11. Restructuring and Other Charges

As discussed in Note 3 (“Discontinued Operations”), we completed the Spin-off of Exterran Corporation on November 3, 2015. During the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, we incurred $0.4 million and $0.7 million, respectively, of costs associated with the Spin-off that were directly attributable to Archrock and are summarized below. During the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, we incurred $0.8 million and $1.8 million, respectively, of costs associated with the Spin-off. The restructuring charges associated with the Spin-off are not directly attributable to our reportable segments because they primarily represent costs incurred within the corporate function. As of June 30, 2017, we had an accrued liability of $0.3 million related to retention benefits incurred. We expect to incur an additional $0.6 million for the remainder of 2017.

In the first quarter of 2016, we determined to undertake a cost reduction program to reduce our on-going operating expenses, including workforce reductions and closure of certain make-ready shops. These actions were a result of our review of our businesses and efforts to efficiently manage cost and maintain our businesses in line with then current and expected activity levels and anticipated make-ready demand in the U.S. market. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, we incurred $2.3 million and $9.3 million, respectively, of restructuring and other charges as a result of this plan primarily related to severance benefits and consulting fees. These charges are reflected as restructuring and other charges in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. The cost reduction program under this plan was completed during the fourth quarter of 2016.

The following table presents the expense incurred under this plan by reportable segment (in thousands):



	Contract Operations		Aftermarket Services		Other ⁽¹⁾		Total
Three months ended June 30, 2016	$	675	$	432	$	1,161	$	2,268
Six months ended June 30, 2016	2,916		801		5,552		9,269


⁽¹⁾	Represents expenses incurred under this plan that are not directly attributable to our reportable segments because it represents severance benefits and consulting fees incurred within the corporate function.

The following table summarizes the changes to our accrued liability balance related to restructuring and other charges for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2017 (in thousands):



	Spin-off			Cost Reduction Plan			Total
Beginning balance at January 1, 2016	$	855		$	—		$	855
Additions for costs expensed	1,800			9,269			11,069
Less non-cash expense ⁽¹⁾	(660		)	—			(660		)
Reductions for payments	(1,333		)	(9,269		)	(10,602		)
Ending balance at June 30, 2016	$	662		$	—		$	662

Beginning balance at January 1, 2017	$	712		$	—		$	712
Additions for costs expensed	823			—			823
Less non-cash expense⁽¹⁾	(589		)	—			(589		)
Reductions for payments	(606		)	—			(606		)
Ending balance at June 30, 2017	$	340		$	—		$	340


⁽¹⁾	Represents non-cash retention benefits associated with the Spin-off to be settled in Archrock stock.

The following table summarizes the components of charges included in restructuring and other charges in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2017		2016		2017		2016
Retention and severance benefits	$	366	$	2,070	$	823	$	7,394
Consulting services	—		934		—		3,675
Total restructuring and other charges	$	366	$	3,004	$	823	$	11,069