GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

Goodwill

All of our goodwill is in the EMEA segment. The changes in goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 were:



	Goodwill
	(in thousands)
Balance at January 1, 2017	$	1,480
Foreign currency translation	208
Balance at December 31, 2017	1,688
Foreign currency translation	(74		)
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	1,614

Accumulated goodwill impairment at December 31, 2018 was $0.8 million.

Intangible Assets, Net

‘Intangible assets, net’ reported in the consolidated balance sheets consist of the following:



	December 31, 2018							December 31, 2017
	Gross		Accum. Amortiz.			Net		Gross		Accum. Amortiz.			Net
	(in thousands)
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Capitalized software	$	138,857	$	(97,900	)	$	40,957	$	143,275	$	(90,219	)	$	53,056
Patents, copyrights, and trademarks	5,338		(4,588		)	750		5,636		(4,969		)	667
Other	—		—			—		214		(214		)	—
Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
In progress ⁽¹⁾	3,906		—			3,906		2,378		—			2,378
Trademarks and other	77		—			77		326		—			326
Total	$	148,178	$	(102,488	)	$	45,690	$	151,829	$	(95,402	)	$	56,427

⁽¹⁾ In the year ended December 31, 2017, we recorded a write-off of $4.8 million for a discontinued project.

At December 31, 2018, the weighted average remaining useful life of intangibles subject to amortization was approximately 6.6 years.

Amortization Expense

Amortization expense related to definite-lived intangible assets, reported in ‘Cost of sales’ and ‘Selling, general and administrative expenses’ was:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2018		2017		2016
	(in thousands)
Cost of sales	$	3,889	$	4,550	$	5,127
Selling, general and administrative expenses	12,759		13,579		13,849
Total amortization expense	$	16,648	$	18,129	$	18,976

Estimated future annual amortization expense of intangible assets is: