company's portfolio is provided by the Company's seven management companies (collectively referred to herein as the "Management Companies"). The Company is a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust ("REIT") and conducts all of its operations through the Operating Partnership and the Management Companies.
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The following discussion is based primarily on the consolidated financial statements of the Company for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. It compares the results of operations and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2020 to the results of operations and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2019.
This information should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and notes thereto.
Financing Activities:
On January 10, 2019, the Company replaced the existing loan on Fashion Outlets of Chicago with a new $300.0 million loan that bears interest at an effective rate of 4.61% and matures on February 1, 2031. The Company used the net proceeds to pay down its line of credit and for general corporate purposes.
On February 22, 2019, the Company’s joint venture in The Shops at Atlas Park entered into an agreement to increase the total borrowing capacity of the existing loan on the property from $57.8 million to $80.0 million, and to extend the maturity date to October 28, 2021, including extension options. Concurrent with the loan modification, the joint venture borrowed an additional $18.4 million. The Company used its $9.2 million share of the additional proceeds to pay down its line of credit and for general corporate purposes.
On June 3, 2019, the Company’s joint venture in SanTan Village Regional Center replaced the existing loan on the property with a new $220.0 million loan that bears interest at an effective rate of 4.34% and matures on July 1, 2029. The Company used its share of the additional proceeds to pay down its line of credit and for general corporate purposes.
On June 27, 2019, the Company replaced the existing loan on Chandler Fashion Center with a new $256.0 million loan that bears interest at an effective rate of 4.18% and matures on July 5, 2024. The Company used its share of the additional proceeds to pay down its line of credit and for general corporate purposes.
On July 25, 2019, the Company's joint venture in Fashion District Philadelphia amended the existing term loan on the joint venture to allow for additional borrowings up to $100.0 million at LIBOR plus 2.00%. Concurrent with the amendment, the joint venture borrowed an additional $26.0 million. On August 16, 2019, the joint venture borrowed an additional $25.0 million. The Company used its share of the additional proceeds to pay down its line of credit and for general corporate purposes.
On September 12, 2019, the Company’s joint venture in Tysons Tower placed a new $190.0 million loan on the property that bears interest at an effective rate of 3.38% and matures on November 11, 2029. The Company used its share of the proceeds to pay down its line of credit and for general corporate purposes.
On October 17, 2019, the Company’s joint venture in West Acres placed a construction loan on the property that allows for borrowing of up to $6.5 million, bears interest at an effective rate of 3.72% and matures on October 10, 2029. The joint venture intends to use the proceeds from the loan to fund the expansion of the property.
On December 3, 2019, the Company replaced the existing loan on Kings Plaza Shopping Center with a new $540.0 million loan that bears interest at an effective rate of 3.71% and matures on January 1, 2030. The Company used the additional proceeds to pay down its line of credit and for general corporate purposes.
On December 18, 2019, the Company’s joint venture in One Westside placed a $414.6 million construction loan on the redevelopment project (See "Redevelopment and Development Activities"). The loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.70%, which can be reduced to LIBOR plus 1.50% upon the completion of certain conditions, and matures on December 18, 2024. The joint venture intends to use the loan proceeds to fund the completion of the project.
Redevelopment and Development Activities:
The Company's joint venture with Hudson Pacific Properties is redeveloping One Westside into 584,000 square feet of creative office space and 96,000 square feet of dining and entertainment space. The entire creative office space has been leased to Google and is expected to be completed in 2022. The total cost of the project is estimated to be between $500.0 million and $550.0 million, with $125.0 million to $137.5 million estimated to be the Company's pro rata share. The Company has funded $54.8 million of the total $219.0 million incurred by the joint venture as of March 31, 2020. The joint venture expects to fund the remaining costs of the development with its new $414.6 million construction loan (See "Financing Activities").
The Company has a 50/50 joint venture with Simon Property Group to develop Los Angeles Premium Outlets, a premium outlet center in Carson, California that is planned to open with approximately 400,000 square feet, followed by an additional 165,000 square feet in the second phase. The Company has funded $36.1 million of the total $72.1 million incurred by the joint venture as of March 31, 2020.
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In connection with the closures and lease rejections of several Sears stores owned or partially owned by the Company, the Company anticipates spending between $130.0 million to $160.0 million at the Company’s pro rata sha re to redevelop the Sears stores. The anticipated openings of such redevelopments are expected to occur over several years. The estimated range of redevelopment costs could increase if the Company or its joint venture decides to expand the scope of the redevelopments. The Company has funded $29.0 million at its pro rata share as of March 31, 2020.
Other Transactions and Events:
On March 11, 2020, the COVID-19 outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. As a result, all of the markets that the Company operates in were subject to stay-at-home orders, and the majority of its properties were temporarily closed in part or completely. The Company has been proactively working with all its stakeholders, including its tenants, lenders and suppliers, to mitigate the impact of the economic shut down. While the ultimate scope and scale of this outbreak is unknown at this time, the Company’s financial condition and the results of its operations have been negatively impacted, as the majority of the Company's tenants have delayed April and May rent payments. As a result, on March 27, 2020, the Company withdrew its previously published 2020 earnings guidance, and it has not provided updated earnings guidance. See "Outlook" in Results of Operations for a further discussion of the forward-looking impact of COVID-19 and the Company's strategic plan to mitigate the anticipated negative impact on its financial condition and results of operations.
In April 2020, the Company hosted a webinar for retailers along with its tax advisors and a major commercial bank with which it has a long-term relationship to explain the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act federal stimulus package and how retailers can access those funds and take advantage of various tax incentives. Nearly 400 retailers either attended live or have viewed the recorded webinar, which is available on the Company's website for continued replay use.
Inflation:
In the last five years, inflation has not had a significant impact on the Company because of a relatively low inflation rate. Most of the leases at the Centers have rent adjustments periodically throughout the lease term. These rent increases are either in fixed increments or based on using an annual multiple of increases in the Consumer Price Index ("CPI"). In addition, approximately 5% to 15% of the leases for spaces 10,000 square feet and under expire each year, which enables the Company to replace existing leases with new leases at higher base rents if the rents of the existing leases are below the then existing market rate. The Company has generally entered into leases that require tenants to pay a stated amount for operating expenses, generally excluding property taxes, regardless of the expenses actually incurred at any Center, which places the burden of cost control on the Company. Additionally, certain leases require the tenants to pay their pro rata share of operating expenses.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Some of these estimates and assumptions include judgments on revenue recognition, estimates for common area maintenance and real estate tax accruals, provisions for uncollectible accounts, impairment of long-lived assets, the allocation of purchase price between tangible and intangible assets, capitalization of costs and fair value measurements. The Company's significant accounting policies are described in more detail in Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Company's Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. However, the following policies are deemed to be critical.
Acquisitions:
The Company allocates the estimated fair value of acquisitions to land, building, tenant improvements and identified intangible assets and liabilities, based on their estimated fair values. In addition, any assumed mortgage notes payable are recorded at their estimated fair values. The estimated fair value of the land and buildings is determined utilizing an “as if vacant” methodology. Tenant improvements represent the tangible assets associated with the existing leases valued on a fair value basis at the acquisition date prorated over the remaining lease terms. The tenant improvements are classified as an asset under property and are depreciated over the remaining lease terms. Identifiable intangible assets and liabilities relate to the value of in-place operating leases which come in three forms: (i) leasing commissions and legal costs, which represent the value associated with “cost avoidance” of acquiring in-place leases, such as lease commissions paid under terms generally experienced in the Company's markets; (ii) value of in-place leases, which represents the estimated loss of revenue and of costs incurred for the period required to lease the “assumed vacant” property to the occupancy level when purchased; and (iii) above or below-market value of in-place leases, which represents the difference between the contractual rents and market rents at the time of the acquisition, discounted for tenant credit risks. Leasing commissions and legal costs are recorded in deferred charges and other assets and are amortized over the remaining lease terms. The value of in-place leases are recorded in deferred charges
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and other assets and amortized over the remaining lease terms plus any below-market fixed rate renewal options. Above or below-market leases are classified in deferred charges and other assets or in other accrued liabilities, depending on whether the contractual terms are above or below-market, and the asset or liability is amortized to minimum rents over the remaining terms of the leases. The remaining lease terms of below-market leases may include certain below-market fixed-rate renewal periods. In considering whether or not a lessee will execute a below-market fixed-rate lease renewal option, the Company evaluates economic factors and certain qualitative factors at the time of acquisition such as tenant mix in the Center, the Company's relationship with the tenant and the availability of competing tenant space. The initial allocation of purchase price is based on management's preliminary assessment, which may change when final information becomes available. Subsequent adjustments made to the initial purchase price allocation are made within the allocation period, which does not exceed one year. The purchase price allocation is described as preliminary if it is not yet final. The use of different assumptions in the allocation of the purchase price of the acquired assets and liabilities assumed could affect the timing of recognition of the related revenues and expenses.
The Company immediately expenses costs associated with business combinations as period costs and capitalizes costs associated with asset acquisitions.
Asset Impairment:
The Company assesses whether an indicator of impairment in the value of its properties exists by considering expected future operating income, trends and prospects, as well as the effects of demand, competition and other economic factors. Such factors include projected rental revenue, operating costs and capital expenditures as well as estimated holding periods and capitalization rates. If an impairment indicator exists, the determination of recoverability is made based upon the estimated undiscounted future net cash flows, excluding interest expense. The amount of impairment loss, if any, is determined by comparing the fair value, as determined by a discounted cash flows analysis or a contracted sales price, with the carrying value of the related assets. The Company generally holds and operates its properties long-term, which decreases the likelihood of their carrying values not being recoverable. Properties classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell.
The Company reviews its investments in unconsolidated joint ventures for a series of operating losses and other factors that may indicate that a decrease in the value of its investments has occurred which is other-than-temporary. The investment in each unconsolidated joint venture is evaluated periodically, and as deemed necessary, for recoverability and valuation declines that are other-than-temporary.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments:
The fair value hierarchy distinguishes between market participant assumptions based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity and the reporting entity's own assumptions about market participant assumptions. Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, as well as inputs that are observable for the asset or liability (other than quoted prices), such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, which is typically based on an entity's own assumptions, as there is little, if any, related market activity. In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.
The Company calculates the fair value of financial instruments and includes this additional information in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements when the fair value is different than the carrying value of those financial instruments. When the fair value reasonably approximates the carrying value, no additional disclosure is made.
The Company records its Financing Arrangement (See Note 12—Financing Arrangement in the Company's Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements) obligation at fair value on a recurring basis with changes in fair value being recorded as interest expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The fair value is determined based on a discounted cash flow model, with the significant unobservable inputs including the multiple of net operating income, discount rate, and market rents. The fair value of the Financing Arrangement obligation is sensitive to these significant unobservable inputs and a change in these inputs may result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement.
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Results of Operations
Many of the variations in the results of operations, discussed below, occurred because of the transactions affecting the Company's properties described in Management's Overview and Summary above, including the Redevelopment Properties and the Disposition Properties (as defined below).
For purposes of the discussion below, the Company defines "Same Centers" as those Centers that are substantially complete and in operation for the entirety of both periods of the comparison. Non-Same Centers for comparison purposes include those Centers or properties that are going through a substantial redevelopment often resulting in the closing of a portion of the Center (“Redevelopment Properties”), those properties that have recently transitioned to or from equity method joint ventures to or from consolidated assets and properties that have been disposed of ("Disposition Properties"). The Company moves a Center in and out of Same Centers based on whether the Center is substantially complete and in operation for the entirety of both periods of the comparison. Accordingly, the Same Centers consist of all consolidated Centers, excluding the Redevelopment Properties and the Disposition Properties, for the periods of comparison.
For the comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2020 to the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Redevelopment Properties are Paradise Valley Mall and certain ground up developments. For the comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2020 to the three months ended March 31, 2019, there are no Disposition Properties.
Unconsolidated joint ventures are reflected using the equity method of accounting. The Company's pro rata share of the results from these Centers is reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures.
The Company considers tenant annual sales per square foot (for tenants in place for a minimum of twelve months or longer and 10,000 square feet and under), occupancy rates (excluding large retail stores or "Anchors") and releasing spreads (i.e. a comparison of initial average base rent per square foot on leases executed during the trailing twelve months to average base rent per square foot at expiration for the leases expiring during the trailing twelve months based on the spaces 10,000 square feet and under) to be key performance indicators of the Company's internal growth.
Tenant sales per square foot increased from $746 for the twelve months ended March 31, 2019 to $801 for the twelve months ended February 29, 2020. Given the widespread closure of the majority of the Company's tenants during March 2020 as a result of COVID-19 (See "Other Transactions and Events" in Management's Overview and Summary), tenant sales reporting is reflected as of February 29, 2020. Occupancy rate decreased from 94.7% at March 31, 2019 to 93.1% at March 31, 2020. Releasing spreads remained positive as the Company was able to lease available space at higher average rents than the expiring rental rates, resulting in a releasing spread of $3.60 per square foot ($58.88 on new and renewal leases executed compared to $55.28 on leases expiring), representing a 6.5% increase for the trailing twelve months ended March 31, 2020. The Company continues to renew or replace leases that are scheduled to expire in 2020. However, the Company cannot be certain of the impact COVID-19 will have on its ability to sign, renew or replace 2020 lease expirations. These leases that are scheduled to expire in the next twelve months represent 0.9 million square feet of the Centers, accounting for 14.0% of the gross leasable area ("GLA") of mall stores and freestanding stores, for spaces 10,000 square feet and under, as of March 31, 2020. These calculations exclude Centers under d evelopment or redevelopment and property dispositions (See "Redevelopment and Development Activities" in Management's Overview and Summary). The Company has entered into leases for approximately 60% of the expiring square footage in 2020, and has another 25% of its 2020 lease expirations in lease documentation. Also, the Company has approximately 125 leases totaling approximately 860,000 square feet for new stores. After speaking with each prospective tenant of such new stores, only four tenants have currently indicated they no longer planned to open their new store, which equates to only 8,000 square feet of the total 860,000 square foot pipeline of new leases.
During the trailing twelve months ended March 31, 2020, the Company signed 321 new leases and 553 renewal leases comprising approximately 3.4 million square feet of GLA, of which 2.3 million square feet is related to the consolidated Centers. The annual initial average base rent for new and renewal leases was $58.88 per square foot for the trailing twelve months ended March 31, 2020 with an average tenant allowance of $24.35 per square foot.
Outlook
As a result of COVID-19 (See "Other Transactions and Events" in Management's Overview and Summary) and subsequent government mandates, all but a few of the Company’s Centers had shuttered, except for the continued operation of essential retail and services, and approximately 74% of the gross leasable area, which was previously occupied prior to the COVID-19 closures, had closed. During the period following the stay-at-home mandates, the Company has continued to employ the appropriate levels of maintenance, cleaning and security protocols to ensure the maximum safety of its tenants, vendors, employees and properties. The Company is now actively planning for the re-opening of its Centers in all facets. Within the past two weeks, the Company has re-opened 13 Centers located in Texas, Colorado, Missouri, Iowa, Indiana and Arizona. By the end of May, the Company anticipates being able to open as permitted approximately 35 Centers. While still uncertain
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given the myriad of state and local ordinances, at this time, it is reasonable to assume that the vast majority of the Company’s Centers will be open in June. The Company is prepared and ready for re-opening, when permitted to do so.
The Company continues to refine its re-opening plans and guidelines as the COVID-19 outbreak evolves, gathering input and best practices from both international and domestic resources, as well as focusing on the jurisdictional differences in each community and state within which it operates. Those plans are focused on extensive retailer outreach, partnership and support, government compliance, consumer confidence building, promoting mall cleanliness and safety, and developing extensive communication and messaging plans through both digital and on premise mediums catered to all of the Company's local constituents where it does business. The Company anticipates significant near-term changes in operations at its properties as a result of numerous factors, including, among others, the potential for tenants to choose to not re-open, reduced consumer traffic and retail sales, extensive focus on cleanliness and hygiene protocols, requirements for social distancing both within its properties and within its tenant spaces, each of which may impact certain Centers more than others and require extensive coordination with retailers to accommodate new operation strategies, such as curbside pickup.
The Company collected approximately 26% of rents billed for April 2020. As of May 8, 2020, the Company collected approximately 18% of rents billed for May 2020. In addition, a significant portion of the Company’s tenants have requested rental assistance, whether in the form of deferral or rent reduction. There is too much uncertainty to assess the impact of these tenant requests. The majority of the Company’s leases require continued payment of rent by the Company’s tenants during the period of government mandated closures caused by COVID-19. Many of the Company’s leases contain co-tenancy clauses, which provide for reduced rent and/or termination rights if Anchors close and/or occupancy falls below threshold levels. The Company does not expect the temporary closures of department stores or small shop leases during the COVID-19 stay-at-home mandates to trigger co-tenancy clauses within its leases. However, it is possible that certain department stores or small shop closures may become permanent following the re-opening of the Company's properties, and that co-tenancy clauses within leases may be triggered as a result. It is too early to determine the impact of any such clauses, if triggered, given that the Company's properties have not yet re-opened.
During 2020, there have been eleven bankruptcy filings involving the Company’s tenants, totaling 85 leases and involving approximately 524,000 square feet and $19.9 million of annual leasing revenue at the Company’s share. The Company anticipates that there may likely be further bankruptcy filings by tenants at our properties, which could be accelerated as a result of general conditions caused by COVID-19.
While the Company has submitted recovery claims under its insurance coverage due to business interruption from COVID-19, the Company may not be able to collect on these claims given the facts and circumstances regarding the COVID-19 pandemic event.
The Company expects a negative impact to its leasing revenue due to COVID-19, but the impact is not currently estimable.
During this period of disrupted rent collections due to COVID-19, the Company has taken numerous measures to preserve its liquidity, including among others:
•The Company has drawn the majority of the remaining capacity on its $1.5 billion revolving line of credit. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had $735 million of cash, including its pro rata share from its unconsolidated joint ventures. The Company will incur additional interest expense during the period that it continues to carry higher than normal cash balances on its consolidated balance sheet. The period of continued cash retention is uncertain at this time.
•The Company recently announced a reduction to its upcoming quarterly dividend and the use of a stock dividend for at least 80% of that dividend, which if implemented on an annual basis, would allow it to retain approximately $400 million of cash (See Note 14—Stockholders' Equity in the Company's Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
•The Company anticipates spending $60 million in the last three quarters of 2020 on redevelopment, which represents a 60% reduction in previously estimated 2020 redevelopment expenditures for that period of time. This excludes the redevelopment of One Westside, which is fully funded by a non-recourse construction facility.
•The Company has reduced planned capital expenditures at its properties by 65% down to approximately $15 million at the Company’s share in 2020.
•The Company has reduced its controllable shopping center expenses by approximately 45% during the period that its properties are substantially closed, except for essential retail and services.
•The Company continues to work with its mortgage lenders to defer debt service payments during the pandemic, while its facing significantly reduced rent collections from its tenants.
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Comparison of Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019
Revenues:
Leasing revenue decreased by $0.3 million, or 0.1%, from 2019 to 2020. The decrease in leasing revenue is attributed to decreases of $0.2 million from the Redevelopment Properties and $0.1 million from the Same Centers. Leasing revenue includes the amortization of above and below-market leases, the amortization of straight-line rents, lease termination income and the provision for bad debts. The amortization of above and below-market leases decreased from $0.6 million in 2019 to $0.4 million in 2020. Straight-line rents decreased from $2.4 million in 2019 to $2.2 million in 2020. Lease termination income increased from $0.6 million in 2019 to $1.2 million in 2020. Provision for bad debts decreased from $1.8 million in 2019 to $0.9 million in 2020.
Management Companies' revenue decreased from $10.2 million in 2019 to $7.0 million in 2020 due to a decrease in development fees and interest income due to the collection of a loan receivable in 2019.
Shopping Center and Operating Expenses:
Shopping center and operating expenses increased $1.1 million, or 1.6%, from 2019 to 2020. The increase in shopping center and operating expenses is attributed to increases of $0.9 million from the Same Centers and $0.2 million from the Redevelopment Properties.
Leasing Expenses:
Leasing expenses decreased from $7.5 million in 2019 to $7.4 million in 2020.
Management Companies' Operating Expenses:
Management Companies' operating expenses decreased $2.8 million from 2019 to 2020 due to a decrease in compensation expense.
REIT General and Administrative Expenses:
REIT general and administrative expenses decreased $0.1 million from 2019 to 2020.
Depreciation and Amortization:
Depreciation and amortization increased $0.7 million from 2019 to 2020. The increase in depreciation and amortization is attributed to increases of $0.6 million from the Same Centers and $0.1 million from the Redevelopment Properties.
Interest (Income) Expense:
Interest expense decreased $30.3 million from 2019 to 2020. The decrease in interest expense was attributed to a decrease of $33.8 million from the Financing Arrangement (See Note 12—Financing Arrangement in the Company's Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements), offset in part by increases of $2.1 million from the Same Centers, $1.2 million from the Redevelopment Properties and $0.2 million from borrowings under the Company's line of credit. The decrease in interest expense from the Financing Arrangement is primarily due to the change in fair value of the underlying properties and the mortgage notes payable on the underlying properties.
Equity in Income of Unconsolidated Joint Ventures:
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures decreased $2.5 million from 2019 to 2020.
Loss on Sale or Write Down of Assets, net:
Loss on sale or write down of assets, net increased $30.4 million from 2019 to 2020. The increase in loss on sale or write down of assets, net is primarily due to the $36.7 million of impairment losses in 2020, offset in part by the $6.9 million in the write down of development costs in 2019. The impairment losses were due to the reduction in the estimated holding periods of Wilton Mall and Paradise Valley Mall.
Net Income:
Net income decreased $0.1 million from 2019 to 2020.
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Funds From Operations ("FFO"):
Primarily as a result of the factors mentioned above, FFO attributable to common stockholders and unit holders—diluted, excluding financing expense in connection with Chandler Freehold increased 0.6% from $121.9 million in 2019 to $122.7 million in 2020. For a reconciliation of net income attributable to the Company, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, to FFO attributable to common stockholders and unit holders, excluding financing expense in connection with Chandler Freehold and FFO attributable to common stockholders and unit holders—diluted, excluding financing expense in connection with Chandler Freehold, see "Funds From Operations ("FFO")" below.
Operating Activities:
Cash provided by operating activities decreased $49.1 million from 2019 to 2020. The decrease is primarily due to the $31.4 million decrease in other accrued liabilities and to the other changes in assets and liabilities and the results, as discussed above. The decrease in other accrued liabilities is primarily attributed to a decrease in prepaid rent as a result of COVID-19 (See "Other Transactions and Events" in Management's Overview and Summary).
Investing Activities:
Cash used in investing activities increased $40.2 million from 2019 to 2020. The increase in cash used in investing activities is primarily attributed to decreases in proceeds from notes receivable of $65.3 million and distributions from unconsolidated joint ventures of $19.7 million offset in part by a decrease in contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures of $29.2 million. The decrease in proceeds from notes receivable is due to the collection of the note receivable from the Lennar Corporation in 2019 (See Note 16—Related Party Transactions in the Company's Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
Financing Activities:
Cash provided by financing activities increased $633.4 million from 2019 to 2020. The increase in cash provided by financing activities is primarily due to a decrease in payments on mortgages, bank and other notes payable of $388.7 million and an increase in proceeds from mortgages, bank and other notes payable of $235.0 million. The decrease in payments on mortgages, bank and other notes payable and the increase in proceeds from mortgages, bank and other notes payable are attributed to the Company's plan to increase liquidity in connection with COVID-19 (See "Other Transactions and Events" in Management's Overview and Summary).
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company has historically met its liquidity needs for its operating expenses, debt service and dividend requirements for the next twelve months through cash generated from operations, distributions from unconsolidated joint ventures, working capital reserves and/or borrowings under its line of credit. As a result of the uncertain environment resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic (See "Other Transactions and Events" in Management's Overview and Summary), the Company has taken a number of measures to enhance liquidity. These actions ensure that funds are available to meet the Company's obligations for a sustained period of time as the extent and duration of the pandemic's impact becomes clearer. These measures include (i) reduction of the Company's controllable operating expenses, (ii) reduction of planned capital and development expenditures, (iii) reduction of the cash component of its second quarter dividend, (iv) negotiated deferrals of debt service payments, and (v) deferral of real estate taxes to the extent such relief is available. In addition, the Company recently borrowed $550 million on its line of credit. As of March 31, 2020, the Company has approximately $735 million of cash, including the unconsolidated joint ventures at the Company's pro rata share.
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The following tables summarize capital expenditures incurred at the Centers (at the Company's pro rata share):

| For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(Dollars in thousands) | 2020 |  | 2019
Consolidated Centers: |  |  |
Acquisitions of property, building improvement and equipment | $ | 2,381 |  |  | $ | 9,932 |
Development, redevelopment, expansions and renovations of Centers | 16,112 |  |  | 14,414 |
Tenant allowances | 1,081 |  |  | 3,510 |
Deferred leasing charges | 910 |  |  | 1,388 |
| $ | 20,484 |  |  | $ | 29,244 |
Joint Venture Centers: |  |  |
Acquisitions of property, building improvement and equipment | $ | 1,844 |  |  | $ | 1,225 |
Development, redevelopment, expansions and renovations of Centers | 29,628 |  |  | 47,888 |
Tenant allowances | 355 |  |  | 1,709 |
Deferred leasing charges | 725 |  |  | 911 |
| $ | 32,552 |  |  | $ | 51,733 |

The Company expects amounts to be incurred during the next twelve months for tenant allowances and deferred leasing charges to be substantially less than 2019. The Company expects to incur approximately $60.0 million during the remaining period of 2020 for development, redevelopment, expansion and renovations. This amount excludes the Company's share of the remaining development cost of One Westside, which is fully funded by a non-recourse construction facility. Capital for these expenditures, developments and/or redevelopments has been, and is expected to continue to be, obtained from a combination of cash on hand, debt or equity financings, which are expected to include borrowings under the Company's line of credit, from property financings and construction loans, each to the extent available.
The Company has also generated liquidity in the past, and may continue to do so in the future, through equity offerings and issuances, property refinancings, joint venture transactions and the sale of non-core assets. Furthermore, the Company has filed a shelf registration statement, which registered an unspecified amount of common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares, debt securities, warrants, rights, stock purchase contracts and units that may be sold from time to time by the Company.
On March 16, 2020, the Company announced a reduction in its second quarter dividend and that the dividend would be payable with an aggregate combination of 20% cash and 80% shares of the Company's common stock. This will allow the Company to comply with the REIT taxable income distribution requirements, while retaining capital. The decision to use a stock dividend will be reviewed by the Board on a quarterly basis. The combination of the dividend reduction and the stock dividend will result in the Company retaining incremental cash in excess of $98 million on a quarterly basis, and approximately $400 million if implemented annually.
The capital and credit markets can fluctuate and, at times, limit access to debt and equity financing for companies. The Company has been able to access capital; however, there is no assurance the Company will be able to do so in future periods or on similar terms and conditions as a result of COVID-19. Many factors impact the Company's ability to access capital, such as its overall debt level, interest rates, interest coverage ratios and prevailing market conditions. Increases in the Company's proportion of floating rate debt, will cause it to be subject to interest rate fluctuations in the future.
The Company's total outstanding loan indebtedness, which includes mortgages and other notes payable, at March 31, 2020 was $8.7 billion (consisting of $5.9 billion of consolidated debt, less $359.2 million of noncontrolling interests, plus $3.2 billion of its pro rata share of unconsolidated joint venture debt). The majority of the Company's debt consists of fixed-rate conventional mortgage notes collateralized by individual properties. The Company expects that all of the maturities during the next twelve months will be refinanced, restructured, extended and/or paid off from the Company's line of credit or cash on hand.
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The Company believes that the pro rata debt provides useful information to investors regarding its financial condition because it includes the Company’s share of debt from unconsolidated joint ventures and, for consolidated debt, excludes the Company’s partners’ share from consolidated joint ventures, in each case presented on the same basis. The Company has several significant joint ventures and presenting its pro rata share of debt in this manner can help investors better understand the Company’s financial condition after taking into account the Company's economic interest in these joint ventures. The Company’s pro rata share of debt should not be considered as a substitute for the Company’s total consolidated debt determined in accordance with GAAP or any other GAAP financial measures and should only be considered together with and as a supplement to the Company’s financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP.
The Company has a $1.5 billion revolving line of credit facility that bears interest at LIBOR plus a spread of 1.30% to 1.90%, depending on the Company's overall leverage level, and was to mature on July 6, 2020. On April 8, 2020, the Company exercised its option to extend the maturity of the facility to July 6, 2021. The line of credit can be expanded, depending on certain conditions, up to a total facility of $2.0 billion. All obligations under the facility are unconditionally guaranteed only by the Company. Based on the Company's leverage level as of March 31, 2020, the borrowing rate on the facility was LIBOR plus 1.55%. The Company has four interest rate swap agreements that effectively convert a total of $400.0 million of the outstanding balance from floating rate debt of LIBOR plus 1.55% to fixed rate debt of 4.30% until September 30, 2021. At March 31, 2020, total borrowings under the line of credit were $1.5 billion less unamortized deferred finance costs of $2.0 million with a total interest rate of 3.11%. The Company's availability under the line of credit was $19.7 million at March 31, 2020.
Cash dividends and distributions for the three months ended March 31, 2020 were $114.7 million. A total of $49.7 million was funded by operations. The remaining $65.0 million was funded from cash on hand.
At March 31, 2020, the Company was in compliance with all applicable loan covenants under its agreements.
At March 31, 2020, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $652.4 million.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements:
The Company accounts for its investments in joint ventures that it does not have a controlling interest or is not the primary beneficiary using the equity method of accounting and those investments are reflected on the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as investments in unconsolidated joint ventures.
As of March 31, 2020, one of the Company's joint ventures has $149.6 million of debt that could become recourse to the Company, should the joint venture be unable to discharge the obligation of the related debt.
Additionally, as of March 31, 2020, the Company was contingently liable for $40.8 million in letters of credit guaranteeing performance by the Company of certain obligations relating to the Centers. The Company does not believe that these letters of credit will result in a liability to the Company.
Contractual Obligations:
The following is a schedule of contractual obligations as of March 31, 2020 for the consolidated Centers over the periods in which they are expected to be paid (in thousands):

| Payment Due by Period |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contractual Obligations | Total |  | Less than 1 year |  | 1 - 3 years |  | 3 - 5 years |  | More than five years
Long-term debt obligations (includes expected interest payments)(1) | $ | 6,888,513 |  |  | $ | 908,497 |  |  | $ | 2,409,626 |  |  | $ | 583,191 |  |  | $ | 2,987,199 |
Lease liabilities(2) | 217,396 |  |  | 15,080 |  |  | 47,417 |  |  | 23,552 |  |  | 131,347 |
Purchase obligations(3) | 7,290 |  |  | 7,290 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other long-term liabilities | 187,916 |  |  | 115,924 |  |  | 28,199 |  |  | 13,744 |  |  | 30,049 |
| $ | 7,301,115 |  |  | $ | 1,046,791 |  |  | $ | 2,485,242 |  |  | $ | 620,487 |  |  | $ | 3,148,595 |

__________________________________________________________
(1)Interest payments on floating rate debt were based on rates in effect at March 31, 2020.
(2)See Note 8—Leases in the Company's Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
(3)See Note 15—Commitments and Contingencies in the Company's Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Funds From Operations ("FFO")
The Company uses FFO in addition to net income to report its operating and financial results and considers FFO and FFO —diluted as supplemental measures for the real estate industry and a supplement to GAAP measures. The National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts ("Nareit") defines FFO as net income (loss) (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains (or losses) from sales of properties, plus real estate related depreciation and amortization, impairment write-downs of real estate and write-downs of investments in an affiliate where the write-downs have been driven by a decrease in the value of real estate held by the affiliate and after adjustments for unconsolidated joint ventures. Adjustments for unconsolidated joint ventures are calculated to reflect FFO on the same basis.
Beginning during the first quarter of 2018, the Company revised its definition of FFO so that FFO excluded the impact of the financing expense in connection with Chandler Freehold. Beginning in the third quarter of 2019, the Company now presents a separate non-GAAP measure - FFO excluding financing expense in connection with Chandler Freehold. The Company has revised the FFO presentation for the three months ended March 31, 2019 to conform to the current presentation.
The Company accounts for its joint venture in Chandler Freehold as a financing arrangement. In connection with this treatment, the Company recognizes financing expense on (i) the changes in fair value of the financing arrangement obligation, (ii) any payments to the joint venture partner equal to their pro rata share of net income and (iii) any payments to the joint venture partner less than or in excess of their pro rata share of net income. The Company excludes from its definition of FFO the noted expenses related to the changes in fair value and for the payments to the joint venture partner less than or in excess of their pro rata share of net income.
The Company also presents FFO excluding financing expense in connection with Chandler Freehold and loss on extinguishment of debt, net.
FFO and FFO on a diluted basis are useful to investors in comparing operating and financial results between periods. This is especially true since FFO excludes real estate depreciation and amortization, as the Company believes real estate values fluctuate based on market conditions rather than depreciating in value ratably on a straight-line basis over time. The Company believes that such a presentation also provides investors with a meaningful measure of its operating results in comparison to the operating results of other REITs. In addition, the Company believes that FFO excluding financing expense in connection with Chandler Freehold and non-routine costs associated with extinguishment of debt provide useful supplemental information regarding the Company’s performance as they show a more meaningful and consistent comparison of the Company’s operating performance and allows investors to more easily compare the Company’s results. The Company further believes that FFO on a diluted basis is a measure investors find most useful in measuring the dilutive impact of outstanding convertible securities.
The Company believes that FFO does not represent cash flow from operations as defined by GAAP, should not be considered as an alternative to net income as defined by GAAP, and is not indicative of cash available to fund all cash flow needs. The Company also cautions that FFO, as presented, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other real estate investment trusts.
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Funds From Operations ("FFO") (Continued)
Management compensates for the limitations of FFO by providing investors with financial statements prepared according to GAAP, along with this detailed discussion of FFO and a reconciliation of net income to FFO and FFO—diluted. Management believes that to further understand the Company's performance, FFO should be compared with the Company's reported net income and considered in addition to cash flows in accordance with GAAP, as presented in the Company's consolidated financial statements.
The following reconciles net income attributable to the Company to FFO and FFO—diluted attributable to common stockholders and unit holders-basic and diluted, excluding financing expense in connection with Chandler Freehold and loss on extinguishment of debt, net, for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 (dollars and shares in thousands):

|  |  |  |  |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Net income attributable to the Company |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 7,522 |  |  | $ | 7,824 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income attributable to the Company to FFO attributable to common stockholders and unit holders—basic and diluted: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership |  |  |  |  |  | 557 |  |  | 577 |
Loss on sale or write down of assets, net—consolidated assets |  |  |  |  |  | 36,703 |  |  | 6,316 |
Add: gain on sale of undepreciated assets—consolidated assets |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 534 |
Loss on sale or write down of assets—unconsolidated joint ventures, net(1) |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 71 |
Depreciation and amortization—consolidated assets |  |  |  |  |  | 82,213 |  |  | 81,468 |
Less: noncontrolling interests in depreciation and amortization—consolidated assets |  |  |  |  |  | (3,789) |  |  | (3,645) |
Depreciation and amortization—unconsolidated joint ventures(1) |  |  |  |  |  | 49,509 |  |  | 44,998 |
Less: depreciation on personal property |  |  |  |  |  | (4,326) |  |  | (3,865) |
FFO attributable to common stockholders and unit holders—basic and diluted |  |  |  |  |  | 168,389 |  |  | 134,278 |
Financing expense in connection with Chandler Freehold |  |  |  |  |  | (45,707) |  |  | (12,344) |
FFO attributable to common stockholders and unit holders, excluding financing expense in connection with Chandler Freehold—basic and diluted |  |  |  |  |  | 122,682 |  |  | 121,934 |
Loss on extinguishment of debt, net—consolidated assets |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 351 |
FFO attributable to common stockholders and unit holders, excluding financing expense in connection with Chandler Freehold and loss on extinguishment of debt, net—basic and diluted |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 122,682 |  |  | $ | 122,285 |
Weighted average number of FFO shares outstanding for FFO attributable to common stockholders and unit holders—basic and diluted(2) |  |  |  |  |  | 151,915 |  |  | 151,677 |

(1) Unconsolidated joint ventures are presented at the Company's pro rata share.
(2) Calculated based upon basic net income as adjusted to reach basic FFO. Includes 10.4 million OP Units for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
The computation of FFO—diluted shares outstanding includes the effect of share and unit-based compensation plans using the treasury stock method. It also assumes the conversion of MACWH, LP common and preferred units to the extent that they are dilutive to the FFO—diluted computation.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
The Company's primary market risk exposure is interest rate risk. The Company has managed and will continue to manage interest rate risk by (1) maintaining a ratio of fixed rate, long-term debt to total debt such that floating rate exposure is kept at an acceptable level, (2) reducing interest rate exposure on certain long-term floating rate debt through the use of interest rate caps and/or swaps with matching maturities where appropriate, (3) using treasury rate locks where appropriate to fix rates on anticipated debt transactions, and (4) taking advantage of favorable market conditions for long-term debt and/or equity.
The following table sets forth information as of March 31, 2020 concerning the Company's long-term debt obligations, including principal cash flows by scheduled maturity, weighted average interest rates and estimated fair value (dollars in thousands):

| Expected Maturity Date |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| For the twelve months ending March 31, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | Thereafter |  | Total |  | Fair Value
CONSOLIDATED CENTERS: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Long-term debt: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed rate | $ | 591,413 |  |  | $ | 477,471 |  |  | $ | 311,881 |  |  | $ | 6,933 |  |  | $ | 378,205 |  |  | $ | 2,603,289 |  |  | $ | 4,369,192 |  |  | $ | 4,425,896 |
Average interest rate | 4.56 | % |  | 4.27 | % |  | 4.07 | % |  | 3.49 | % |  | 4.05 | % |  | 3.79 | % |  | 3.99 | % |  |
Floating rate | 130,000 |  |  | 1,080,000 |  |  | 300,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,510,000 |  |  | 1,522,496 |
Average interest rate | 3.73 | % |  | 2.52 | % |  | 2.05 | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | 2.53 | % |  |
Total debt—Consolidated Centers | $ | 721,413 |  |  | $ | 1,557,471 |  |  | $ | 611,881 |  |  | $ | 6,933 |  |  | $ | 378,205 |  |  | $ | 2,603,289 |  |  | $ | 5,879,192 |  |  | $ | 5,948,392 |
UNCONSOLIDATED JOINT VENTURE CENTERS: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Long-term debt (at Company's pro rata share): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed rate | $ | 149,723 |  |  | $ | 43,002 |  |  | $ | 366,514 |  |  | $ | 688,786 |  |  | $ | 33,845 |  |  | $ | 1,747,977 |  |  | $ | 3,029,847 |  |  | $ | 3,066,899 |
Average interest rate | 3.81 | % |  | 3.70 | % |  | 3.67 | % |  | 3.74 | % |  | 3.84 | % |  | 3.88 | % |  | 3.81 | % |  |
Floating rate | — |  |  | 36,183 |  |  | 150,500 |  |  | 9,400 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 196,083 |  |  | 202,799 |
Average interest rate | — | % |  | 3.58 | % |  | 3.58 | % |  | 3.50 | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | 3.58 | % |  |
Total debt—Unconsolidated Joint Venture Centers | $ | 149,723 |  |  | $ | 79,185 |  |  | $ | 517,014 |  |  | $ | 698,186 |  |  | $ | 33,845 |  |  | $ | 1,747,977 |  |  | $ | 3,225,930 |  |  | $ | 3,269,698 |

The consolidated Centers' total fixed rate debt at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $4.4 billion. The average interest rate on the fixed rate debt at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was 3.99%. The consolidated Centers' total floating rate debt at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $1.5 billion and $850.0 million, respectively. The average interest rate on the floating rate debt at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was 2.53% and 3.36%, respectively.
The Company's pro rata share of the unconsolidated joint venture Centers' fixed rate debt at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $3.0 billion. The average interest rate on the fixed rate debt at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was 3.81%. The Company's pro rata share of the unconsolidated joint venture Centers' floating rate debt at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $196.1 million. The average interest rate on the floating rate debt at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was 3.58% and 3.69%, respectively.
The Company uses derivative financial instruments in the normal course of business to manage or hedge interest rate risk and records all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. Interest rate cap agreements offer protection against floating rates on the notional amount from exceeding the rates noted in the above schedule, and interest rate swap agreements effectively replace a floating rate on the notional amount with a fixed rate as noted above. As of March 31, 2020, the Company has one interest rate cap agreement and four interest rate swap agreements in place (See Note 5—Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities in the Company's Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
In addition, the Company has assessed the market risk for its floating rate debt and believes that a 1% increase in interest rates would decrease future earnings and cash flows by approximately $17.1 million per year based on $1.7 billion of floating rate debt outstanding at March 31, 2020.
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The fair value of the Company's long-term debt is estimated based on a present value model utilizing interest rates that reflect the risks associated with long-term debt of similar risk and duration. In addition, the method of computing fair value for mortgage notes payable included a credit value adjustment based on the estimated value of the property that serves as collateral for the underlying debt (See Note 10—Mortgage Notes Payable and Note 11—Bank and Other Notes Payable in the Company's Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
In the event that LIBOR is discontinued, the interest rate for the variable rate debt of the Company and its joint ventures and the swap rate for the Company’s interest rate swaps following such event will be based on an alternative variable rate as specified in the applicable documentation governing such debt or swaps or as otherwise agreed upon. Such an event would not affect the Company’s ability to borrow or maintain already outstanding borrowings or swaps, but the alternative variable rate could be higher and more volatile than LIBOR prior to its discontinuance. The Company understands that LIBOR is expected to remain available through the end of 2021, but may be discontinued or otherwise become unavailable thereafter.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
As required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, management carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on their evaluation as of March 31, 2020, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) were effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is (a) recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and (b) accumulated and communicated to the Company's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
In addition, there has been no change in the Company's internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15(d)-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that occurred during the Company's most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
None of the Company, the Operating Partnership, the Management Companies or their respective affiliates are currently involved in any material legal proceedings, although from time-to-time they are involved in various legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
The following risk factor supplements the risk factors described under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, and should be read in conjunction with the other risk factors presented in the Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The outbreak of the novel coronavirus ("COVID-19") has caused, and could continue to cause, severe disruptions in the U.S., regional and global economies and has impacted, and could continue to materially and adversely impact, our financial condition and results of operations and the financial condition and results of operations of our tenants.
In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. COVID-19 has caused, and could continue to cause, significant disruptions to the United States and global economy and has contributed to significant volatility and negative pressure in financial markets. The global impact of the outbreak is continually evolving and, as additional cases of the virus are identified, many countries, including the United States, have reacted by instituting quarantines, restrictions on travel and/or mandatory closures of businesses. Certain states and cities, including where the Centers are located, have also reacted by instituting quarantines, restrictions on travel, “stay-at-home” rules, restrictions on types of business that may continue to operate, and/or restrictions on the types of construction projects that may continue.
The extent to which COVID-19 impacts our operations will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence, including the scope, severity and duration of such pandemic, the actions taken to contain the pandemic or mitigate its impact, and the direct and indirect economic effects of the pandemic and containment measures, among others. The rapid development and fluidity of this situation precludes any prediction as to the full adverse
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impact of COVID-19. Nevertheless, COVID-19 has, and may continue to, adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, and it may also have the effect of heightening many of the risks described in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, including:
•a complete or partial closure of, or other operational issues at, one or more of our Centers resulting from government or tenant action, which has adversely affected, and is expected to continue to adversely effect, our operations and those of our tenants;
•reduced economic activity impacting the businesses, financial condition and liquidity of our tenants, which could cause one or more of our tenants, including one or more of our Anchors, or one or more of our joint venture partners, to be unable to meet their obligations to us in full, or at all, to otherwise seek modifications of such obligations or to declare bankruptcy;
•decreased levels of consumer spending and consumer confidence during the pandemic, as well as a decrease in individuals’ willingness to frequent our Centers once re-opened as a result of the public health risks and social impacts of such outbreak, which could affect the ability of the Centers to generate sufficient revenues to meet operating and other expenses in the short-term and accelerate a shift to online retail shopping, which, if sustained could result in prolonged decreases in revenue at the Centers even after the immediate impact of the pandemic is resolved;
•inability to renew leases, lease vacant space or re-let space as leases expire on favorable terms, or at all; which could cause interruptions or delays in the receipt of rental payments;
•a potential closure of one or more Anchors at one or more of our properties, which could trigger co-tenancy lease clauses within one or more of our leases at such properties and lead to a decline in revenue and occupancy;
•state, local or industry-initiated efforts, such as a rent freeze for tenants or a suspension of a landlord’s ability to enforce evictions, which may affect our ability to collect rent or enforce remedies for the failure to pay rent;
•severe disruption and instability in the global financial markets or deteriorations in credit and financing conditions, which could make it difficult for us to access debt and equity capital on attractive terms, or at all, and impact our ability to fund business activities and repay debt on a timely basis;
•disruptions in the supply of materials or products or the inability of contractors to perform on a timely basis or at all, which could increase the costs of construction of new or existing projects and cause delays in completing ongoing or future construction, development or re-development projects;
•a potential negative impact on our financial results could adversely impact our compliance with the financial covenants within our credit facility and other debt agreements or cause a failure to meet certain of these financial covenants, which could cause an event of default, which, if not cured or waived, could accelerate some or all of such indebtedness and could have a material adverse effect on us;
•the potential that we may further reduce our dividend and/or continue to pay dividends at least partially in our stock instead of in cash, in which case stockholders may be required to pay U.S. federal income taxes in excess of the cash dividends they receive;
•a potential decline in asset values at one or more of our properties encumbered by mortgage debt, which could inhibit our ability to successfully refinance one or more such properties, result in a default under the applicable mortgage debt agreement and potentially cause the acceleration of such indebtedness;
•a general decline in business activity and demand for real estate transactions, which could adversely affect our ability or desire to make strategic acquisitions or dispositions;
•the potential negative impact on the health of our personnel, particularly if a significant number of our executive management team or key employees are impacted, which could result in a deterioration in our ability to ensure business continuity during a disruption;
•uncertainty as to what conditions must be satisfied before government authorities lift “stay-at-home” orders and public health officials begin the process of gradually allowing non-essential businesses to resume operations and whether government authorities will impose (or suggest) requirements on landlords, such as us, to protect the health and safety
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of tenants and customers to our properties, which could result in increased operating costs and demands on our property management teams to ensure compliance with any such requirements; and
•the limited access to our facilities, management, tenants, support staff and professional advisors, which could hamper our ability to comply with regulatory obligations and prevent us from conducting our business as efficiently and effectively as we otherwise would.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
On March 2, 2020 and March 23, 2020, the Company, as general partner of the Operating Partnership, issued 2,000 and 81,722 shares of common stock of the Company, respectively, upon the redemption of 83,722 common partnership units of the Operating Partnership. These shares of common stock were issued in private placements to two limited partners of the Operating Partnership, each an accredited investor, pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Period |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased |  |  | Average Price Paid per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |  |  | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (1) |
January 1, 2020 to January 31, 2020 |  | — |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | $ | 278,707,048 |  |
February 1, 2020 to February 29, 2020 |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | $ | 278,707,048 |  |
March 1, 2020 to March 31, 2020 |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  | $ | 278,707,048 |  |
Total |  | — |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |

(1)On February 12, 2017, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $500.0 million of the Company's outstanding common shares from time to time as market conditions warrant.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not Applicable
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not Applicable
Item 5. Other Information
Not Applicable
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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Number |  | Description
2.1 |  | Master Agreement, dated November 14, 2014, by and among Pacific Premier Retail LP, MACPT LLC, Macerich PPR GP LLC, Queens JV LP, Macerich Queens JV LP, Queens JV GP LLC, 1700480 Ontario Inc. and the Company (incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, event date November 14, 2014).
3.1 |  | Articles of Amendment and Restatement of the Company (incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-11, as amended (No. 33-68964)) (Filed in paper - hyperlink is not required pursuant to Rule 105 of Regulation S-T).
3.1.1 |  | Articles Supplementary of the Company (incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, event date May 30, 1995) (Filed in paper - hyperlink is not required pursuant to Rule 105 of Regulation S-T).
3.1.2 |  | Articles Supplementary of the Company (with respect to the first paragraph) (incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Company's 1998 Form 10-K).
3.1.3 |  | Articles Supplementary of the Company (Series D Preferred Stock) (incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, event date July 26, 2002).
3.1.4 |  | Articles Supplementary of the Company (incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3, as amended (No. 333-88718)).
3.1.5 |  | Articles of Amendment of the Company (declassification of Board) (incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Company's 2008 Form 10-K).
3.1.6 |  | Articles Supplementary of the Company (incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, event date February 5, 2009).
3.1.7 |  | Articles of Amendment of the Company (increased authorized shares) (incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2009).
3.1.8 |  | Articles of Amendment of the Company (to eliminate the supermajority vote requirement to amend the charter and to clarify a reference in Article NINTH) (incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, event date May 30, 2014).
3.1.9 |  | Articles Supplementary of the Company (election to be subject to Section 3-803 of the Maryland General Corporation Law) (incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, event date March 17, 2015).
3.1.10 |  | Articles Supplementary of the Company (Series E Preferred Stock) (incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, event date March 18, 2015).
3.1.11 |  | Articles Supplementary of the Company (reclassification of Series E Preferred Stock to Preferred Stock) (incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, event date May 7, 2015).
3.1.12 |  | Articles Supplementary of the Company (repeal of election to be subject to Section 3-803 of the Maryland General Corporation Law) (incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, event date May 28, 2015).
3.1.13 |  | Articles Supplementary of the Company (opting out of provisions of Subtitle 8 of Title 3 of the Maryland General Corporate Law (MUTA provisions)) (incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, event date April 24, 2019).
3.2 |  | Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, event date April 24, 2019).
10.1* |  | Form of LTIP Unit Award Agreement under 2003 Equity Incentive Plan (Performance-based)
31.1 |  | Section 302 Certification of Thomas O'Hern, Chief Executive Officer
31.2 |  | Section 302 Certification of Scott Kingsmore, Chief Financial Officer
32.1** |  | Section 906 Certifications of Thomas O'Hern and Scott Kingsmore
101.SCH |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

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Exhibit Number |  | Description
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL with applicable taxonomy extension information contained in Exhibits 101.*).

*Represents a management contract, or compensatory plan, contract or arrangement required to be filed pursuant to Regulation S-K
** Furnished herewith.
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Signature
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  |  | THE MACERICH COMPANY |
|  |  | By: | /s/ SCOTT W. KINGSMORE
|  |  |  | Scott W. Kingsmore
|  |  |  | Senior Executive Vice President, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer
Date: | May 11, 2020 |  |  | (Principal Financial Officer)

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