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Segments
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segments

23. Segments

We manage our business segments primarily based on the type of product or service provided. We have two segments which we operate within the U.S.: contract operations and aftermarket services. The contract operations segment primarily provides natural gas compression services to meet specific customer requirements. The aftermarket services segment provides a full range of services to support the compression needs of customers, from parts sales and normal maintenance services to full operation of a customer’s owned assets.

We evaluate the performance of our segments based on gross margin for each segment. Revenue includes only sales to external customers.

The following table presents revenue and gross margin by segment during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands):

    

Contract

    

Aftermarket

    

    

Operations

    

Services

    

Total

Three months ended March 31, 2020

 

  

 

  

 

  

Revenue

$

206,974

$

42,723

$

249,697

Gross margin

 

128,323

 

7,732

 

136,055

Three months ended March 31, 2019

 

  

 

  

 

  

Revenue

$

182,507

$

53,652

$

236,159

Gross margin

 

107,772

 

9,750

 

117,522

The following table reconciles total gross margin to income (loss) before income taxes (in thousands):

    

Three Months Ended

March 31, 

    

2020

    

2019

Total gross margin

$

136,055

$

117,522

Less:

 

  

 

  

Selling, general and administrative

 

30,626

 

28,989

Depreciation and amortization

 

49,822

 

44,106

Long-lived asset impairment

 

6,195

 

3,092

Goodwill impairment

99,830

Restatement and other charges

 

 

421

Restructuring charges

1,728

Interest expense

 

29,665

 

23,617

Transaction-related costs

 

 

180

(Gain) loss on sale of assets, net

(4,116)

16

Other income, net

 

(555)

 

(221)

Income (loss) before income taxes

$

(77,140)

$

17,322