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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]  
Summary of Stock Option Activity
A summary of stock option activity under the
20
12
Plan, including 1,061,250 stock options that were granted outside of the
20
12
Plan in 2019, is
presented below (in millions, except share and per share amounts):
 
 
  
Number of Shares
 
  
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
  
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contract Term

(in years)
 
  
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 
Balance as of December 31, 2020
     62,827,150     $ 4.55        7.8      $ 1,208.0  
Granted
     3,375,940       13.89                    
Exercised
     (9,318,462 )     2.89                    
Forfeited
     (2,359,089 )     6.87                    
    
 
 
                            
Balance as of December 31, 2021
     54,525,539     $ 5.30       
7.1
     $ 221.3  
    
 
 
                           
Excercisable and vested at December 31, 2021
     34,618,347     $ 4.02       
6.3
     $ 176.6  
    
 
 
                            
Summary of Restricted Stock Units Activity
A summary of RSU activity under the 2012 Plan and the 2021 Plan is presented below:
 
 
  
Number of Shares
 
  
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 
Balance as of December 31, 2020
  
 
32,556,160
 
  
$
6.75
 
Granted
  
 
41,969,138
 
  
 
13.30
 
Vested and converted to common stock
  
 
(15,779,232
  
 
10.21
 
Forfeited
  
 
(4,228,136
  
 
13.20
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Balance as of December 31, 2021
  
 
54,517,930
 
  
$
10.29
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Summary of Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount
Total stock-based compensation expense included in the consolidated statement of operations is as follows (in millions):
 
    
Year Ended December 31,
 
    
2021
    
2020
    
2019
 
Commissions and other related expense
   $ 128.7      $ 5.7      $ 16.1  
Sales and marketing
     38.4        16.0        11.1  
Operations and support
     16.9        3.5        2.4  
Research and development
     92.7        1.4        2.8  
General and administrative
     109.6        16.6        5.0  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total stock-based compensation expense
   $
 
386.3      $
 
43.2      $
 
37.4  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Summary of share-based payment Award, Stock Options, valuation assumptions The inputs used below are subjective and require significant judgement to determine. 
    
Year Ended December 31,
 
    
2021
   
2020
   
2019
 
Expected term (in years)
     6.3       7.0       5.9  
Risk-free interest rate
     0.9     0.8     2.3
Expected volatility
     49.3     45.1     45.0
Dividend rate
            
Fair value of common stock (range for the period)
 
$
8.80 - $18.00
 
 
$
6.65 - $23.44
 
 
$
5.16 - $6.44
 
Weighted average grant date fair value of options granted
   $
8.68
    $ 5.67     $ 2.62  
IPO [Member]  
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]  
Summary of Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount
The Company has not recognized any tax benefits from stock-based compensation as a result of the full valuation allowance maintained on its deferred tax assets.