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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Income Taxes  
Schedule of provision for income taxes

Year Ended December 31, 

(in thousands)

    

2023

    

2022

    

2021

Current tax provision:

U.S. federal

$

$

$

(1)

State

 

1,591

 

1,064

 

366

Total current

1,591

1,064

365

Deferred tax provision:

  

  

  

U.S. federal

32,928

14,320

8,800

State

 

2,730

 

909

 

1,579

Total deferred

35,658

15,229

10,379

Provision for income taxes

$

37,249

$

16,293

$

10,744

Reconciliation of effective tax rates to the U.S. statutory rate

Year Ended December 31, 

(in thousands)

2023

    

2022

    

2021

Income taxes at U.S. federal statutory rate

    

$

29,872

    

$

12,724

    

$

8,182

Net state income taxes

 

3,614

 

1,795

 

1,374

Tax credits

 

 

(26)

 

(720)

Unrecognized tax benefits (1)

 

118

 

17

 

598

Valuation allowances and write off of tax attributes (2)

 

570

 

(68)

 

(167)

Executive compensation limitation

 

3,470

 

1,901

 

1,559

Stock

 

(213)

 

152

 

162

Other

 

(182)

 

(202)

 

(244)

Provision for income taxes

$

37,249

$

16,293

$

10,744

(1)Includes the expiration of statute of limitations. See “Unrecognized Tax Benefits” below for further details.
(2)See “Tax Attributes and Valuation Allowances” below for further details.
Schedule of deferred income tax balances

December 31, 

(in thousands)

2023

2022

Deferred tax assets:

    

  

    

  

Net operating loss carryforwards

$

164,972

$

191,916

Interest expense limitation carryforward

 

30,343

 

19,327

Basis difference in unconsolidated affiliate

686

Accrued liabilities

 

6,704

 

4,979

Other

 

12,015

 

12,834

214,720

229,056

Valuation allowances (1)

 

(1,177)

 

(607)

Total deferred tax assets

213,543

228,449

Deferred tax liabilities:

 

  

 

  

Property, plant and equipment

(12,125)

(8,386)

Basis difference in partnership

 

(197,999)

 

(181,377)

Other

 

(5,148)

 

(6,187)

Total deferred tax liabilities

 

(215,272)

 

(195,950)

Net deferred tax asset (liability) (2)

$

(1,729)

$

32,499

(1)See “Tax Attributes and Valuation Allowances” below for further details.
(2)The 2023 and 2022 net deferred tax asset or liability are reflected in our consolidated balance sheets as deferred tax assets of $3.2 million and $33.4 million, respectively, and deferred tax liabilities of $4.9 million and $0.9 million, respectively.
Schedule of changes in valuation allowance

Year Ended December 31, 

(in thousands)

2023

    

2022

    

2021

Balance at beginning of period

      

$

(607)

      

$

(735)

      

$

(1,027)

Additions to valuation allowance

(742)

(88)

Reductions to valuation allowance

172

216

292

Balance at end of period

$

(1,177)

$

(607)

$

(735)

Schedule of changes in unrecognized tax benefits

Year Ended December 31, 

(in thousands)

2023

    

2022

    

2021

Beginning balance

    

$

19,651

    

$

19,594

    

$

18,892

Additions based on tax positions related to current year

 

1,886

 

2,151

 

2,246

Additions based on tax positions related to prior years

 

 

6

 

632

Reductions based on tax positions related to prior years

 

(7)

 

(105)

 

(138)

Reductions based on lapse of statute of limitations

 

(2,065)

 

(1,995)

 

(2,038)

Ending balance

$

19,465

$

19,651

$

19,594