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Investments and Notes Receivable - Summary of Investments (Details)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
May 22, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Jan. 01, 2025
USD ($)
Apr. 01, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
Investments (at fair value):                
Amortized cost   $ 1,087,223 $ 1,087,223          
Fair value   1,085,826 1,085,826          
Equity securities   74,494 74,494 $ 50,907        
Total investments at fair value   1,160,320 1,160,320 1,006,810        
Held to maturity investments                
Fair value   210,774 210,774 162,738        
Beneficial interest in securitizations   213,809 213,809 225,079        
Notes receivable   32,258 32,258 53,747        
Other investments and notes receivable, net   1,040,376 1,040,376 857,866        
Total investments and notes receivable   2,200,696 2,200,696 1,864,676        
Debt securities, held-to-maturity, transfer from available-for-sale $ 70,600              
Debt securities, held-to-maturity, excluding accrued interest, transfer from available-for-sale, unrealized gain $ 3,400              
Recognized income     17,486 9,120 $ 8,584      
Beneficial interest in loan securitizations     39,491          
Less: net losses attributed to noncontrolling interest investors (syndication partners)     (8,130) (40,496) (18,154)      
Net (losses) gains, excluding activity attributed to noncontrolling interest investors     184,045 89,826 406,899      
Loans and accrued interest receivable   9,992,744 9,992,744 13,108,204        
Bond securities, par value   237,300 $ 237,300          
Debt covenant, percent of principle balance debt issue required before liquidation     0.33          
Private education loans - Non-Nelnet Bank                
Held to maturity investments                
Loans and accrued interest receivable   206,283 $ 206,283 256,186 239,080      
Wells Fargo | Private education loans - Non-Nelnet Bank | Non-federally insured student loans                
Held to maturity investments                
Loans and accrued interest receivable               $ 10,000,000
Asset-Backed Securities, Available-For-Sale, Non-Nelnet And Nelnet Bank                
Investments (at fair value):                
Amortized cost   1,087,223 1,087,223 982,878        
Gross unrealized gains   19,290 19,290 12,597        
Gross unrealized losses   (20,687) (20,687) (39,572)        
Fair value   1,085,826 1,085,826 955,903        
Asset-Backed Securities, Available-For-Sale, Non-Nelnet Bank                
Investments (at fair value):                
Amortized cost   557,140 557,140 611,956        
Gross unrealized gains   11,455 11,455 7,972        
Gross unrealized losses   (19,092) (19,092) (35,635)        
Fair value   549,503 549,503 584,293        
Asset-Backed Securities, Available-For-Sale, Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP) Loans, Non-Nelnet Bank                
Investments (at fair value):                
Amortized cost   188,386 188,386 271,479        
Gross unrealized gains   5,804 5,804 4,883        
Gross unrealized losses   (896) (896) (5,393)        
Fair value   193,294 193,294 270,969        
Asset-Backed Securites, Available-For-Sale, Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP) and Other Loans, Restricted Investments                
Investments (at fair value):                
Amortized cost   98,914 98,914 16,993        
Gross unrealized gains   3,151 3,151 1,069        
Gross unrealized losses   (78) (78) (93)        
Fair value   101,987 101,987 17,969        
Asset-Backed Securities, Available-For-Sale, Private Education Loans, Non-Nelnet Bank                
Investments (at fair value):                
Amortized cost   237,288 237,288 281,791        
Gross unrealized gains   0 0 0        
Gross unrealized losses   (18,118) (18,118) (28,874)        
Fair value   219,170 219,170 252,917        
Asset-Backed Securities, Available-For-Sale, Other, Non-Nelnet Bank                
Investments (at fair value):                
Amortized cost   32,552 32,552 41,693        
Gross unrealized gains   2,500 2,500 2,020        
Gross unrealized losses   0 0 (1,275)        
Fair value   35,052 35,052 42,438        
Asset-Backed Securities, Available-For-Sale, Nelnet Bank                
Investments (at fair value):                
Amortized cost   530,083 530,083 370,922        
Gross unrealized gains   7,835 7,835 4,625        
Gross unrealized losses   (1,595) (1,595) (3,937)        
Fair value   536,323 536,323 371,610        
Asset-Backed Securities, Available-For-Sale, Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP) Loans, Nelnet Bank                
Investments (at fair value):                
Amortized cost   231,543 231,543 304,555        
Gross unrealized gains   6,060 6,060 4,488        
Gross unrealized losses   (270) (270) (2,286)        
Fair value   237,333 237,333 306,757        
Asset-Backed Securities, Available-For-Sale, Private Education Loans, Nelnet Bank                
Investments (at fair value):                
Amortized cost   1,596 1,596 17,083        
Gross unrealized gains   0 0 20        
Gross unrealized losses   0 0 (10)        
Fair value   1,596 1,596 17,093        
Asset-Backed Securities, Available-For-Sale, Other, Nelnet Bank                
Investments (at fair value):                
Amortized cost   296,944 296,944 49,284        
Gross unrealized gains   1,775 1,775 117        
Gross unrealized losses   (1,325) (1,325) (1,641)        
Fair value   297,394 297,394 47,760        
Debt Securities, Held-To-Maturity, Non-Nelnet Bank                
Held to maturity investments                
Fair value   0 0 4,700        
Held-To-Maturity Investments, Nelnet Bank                
Held to maturity investments                
Fair value   210,774 210,774 158,038        
Asset-Backed Securities, Held-To-Maturity, Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP) Loans, Nelnet Bank                
Held to maturity investments                
Fair value   203,439 203,439 149,938        
Debt Securities, Held-To-Maturity, Other, Nelnet Bank                
Held to maturity investments                
Fair value   7,335 7,335 8,100        
Venture capital funds                
Held to maturity investments                
Measurement alternative (d)   200,782 200,782 194,084        
Equity method   170,258 170,258 91,464        
Other investments   371,040 371,040 285,548        
Amount funded or committed to fund   48,500 48,500          
Venture capital funds | Hudl                
Held to maturity investments                
Measurement alternative (d)   168,700 168,700          
Payment to acquire additional ownership interests in investment   3,300            
Real estate                
Held to maturity investments                
Equity method   131,745 131,745 103,811        
Partnership Interest                
Held to maturity investments                
Equity method   0 0 10,693        
Preferred membership interest and accrued and unpaid preferred return   225,614 225,614 155,047        
Other investments   225,614 225,614 165,740        
Equity securities, realized loss     10,700 65,300 68,000      
Preferred membership interest and accrued and unpaid preferred return   225,614 225,614 155,047        
Partnership Interest | ALLO                
Held to maturity investments                
Preferred membership interest and accrued and unpaid preferred return   225,600 225,600          
Preferred membership interest and accrued and unpaid preferred return   225,600 225,600          
Equity method investment, preferred annual, after increase value   56,500 56,500       $ 155,000  
Accrued preferred return capitalized   14,100 14,100          
Equity method investment, preferred, additional amount purchased     53,100          
Partnership Interest | ALLO | Subsequent Event                
Held to maturity investments                
Equity method investment, preferred annual, after increase value           $ 169,100    
Beneficial interest in consumer loan securitizations                
Held to maturity investments                
Consumer loans, allowance for credit losses   38,590 38,590          
Beneficial interest in securitizations   142,764 142,764 134,113        
Loans corresponding to beneficial interest   1,190,000 1,190,000          
Beneficial interest in private education loan securitizations                
Held to maturity investments                
Consumer loans, allowance for credit losses   901 901          
Beneficial interest in securitizations   52,824 52,824 68,372        
Loans corresponding to beneficial interest   465,000 465,000          
Beneficial interest in federally insured loan securitizations                
Held to maturity investments                
Beneficial interest in securitizations   18,221 18,221 22,594        
Loans corresponding to beneficial interest   315,000 315,000          
Solar                
Held to maturity investments                
Solar   (155,048) (155,048) (146,040)        
Amount funded or committed to fund   314,800 314,800          
Amount funded or committed to fund by partners   271,400 271,400          
Tax credits   585,900 585,900          
Tax Credits by partners   260,900 260,900          
Carrying value   (155,000) (155,000)          
Equity method investment attributable to parent   (87,900) (87,900)          
Net losses     (6,477) (59,645) (16,708)      
Less: net losses attributed to noncontrolling interest investors (syndication partners)     4,599 37,875 17,680      
Net (losses) gains, excluding activity attributed to noncontrolling interest investors     (1,878) (21,770) 972      
Tax liens, affordable housing, and other                
Held to maturity investments                
Other investments   $ 10,184 $ 10,184 7,243        
Preferred Partnership Interest                
Held to maturity investments                
Equity method investment, preferred annual return   6.25% 6.25%          
Equity method investment, preferred annual, after increase   10.00% 10.00%          
Recognized income     $ 17,500 $ 9,100 $ 8,600      
Preferred Partnership Interest | Subsequent Event                
Held to maturity investments                
Equity method investment, preferred annual return           13.50%    
Preferred Partnership Interest | ALLO                
Held to maturity investments                
Equity method investment, preferred annual return   20.00% 20.00%          
Accrued preferred return capitalized   $ 3,400 $ 3,400