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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes INCOME TAXES:
The effective tax rates for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were 27.6% and 33.3%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2021 differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to the impact of equity compensation and state taxes. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2020 differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to the impact of noncontrolling interest (See Note 13 - Acquisitions and Dispositions for more information), equity compensation, and state taxes.

On March 27, 2020, the United States enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “Act”) which, among other things, removed the 80% taxable income limitation for utilization of net operating losses generated in tax years 2018 through 2020, allowing for 5-year net operating loss carrybacks, increased the adjusted taxable income limitation for the disallowance of interest expense from 30% to 50%, and provided for refunds of any remaining alternative minimum tax (AMT) credits. As a result of the Act, the Company recorded in the first quarter of 2020 AMT refunds of $102,482 in Recoverable Income Taxes in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for the AMT refund received in 2020. The impact of other tax implications of the Act on the financial statements and related disclosures are immaterial.

The total amount of uncertain tax positions at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 was $31,891. If these uncertain tax positions were recognized, approximately $31,891 would affect CNX's effective tax rate at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. There was no change to the unrecognized tax benefits during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

CNX recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in interest expense and income tax expense, respectively. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, CNX had no accrued liabilities for interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions.
CNX and its subsidiaries file federal income tax returns with the United States and tax returns within various states. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to United States federal, state, local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for the years before 2016. The Internal Revenue Service and the Joint Committee on Taxation concluded its review of tax years 2016 through 2017 during the third quarter of 2020.
West Virginia enacted legislation in April 2021 that, among other things, instituted a single sales factor apportionment formula. The Company is currently evaluating the impact to deferred taxes and related valuation allowances in the consolidated financial statements.