The following table sets forth the carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s significant financial instruments for which the carrying amount differs from the fair value.


	December 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Long-term debt, net of current portion	$	3,035,868	$	2,890,009	$	2,719,783	$	2,477,884

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents and short-term debt approximates fair value. The fair value of long-term debt is determined based on recent trade information in the financial markets of the Company’s public debt or is determined by discounting future cash flows using interest rates available to the Company for issues with similar terms and maturities, which is considered a Level 2 fair value measurement.

At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had derivative financial instruments outstanding to hedge anticipated transactions and certain asset and liability related cash flows. These contracts, which have maturities ranging through December 2024, qualify as cash flow hedges under U.S. GAAP. For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings and is presented in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item.

Certain derivative contracts entered into to manage the cost of anticipated purchases of natural gas and aluminum have been designated by the Company as cash flow hedges. At December 31, 2023, these contracts included natural gas swaps covering approximately 0.1 million MMBTUs, representing approximately 1% of anticipated natural gas usage in 2024. The Company also has certain natural gas hedges that are not designated as cash flow hedges. See “Non-Designated Derivatives” below for a discussion of these hedges. The Company has also designated swap contracts covering 488 metric tons of aluminum as cash flow hedges. These contracts represent approximately 10% of anticipated aluminum usage for 2024. The fair values of the Company’s commodity cash flow hedges netted to a loss position of $(41) and $(172) at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The amount of the loss included in accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2023, expected to be reclassified to the income statement during the next twelve months is $(41).

The Company has entered into forward contracts to hedge certain anticipated foreign currency denominated sales, purchases, and capital spending expected to occur in 2024. The net positions of these contracts at December 31, 2023, were as follows (in thousands):


Currency	Action	Quantity
Colombian peso	purchase	22,276,464
Mexican peso	purchase	579,207
Polish zloty	purchase	131,417
Danish Krone	purchase	48,225
Swedish Krone	sell	(6,827)
Czech koruna	purchase	109,362
Euro	purchase	2,291
Turkish lira	purchase	57,507
Brazilian real	purchase	54,302
British pound	sell	(435)
Canadian dollar	purchase	35,016

The fair value of foreign currency cash flow hedges related to forecasted sales and purchases netted to a gain position of $1,502 at December 31, 2023, and a loss position of $(299) at December 31, 2022. The amount of the gain expected to be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to the income statement during the next twelve months is $1,502. In addition, the Company has entered into forward contracts to hedge certain foreign currency cash flow transactions related to construction in progress. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the net positions of these contracts were $0 and $(564), respectively. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, losses from these hedges totaling $(401) were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss and included in the carrying value of the

capitalized expenditures. No gains or losses are expected to be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss and included in the carrying value of the related fixed assets acquired during the next twelve months.

During 2023, the Company became a party to cross-currency swap agreements with a total notional amount of $500,000 to effectively convert a portion of the Company’s fixed-rate U.S. dollar denominated debt, including the semi-annual interest payments, to fixed-rate euro-denominated debt. The swap agreements, which have a maturity of December 18, 2026, provide for the Company to receive semi-annual interest payments in U.S. dollars at a fixed rate and to make semi-annual interest payments in euro at a fixed rate. The risk management objective of entering into the swap agreements is to manage foreign currency risk relating to net investments in certain European subsidiaries denominated in euros. The agreements are designated as net investment hedges for accounting purposes.

The gain or loss on the net investment hedge derivative instrument is included in the foreign currency translation component of accumulated other comprehensive loss until the net investment is sold, diluted, or liquidated. Interest payments received for the cross-currency swaps are excluded from the net investment hedge effectiveness assessment and are recorded in “Interest expense” on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income. The assumptions used in measuring fair value of the cross-currency swaps are considered level 2 inputs, which are based upon the Euro-to-U.S. dollar exchange rate market.

For the year ended December 31, 2023, the fair value of the Company’s net investment hedges was a loss position of $5,073, and a loss of $3,779 (net of income taxes of $1,294) was reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss within foreign currency items.

The Company routinely enters into other derivative contracts which are not designated for hedge accounting treatment under ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging.” As such, changes in fair value of these non-designated derivatives are recorded directly to income and expense in the periods that they occur.

The Company routinely enters into forward contracts or swaps to economically hedge the currency exposure of intercompany debt and foreign currency denominated receivables and payables. The net currency positions of these non-designated contracts at December 31, 2023, were as follows (in thousands):

The Company has entered into non-designated derivative contracts to manage the cost of anticipated purchases of natural gas. At December 31, 2023, these contracts consisted of natural gas swaps covering approximately 5.4 million MMBTUs and represented approximately 75% of anticipated usage in North America for 2024, respectively.

Pursuant to the registered public offering of unsecured 2.85% notes with a principal amount of $500,000 maturing on February 1, 2032, the Company entered into two treasury lock derivative instruments with a notional principal amount of $150,000 each on December 29, 2021 with the risk management objective of reducing the Company's exposure to increases in the underlying Treasury index up to the date of pricing of the notes. The derivatives were settled when the bonds priced on January 11, 2022, with the Company recognizing a gain on the settlement of $5,201. The gain is included in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended December 31, 2022.

The fair value of the Company’s non-designated derivatives position was a loss of $(6,790) and $(8,692) at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The following table sets forth the location and fair values of the Company’s derivative instruments at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:


		Fair Value at December 31
Description	Balance Sheet Location	2023		2022
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity Contracts	Prepaid expenses	$	67	$	10
Commodity Contracts	Other assets	—		8
Commodity Contracts	Accrued expenses and other	(108)		(155)
Commodity Contracts	Other liabilities	—		(35)
Foreign Exchange Contracts	Prepaid expenses	2,525		1,251
Foreign Exchange Contracts	Accrued expenses and other	(1,024)		(2,114)
Net investment hedge	Prepaid expenses	5,567		—
Net investment hedge	Other liabilities	(10,640)		—
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Commodity Contracts	Prepaid expenses	$	12	$	5
Commodity Contracts	Other assets	—		251
Commodity Contracts	Accrued expenses and other	(6,782)		(8,599)
Commodity Contracts	Other liabilities	—		(295)
Foreign Exchange Contracts	Prepaid expenses	130		115

Foreign Exchange Contracts	Accrued expenses and other	(159)		(169)

While certain of the Company's derivative contract arrangements with its counterparties provide for the ability to settle contracts on a net basis, the Company reports its derivative positions on a gross basis. There are no collateral arrangements or requirements in these agreements.

The following tables set forth the effect of the Company’s derivative instruments on financial performance for the year ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, excluding the gains or losses on foreign currency cash flow hedges that were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to the carrying value of the capitalized expenditures:


Description	Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivatives		Location of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI Into Income	Amount of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI Into Income
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships:
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Foreign Exchange Contracts	$	8,982	Net sales	$	10,860
			Cost of sales	$	(3,728)
Commodity Contracts	$	99	Cost of sales	$	(32)

Year Ended December 31, 2022
Foreign Exchange Contracts	$	(1,009)	Net sales	$	3,460
			Cost of sales	$	(2,852)
Commodity Contracts	$	5,321	Cost of sales	$	6,948

Description

Gain or (Loss)

Recognized

Location of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income Statement

Derivatives not Designated as Hedging Instruments:

Year Ended December 31, 2023

Commodity Contracts

(19,087)

Cost of Sales

Foreign Exchange Contracts

7,560

Selling, general and administrative

Year Ended December 31, 2022

Commodity Contracts

1,831

Cost of sales

Foreign Exchange Contracts

355

Selling, general and administrative


		Year Ended December 31, 2023				Year Ended December 31, 2022
Description		Net Sales		Cost of Sales		Net Sales		Cost of Sales
Total amount of income and expense line items presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income		$	10,860	$	(3,760)	$	3,460	$	4,096

Gain or (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships:
Foreign exchange contracts:
	Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into net income	$	10,860	$	(3,728)	$	3,460	$	(2,852)

Commodity contract:
	Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into net income	$	—	$	(32)	$	—	$	6,948