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Segments
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Segments  
Segments

29. Segments

We manage our business segments primarily based on the type of product or service provided. We have two segments which we operate within the U.S.: contract operations and aftermarket services. The contract operations segment primarily provides natural gas compression services to meet specific customer requirements. The aftermarket services segment provides a full range of services to support the compression needs of customers, from parts sales and normal maintenance services to full operation of a customer’s owned assets.

We evaluate the performance of our segments based on gross margin, defined as revenue less cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization) for each segment. Segment revenue includes only sales to external customers.

Summarized financial information for our segments is shown below:

    

Contract

    

Aftermarket

    

    

(in thousands)

    

Operations

    

Services

    

Other (1)

    

Total

2023

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Revenue

$

809,439

$

180,898

$

$

990,337

Gross margin

 

502,691

 

38,627

 

 

541,318

Capital expenditures

294,315

 

3,300

 

1,017

 

298,632

2022

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Revenue

$

677,801

$

167,767

$

$

845,568

Gross margin

 

398,903

 

27,181

 

 

426,084

Capital expenditures

 

237,246

 

1,964

 

657

 

239,867

2021

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Revenue

$

648,311

$

133,150

$

$

781,461

Gross margin

 

403,825

 

18,719

 

 

422,544

Capital expenditures

 

94,863

 

2,675

 

347

 

97,885

(1)Corporate–related items.

The reconciliations of total assets by segment to total assets per the consolidated balance sheets are as follows:

    

December 31, 

(in thousands)

    

2023

2022

Contract operations assets

$

2,518,282

$

2,431,145

Aftermarket services assets

 

57,459

 

61,282

Segment assets

2,575,741

2,492,427

Other assets (1)

72,341

97,737

Assets of discontinued operations

7,868

8,586

Total assets

$

2,655,950

$

2,598,750

(1)Corporate–related items.

The reconciliations of total gross margin to income before income taxes are as follows:

Year Ended December 31, 

(in thousands)

2023

    

2022

    

2021

Total gross margin

$

541,318

$

426,084

$

422,544

Less:

 

  

 

  

 

  

Selling, general and administrative

 

116,639

 

117,184

 

107,167

Depreciation and amortization

 

166,241

 

164,259

 

178,946

Long-lived and other asset impairment

 

12,041

 

21,442

 

21,397

Restructuring charges

1,775

2,903

Interest expense

 

111,488

 

101,259

 

108,135

Gain on sale of assets, net

(10,199)

(40,494)

(30,258)

Other expense (income), net

 

1,086

 

1,845

 

(4,707)

Income before income taxes

$

142,247

$

60,589

$

38,961